Factors affecting communication time in an emergency medical communication centers.

Background: Emergency Medical Communication Centres (EMCCs) play a crucial role in emergency care by ensuring timely responses through telephone triage. However, extended communication times can impede accessibility, patient triage, and decision-making. Identifying the factors influencing communication duration is essential for improving EMCC efficiency.

Three colonic cancers, two sites of complete occlusion, one patient: A case report.

Background: Synchronous colonic cancer incidence is uncommon, and awareness about this rare condition is improved recently. However, in the presence of acute colonic obstruction, investigation and management of synchronous colonic cancer can be difficult and challenging.

Case Summary: A patient presented with acute colonic obstruction with impending rupture and complete examination of this patient revealed the presence of three colonic cancers, of which two were completely occluding.

Endoscopic radiofrequency ablation or surveillance in patients with Barrett's oesophagus with confirmed low-grade dysplasia: a multicentre randomised trial.

Objective: Due to an annual progression rate of Barrett's oesophagus (BO) with low-grade dysplasia (LGD) between 9% and 13% per year endoscopic ablation therapy is preferred to surveillance. Since this recommendation is based on only one randomised trial, we aimed at checking these results by another multicentre randomised trial with a similar design.

Design: A prospective randomised study was performed in 14 centres comparing radiofrequency ablation (RFA) (maximum of 4 sessions) to annual endoscopic surveillance, including patients with a confirmed diagnosis of BO with LGD.

Same-day endoscopic ultrasound, retrograde cholangiopancreatography and stone extraction, followed by cholecystectomy: A case report and literature review.

Introduction: Common bile duct stone-related events and their recurrence are frequent even after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and stone extraction. Cholecystectomy should be carried out as soon as possible after the initial episode to prevent complications.

Case Presentation: We present a case of a patient who underwent endoscopic ultrasound, cholangiopancreatography with stone extraction and cholecystectomy on the same day.

A Case of Torsion of the Gallbladder Suspected with SPECT-CT: Review and Recommendations.

Torsion or volvulus of the gallbladder is a rare situation that rapidly progresses to gangrene and linked with a poor prognosis, even death, if unrecognized and untreated. An interesting and rare case of gallbladder volvulus in which diagnosis was obtained by comparing CT images and HIDA scan with SPECT-CT is presented. Relevant literature is reviewed, and recommendations are outlined.

Massively distended, necrotic and hemorrhagic gallbladder in a long-term octreotide-treated patient with added everolimus.

Introduction: Long-term treatment with somatostatin analogs, such as octreotide, is well known to promote gallstones formation. Immunosuppressive therapy in renal transplantation is also associated with increased occurrence of gallstones. But acute cholecystitis develops only in a few cholelithiasis patients.

[Psychosomatic, bonds and relational theory].

The term 'psychosomatic' conveys the idea of connections between the mind and the soma. These are also conceived between an organic pathology and a mental pathology, between the real and the imaginary, and oppose the separation of the body and mind. A bond is established through a relational situation, through words, and is based on values upheld by the caregivers such as humanity, individual commitment to the patient.

Adding Water to the Mill: Olmesartan-Induced Collagenous Sprue-A Case Report and Brief Literature Review.

Collagenous sprue (CS) is a distinct clinicopathological disorder histologically defined by a thickened subepithelial band (Freeman, 2011). It is a rare condition which has been recently observed in a significant proportion of sprue-like enteropathy associated with olmesartan, a novel entity described by Rubio-Tapia et al. in 2012.

Modelling the effect of temperature, pH, water activity, and organic acids on the germination time of Penicillium camemberti and Penicillium roqueforti conidia.

In this study, the influence of environmental factors on the germination time of Penicillium camemberti and Penicillium roqueforti conidia was evaluated. To do so, the effects of i/temperature, pH, water activity, and ii/organic acids were determined using models based on i/cardinal values, and ii/minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) respectively. Cardinal values for germination of conidia were not observed to be species dependent.

Validation of a predictive model for the growth of chalk yeasts on bread.

The present study focused on the effects of temperature, T, and water activity, aw, on the growth of Hyphopichia burtonii, Pichia anomala, and Saccharomycopsis fibuligera on Sabouraud Agar Medium. Cardinal values were estimated by means of cardinal models with inflection. All the yeasts were xerophilic, and they exhibited growth at 0.

A model for the effect of pH on the growth of chalk yeasts.

Hyphopichia burtonii, Pichia anomala, and Saccharomycopsis fibuligera were isolated from spoiled packaged sliced bread. These chalk yeasts were characterized by a wide range of pH for which growth was almost optimum. Thus, the curve growth vs pH exhibited plateau and sharp profiles close to the minimum and the maximum pH.

Lag time for germination of Penicillium chrysogenum conidia is induced by temperature shifts.

In the environment, fungal conidia are subject to transient conditions. In particular, temperature is varying according to day/night periods. All predictive models for germination assume that fungal spores can adapt instantaneously to changes of temperature.

Effect of inoculum size and water activity on the time to visible growth of Penicillium chrysogenum colony.

In order to assess the effect of the inoculum size on the time to visible growth for Penicillium chrysogenum, the correlation described by González et al. (González, H.H.

Effect of storage conditions (relative humidity, duration, and temperature) on the germination time of Aspergillus carbonarius and Penicillium chrysogenum.

Fungal conidia are disseminated, often in the air, for a certain period of time, prior to contaminating food products. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of the relative humidity, RH (%), time (day), and temperature (°C) during this period of time, called "storage", on the germination time, τ (h), of Aspergillus carbonarius and Penicillium chrysogenum. A Doehlert design was used in the range, 20-100% RH, 2-28 days, and 5-25 °C.

Modelling the inhibitory effect of copper sulfate on the growth of Penicillium expansum and Botrytis cinerea.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the effect of copper sulfate (from 0 to 8 mmol kg(-1)) on radial growth rate and lag time of two moulds responsible for vine grapes spoilage: Penicillium expansum strain 25·03 and Botrytis cinerea, strains BC1 and BC2.

Methods And Results: A new model was developed to describe tailing and shoulders in the inhibition curves. Because of tailing, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), was not defined as the concentration at which no growth was observed, but as the concentration at which the lag time was infinite.

A new model for germination of fungi.

The objective of this study was to design a germination model dedicated to fungi. The percentage of germinated spores, P(%), depended on the maximum percentage of germination P(max) (%), the germination time, τ (h) and a design parameter, d (-) according to : [formula in text]. The model was capable to fit satisfactorily either apparent symmetric and asymmetric shapes of germination curves.

Impact of water activity of diverse media on spore germination of Aspergillus and Penicillium species.

The effects of water activity (a(w)) of diverse media i/ culture medium for sporogenesis, a(w sp) ii/ liquid spore suspension medium, a(w su) and iii/ medium for germination, a(w ge), on the germination time t(G) of Aspergillus carbonarius, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium chrysogenum and Penicillium expansum were assessed according to a screening matrix at 0.95 and 0.99 a(w).

Validation of a predictive model for the growth of Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum on grape berries.

The objective of this study was to develop and to validate a model for predicting the combined effect of temperature and a(w) on the radial growth rate, mu, of Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum on grape berries. The proposed strategy was based on the gamma-concept developed previously [Zwietering, M.H.

Use of the Weibull model to describe inactivation of dry-harvested conidia of different Penicillium species by ethanol vapours.

Aims: This study aimed at modelling the effect of ethanol vapours, in the range 0.7-7.5 kPa, on the inactivation of dry-harvested conidia of Penicillium chrysogenum, Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum.

Distributions of the growth rate of the germ tubes and germination time of Penicillium chrysogenum conidia depend on water activity.

The effects of water activities for sporulation (a(wsp)) and germination (a(wge)) on the distributions of the growth rate of the germ tubes (mu) and the germination time (t(G)) of Penicillium chrysogenum conidia were determined by monitoring the length of the same germ tubes throughout the experiments automatically. No relationship between the individual t(G)'s and mu's could be established. Irrespective of the water activity for germination, mu was greater and t(G) was less for conidia produced at 0.

Full mapping of optical noise in photonic devices: an evaluation by near-field scanning microscopy.

We demonstrate the possibility of mapping the transverse spatial distribution of optical noise at the output of photonic devices. Maps of local low-frequency noise are obtained by using statistics on multiple-sampling data from near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM). On selected laser diodes, the signatures of basic types of transverse mode instabilities (relative phase and amplitude of modes) are unambiguously obtained.

Inactivation of conidia of Penicillium chrysogenum, P. digitatum and P. italicum by ethanol solutions and vapours.

A fractional factorial design, 2(5-1) experiments, was used for assessing the influence of 5 factors: water activity, aw [0.7, 0.9], temperature, T ( degrees C) [10, 30], mode of application, A [liquid, vapour], ethanol concentration, E (% w/w) [5, 10] and time, t (d) [1, 4] on the inactivation of spores of Penicillium chrysogenum, P.

The logarithmic transformation should be avoided for stabilising the variance of mould growth rate.

Radial growth rate, micro (mm d(-1)) was evaluated by plotting the radius of the colony, r (mm) versus time (d) for Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Mucor racemosus, Rhizopus oryzae and Trichoderma harzianum at different T and a(w). For each of the 12 data sets, an analysis of variance of the raw growth rate data was performed. It was observed from the P-values that all square-root transformed values of micro were non-significant at the significance level alpha=0.

Standardisation of methods for assessing mould germination: a workshop report.

The first workshop on predictive mycology was held in Marseille, France, 2--4 February 2005 under the auspices of the French Microbiological society. The purpose of the workshop was to list the different techniques and definitions used by scientists for assessing mould germination and to evaluate the influence of the different techniques on the experimental results. Recommendations were made when a large consensus was obtained.