Self-Reported Pesticide Exposure During Pregnancy and Pesticide-Handling Knowledge Among Small-Scale Horticulture Women Workers in Tanzania, a Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study.

Women constitute most of the global horticulture workforce, where pesticide use is prevalent. Protecting their health, particularly during pregnancy, is essential. However, knowledge about practices among pregnant employees that cause exposure to pesticides is limited.

Respiratory Symptoms and Paper Dust Exposure among Workers in the Paper Industry in Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.

Chronic respiratory symptoms are a health concern in the paper industry. This study evaluates the association between personal inhalable paper dust exposure and chronic respiratory symptoms among workers in this industry. In total, 270 workers from the paper industry and 267 from a water bottling factory participated.

The prevalence of occupational injuries and associated risk factors among workers in iron and steel industries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The iron and steel industries are among the most dangerous workplaces in the world compared to other manufacturing industries. Workers are exposed to multiple occupational hazards, which predispose them to high risks of both fatal and non-fatal injuries. Currently, the data on the global prevalence and associated risk factors for occupational injuries in the iron and steel industries is fragmented and incomplete.

Personal inhalable paper dust exposure and potential determinants among paper industry workers in Ethiopia.

Purpose: Excessive paper dust during paper production may harm the workers' respiratory health. We wanted to assess the inhalable paper dust levels and its determinants among paper industry workers.

Methods: A study was conducted in Ethiopia to assess the level of personal inhalable paper dust exposure among four paper mills.

Neurotrauma from fall accidents in Ethiopia.

Background: Ethiopia is a fast-growing economy with rapid urbanization and poor occupational safety measures. Fall injuries are common and frequently result in traumatic brain injury (TBI) or spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods: We prospectively included fall victims who were hospital-treated for neurotrauma or forensically examined in 2017 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Risk Factors for Neural-Tube Defects Detected in Utero: A Prospective Community-Based Study from Addis Ababa.

Background: A recent community-based study from Addis Ababa identifying Neural Tube Defect (NTD) cases by ultrasound examination of pregnant women showed a higher prevalence of 17 per 1000 fetuses. The risk factors behind the high prevalence remain unclear.

Methods: Altogether 891 of the 958 women participated in the ultrasound examination.

Bacterial contamination of coffee and personal exposure to inhalable dust and endotoxin in primary coffee processing factories in Ethiopia.

Introduction And Objective: Endotoxins from gram-negative bacteria might be released when the coffee cherries are processed and may cause respiratory health problems among workers in the coffee industry. The relationship between bacterial contamination and occupational exposure to endotoxin levels has not been thoroughly explored previously in primary coffee processing factories in Ethiopia, or elsewhere. The aim of this study was to characterize the level of personal endotoxin exposure and its relations with bacterial contamination of coffee cherries in such factories in Ethiopia.

Surgical treatment outcome of children with neural-tube defect: A prospective cohort study in a high volume center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Introduction: Prevalence of neural tube defects (NTD) is high thus many children are born with a neural tube defect in Addis Ababa, and surgical closure is a commonly performed procedure at the pediatric neurosurgical specialty center.

Research Question: The primary aim is to study the outcomes in children undergoing surgical closure of NTDs and to identify risk factors for readmission, complications and mortality.

Material And Methods: Single-center prospective study of all surgically treated NTDs from April 2019 to May 2020.

Utilization of Norwegian crisis shelters before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The measures introduced to control the COVID-19 pandemic, including lockdowns and physical distancing, exerted considerable influence on society.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to examine (1) the prevalence of people seeking Norwegian crisis shelters for domestic violence during the first period of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020) compared to the year before, (2) the demography and type of violence among first-time visitors and (3) to compare the utilization of the crisis shelters and characteristics of the users between shelters in the capital and the other shelters throughout Norway.

Design: Observational study.

Prevalence of neural tube defects among pregnant women in Addis Ababa: a community-based study using prenatal ultrasound examination.

Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of NTDs at ultrasound examination in communities of Addis Ababa and secondarily to provide a description of the dysmorphology of the NTD cases.

Methods: We enrolled 958 pregnant women from 20 randomly selected health centers in Addis Ababa during the period from October 1, 2018, to April 30, 2019. Of these 958 women, 891 had an ultrasound examination after enrollment, with a special focus on NTDs.

Development and initial validation of questionnaire on predictors for the use of hearing protection devices among noise exposed manufacturing workers in Tanzania: A methodological study.

Introduction: The use of hearing protection devices (HPDs) has been an intervention of choice in many workplaces such as in the construction industry for quite some time due to impractical effects of engineering and administrative interventions. Questionnaires for assessment for HPDs use among construction workers have been developed and validated in developed countries. However, there is limited knowledge of the same, among manufacturing workers in developing countries that are assumed to have a different culture, work organizations and production processes.

Esophageal and Head and Neck Cancer Patients Attending Ocean Road Cancer Institute in Tanzania from 2019 to 2021: An Observational Study.

Background: Cancer in Africa is an emerging public health problem that needs urgent preventive measures, particularly in workplaces where exposure to carcinogens may occur. In Tanzania, the incidence rate of cancer and mortality rates due to cancers are increasing, with approximately 50,000 new cases each year. This is estimated to double by 2030.

Surgical treatment and outcome of chronic subdural hematoma: a comparative study between Ethiopia and Norway.

Background: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is one of the most common neurosurgical conditions. Here, we studied differences in demographics, treatment, and outcome for CSDH patients in low-income (Ethiopia) and high-income (Norway) countries and assessed potential outcome determinants.

Methods: We included patients from Addis Ababa University Hospitals (AAUH) and Haukeland University Hospital (HUH) who had surgery for CSDH (2013-2017).

Respiratory Health among Pesticide Sprayers at Flower Farms in Ethiopia.

Background: Pesticide use in Ethiopia has become a common practice in which large-scale flower farms are the main consumers. Workers on flower farms might be exposed to pesticides while spraying or while performing other tasks related to pesticide use and management. It is unclear whether working as a flower farm sprayer is associated with respiratory health problems.

A shift to something better? A longitudinal study of work schedule and prescribed sleep medication use in nurses.

Objectives: To explore whether a change in work schedule was associated with a change in the probability of prescribed sleep medication use.

Methods: A longitudinal study with annual questionnaire data (2008/2009-2021, except 2019) on work schedule (day work only, shift work without nights and shift work with nights) and prescribed sleep medication use from 2028 Norwegian nurses (mean age 31.7 years, 90.

The association between shift work disorder and turnover intention among nurses.

Background: Shift work disorder (SWD) is highly prevalent among shift-working nurses and has multiple negative health-related effects. There is a dearth of insight into career-related decisions made by nurses suffering from SWD, for instance in terms of their intention to quit work (turnover intention). In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between SWD and turnover intention among nurses, and the individual and work-related correlates of turnover intention.

Poor Provision of Sanitary Facilities in Markets of Lusaka District Zambia.

Background: Although provision of sanitary facilities in workplaces is an important issue, very few studies have been undertaken in this regard.

Objective: This study assessed the provision of sanitary facilities for market traders and their perceptions of the provided facilities in Lusaka district Zambia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of workplace observations in 12 randomly selected markets and interviews with 386 traders, conducted in Lusaka district.

Paediatric surgical conditions in Malawi - A cross-sectional nationwide household survey.

Background: Untreated surgical conditions may lead to lifelong disability in children. Treating children with surgical conditions may reduce long-term effects of morbidity and disability. Unfortunately, low- and middle-income countries have limited resources for paediatric surgical care.

Dust Exposure and Respiratory Health Among Workers in Primary Coffee Processing Factories in Tanzania and Ethiopia.

In primary coffee factories the coffee beans are cleaned and sorted. Studies from the 80- and 90-ties indicated respiratory health effects among the workers, but these results may not represent the present status. Our aim was to review recent studies on dust exposure and respiratory health among coffee factory workers in Tanzania and Ethiopia, two major coffee producing countries in Africa.

Sleep medication and melatonin use among Norwegian nurses - A cross-sectional study.

Aim: To estimate the prevalence of sleep medication and melatonin use among nurses and to assess if factors related to work, sleep or mental health, were associated with such use.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Methods: A questionnaire survey including 2,798 Norwegian nurses.

Registered health problems and demographic profile of integrated textile factory workers in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Textile and garment factories are growing in low and middle-income countries as worldwide demand for inexpensive clothing increases each year. These integrated textile and garment production factories are often built-in areas with few workplaces and environmental regulations, and employees can be regularly exposed to workplace hazards with little regulatory oversight. Consequently, workers' health may be significantly affected due to long term exposure to hazards.

Temporary Threshold Shifts among Iron and Steel Factory Workers in Tanzania: A Pre-Interventional Study.

Background: Workers in iron and steel factories in Tanzania are exposed to noise levels above recommended limit values, without using hearing protection devices. Exposure to noise levels above 85 dB(A) is associated with temporary threshold shifts (TTS) of human hearing. Nevertheless, there are few studies of noise and hearing from African countries.

Changes in work schedule affect the prevalence of shift work disorder among Norwegian nurses - a two year follow-up study.

This study aimed to explore how changes in the work schedule would affect the prevalence of Shift Work Disorder (SWD) over time. Two-year follow-up data from 1076 nurses participating in the longitudinal SUrvey of Shift work, Sleep and Health among Norwegian nurses (SUSSH) were included in the study. The questionnaires included measures of work-related factors, i.