Turning waste into resources: A comprehensive review on the valorisation of Elodea nuttallii biomass.

This review focuses on the alternative uses of Elodea nuttallii (Planch.) H.St.

Psychological consequences of female genital mutilation: A mixed-method systematic review.

Background: Female genital mutilation (FGM/C) defined as 'all procedures that involve partial or total removal of the external female genitalia, or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons' is a cultural practice having several consequences on women's health. Medical and sexual consequences have been documented, but the link between FGM/C and the development of psychological symptoms is not clearly established. The influence of contextual factors is poorly understood.

Assessing radiation dosimetry for microorganisms in naturally radioactive mineral springs using GATE and Geant4-DNA Monte Carlo simulations.

Mineral springs in Massif Central, France can be characterized by higher levels of natural radioactivity in comparison to the background. The biota in these waters is constantly under radiation exposure mainly from the α-emitters of the natural decay chains, with 226Ra in sediments ranging from 21 Bq/g to 43 Bq/g and 222Rn activity concentrations in water up to 4600 Bq/L. This study couples for the first time micro- and nanodosimetric approaches to radioecology by combining GATE and Geant4-DNA to assess the dose rates and DNA damages to microorganisms living in these naturally radioactive ecosystems.

Comparison of two ecotypes under nitrogen starvation and resupply reveals distinct lipid accumulation strategies but a common degradation process.

Introduction: is a model species frequently used to study lipid metabolism in diatoms. When exposed to a nutrient limitation or starvation, diatoms are known to accumulate neutral lipids in cytoplasmic lipid droplets (LDs). Those lipids are produced partly de novo and partly from the recycle of plastid membrane lipids.

Enhancing the biochemical growth of by mitigation of broad-spectrum light stress in wastewater cultures.

In this study, the microalgae were cultivated in wastewater inoculated into low-density polypropylene plastic air pillows (LDPE-PAPs) under a light stress. The cells were irradiated to different light stresses using white LED lights (WLs) as the control, and broad-spectrum lights (BLs) as a test for the period of 32 days. It was observed that the inoculum (70 × 10 mL cells) of algal cells increased almost 30 and 40 times in WL and BL, respectively, at day 32 coherent to its biomass productivity.

Astaxanthin as a King of Ketocarotenoids: Structure, Synthesis, Accumulation, Bioavailability and Antioxidant Properties.

Astaxanthin (3,3-dihydroxy-β, β-carotene-4,4-dione) is a ketocarotenoid synthesized by , , , , , , some bacteria (), yeasts, and lobsters, among others However, it is majorly synthesized by alone (about 4%). The richness of natural astaxanthin over synthetic astaxanthin has drawn the attention of industrialists to cultivate and extract it via two stage cultivation process. However, the cultivation in photobioreactors is expensive, and converting it in soluble form so that it can be easily assimilated by our digestive system requires downstream processing techniques which are not cost-effective.

Bioinformatics-Based Screening Approach for the Identification and Characterization of Lipolytic Enzymes from the Marine Diatom .

Oleaginous diatoms accumulate lipids of biotechnological interest when exposed to nutrient stress conditions such as nitrogen starvation. While accumulation mechanisms are well-known and have been engineered to improve lipid production, degradation mechanisms remain poorly investigated in diatoms. Identifying lipid-degrading enzymes is the initial step to understanding the catabolic processes.

ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 4 coordinates eoplast formation to ensure acquisition of seed longevity during maturation in Medicago truncatula.

Seed longevity, the capacity to remain alive during dry storage, is pivotal to germination performance and is essential for preserving genetic diversity. It is acquired during late maturation concomitantly with seed degreening and the de-differentiation of chloroplasts into colorless, non-photosynthetic plastids, called eoplasts. As chlorophyll retention leads to poor seed performance upon sowing, these processes are important for seed vigor.

A techno-economic approach for eliminating dye pollutants from industrial effluent employing microalgae through microbial fuel cells: Barriers and perspectives.

Microbial fuel cells are biochemical factories which besides recycling wastewater are electricity generators, if their low power density can be scaled up. This also adds up to work on many factors responsible to increase the cost of running a microbial fuel cell. As a result, the first step is to use environment friendly dead organic algae biomass or even living algae cells in a microbial fuel cell, also referred to as microalgal microbial fuel cells.

The Transition Toward Nitrogen Deprivation in Diatoms Requires Chloroplast Stand-By and Deep Metabolic Reshuffling.

Microalgae have adapted to face abiotic stresses by accumulating energy storage molecules such as lipids, which are also of interest to industries. Unfortunately, the impairment in cell division during the accumulation of these molecules constitutes a major bottleneck for the development of efficient microalgae-based biotechnology processes. To address the bottleneck, a multidisciplinary approach was used to study the mechanisms involved in the transition from nitrogen repletion to nitrogen starvation conditions in the marine diatom that was cultured in a turbidostat.

Metabolite Quantification by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy in Diatoms: Proof of Concept on .

Diatoms are feedstock for the production of sustainable biocommodities, including biofuel. The biochemical characterization of newly isolated or genetically modified strains is seminal to identify the strains that display interesting features for both research and industrial applications. Biochemical quantification of organic macromolecules cellular quotas are time-consuming methodologies which often require large amount of biological sample.

Selection of Culture Conditions and Cell Morphology for Biocompatible Extraction of β-Carotene from .

Biocompatible extraction emerges recently as a means to reduce costs of biotechnology processing of microalgae. In this frame, this study aimed at determining how specific culture conditions and the associated cell morphology impact the biocompatibility and the extraction yield of β-carotene from the green microalga using -decane. The results highlight the relationship between the cell disruption yield and cell volume, the circularity and the relative abundance of naturally permeabilized cells.

Perovskite-based solar cells fabricated from TiO nanoparticles hybridized with biomaterials from mollusc and diatoms.

Perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) convert solar energy into electrical energy. Current study employs fabrication of PVSCs using calcium titanate (CaTiO) prepared by co-precipitation of TiO nanoparticle (NP) and CaCO NP with later synthesized from mollusc shell. Furthermore, frustules of diatom, Nitzschia palea were used to prepare silica doped CaTiO (Si-CaTiO) nanocomposite.

Diatom microalgae as smart nanocontainers for biosensing wastewater pollutants: recent trends and innovations.

Microalgae have been recognized as one of the most efficient microorganisms to remediate industrial effluents. Among microalgae diatoms are silica shelled unicellular eukaryotes, found in all types of water bodies and flourish very well even in wastewater. They have their silica cell wall made up of nano arrayed pores arranged in a uniform fashion.

Impact of light on microalgal photosynthetic microbial fuel cells and removal of pollutants by nanoadsorbent biopolymers: Updates, challenges and innovations.

Photosynthetic microbial fuel cells (PMFCs) with microalgae have huge potential for treating wastewater while simultaneously converting light energy into electrical energy. The efficiency of such cells directly depends on algal growth, which depends on light intensity. Higher light intensity results in increased potential as well as enhancement in generation of biomass rich in biopolymers.

"Light modulates transcriptomic dynamics upregulating astaxanthin accumulation in Haematococcus: A review".

Haematococcus pluvialis is a green alga that can accumulate high astaxanthin content, a commercially demanding market keto food. Due to its high predicted market value of about 3.4 billion USD in 2027, it is essential to increase its production.

Insights into diatom microalgal farming for treatment of wastewater and pretreatment of algal cells by ultrasonication for value creation.

Wastewater management and its treatment have revolutionized the industry sector into many innovative techniques. However, the cost of recycling via chemical treatment has major issues especially in economically poor sectors. On the offset, one of the most viable and economical techniques to clean wastewater is by growing microalgae in it.

Application of pulsed electric fields for the biocompatible extraction of proteins from the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis.

This study aims to employ a pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment for the biocompatible (non-destructive) extraction of proteins from living cells of the green microalga Haematococcus pluvialis. Using a field strength of 1 kV cm, we achieved the extraction of 10.2 µg protein per mL of culture, which corresponded to 46% of the total amount of proteins that could be extracted by complete destructive extraction (i.

Protective Action of and Extracts towards Benzo[a]Pyrene-Induced Cytotoxicity in Endothelial Cells.

Marine microalgae are known to be a source of bioactive molecules of interest to human health, such as n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and carotenoids. The fact that some of these natural compounds are known to exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-proliferative, and apoptosis-inducing effects, demonstrates their potential use in preventing cancers and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), is an ubiquitous environmental pollutant known to contribute to the development or aggravation of human diseases, such as cancer, CVDs, and immune dysfunction.

Microalgal carotenoids and phytosterols regulate biochemical mechanisms involved in human health and disease prevention.

Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms that produce numerous bioactive molecules that can be used as food supplement to prevent chronic disease installation. Indeed, they produce phycobiliproteins, polysaccharides, lipids, carotenoids and sterolic compounds. The use of microalgae in human nutrition provide a mixture of these molecules with synergistic effect.

Carbon Orientation in the Diatom : The Effects of Carbon Limitation and Photon Flux Density.

Diatoms adapt to changing environmental conditions in very efficient ways. Among the mechanisms that can be activated, the reorientation of carbon metabolism is crucial because it allows the storage of energy into energy-dense molecules, typically lipids. Beside their roles in physiology, lipids are commercially interesting compounds.

Ion and metabolite transport in the chloroplast of algae: lessons from land plants.

Chloroplasts are endosymbiotic organelles and play crucial roles in energy supply and metabolism of eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms (algae and land plants). They harbor channels and transporters in the envelope and thylakoid membranes, mediating the exchange of ions and metabolites with the cytosol and the chloroplast stroma and between the different chloroplast subcompartments. In secondarily evolved algae, three or four envelope membranes surround the chloroplast, making more complex the exchange of ions and metabolites.

Response of CO-starved diatom to light intensity transition.

In this study, we investigated the responses of cells acclimated to 300 µmol m s photon flux density to an increase (1000 µmol m s) or decrease (30 µmol m s) in photon flux densities. The light shift occurred abruptly after 5 days of growth and the acclimation to new conditions was followed during the next 6 days at the physiological and molecular levels. The molecular data reflect a rearrangement of carbon metabolism towards the production of phosphoenolpyruvic acid (PEP) and/or pyruvate.