Alternative splicing is an FXRα loss-of-function mechanism and impacts energy metabolism in hepatocarcinoma cells.

Farnesoid X receptor α (FXRα, NR1H4) is a bile acid-activated nuclear receptor that regulates the expression of glycolytic and lipogenic target genes by interacting with the 9-cis-retinoic acid receptor α (RXRα, NR2B1). Along with cofactors, the FXRα proteins reported thus far in humans and rodents have been observed to regulate both isoform (α1-4)- and tissue-specific gene expression profiles to integrate energy balance and metabolism. Here, we studied the biological functions of an FXRα naturally occurring spliced exon 5 isoform (FXRαse5) lacking the second zinc-binding module of the DNA binding domain (DBD).

Local versus general anesthesia for stapes surgery: a prospective study of comfort and results on 100 ears.

Aims: To demonstrate the non-inferiority of perioperative comfort in patients undergoing otosclerosis surgery under local anesthesia versus general anesthesia and to compare audiometric results, quality of life and complications.

Materials And Methods: A prospective non-interventional study was performed. Patients undergoing otosclerosis surgery between January 2019 and March 2021 at the University Hospital of Rennes were included consecutively.

High-quality metagenome assembly from long accurate reads with metaMDBG.

We introduce metaMDBG, a metagenomics assembler for PacBio HiFi reads. MetaMDBG combines a de Bruijn graph assembly in a minimizer space with an iterative assembly over sequences of minimizers to address variations in genome coverage depth and an abundance-based filtering strategy to simplify strain complexity. For complex communities, we obtained up to twice as many high-quality circularized prokaryotic metagenome-assembled genomes as existing methods and had better recovery of viruses and plasmids.

Efficient High-Quality Metagenome Assembly from Long Accurate Reads using Minimizer-space de Bruijn Graphs.

We introduce a novel metagenomics assembler for high-accuracy long reads. Our approach, implemented as metaMDBG, combines highly efficient de Bruijn graph assembly in minimizer space, with both a multi- approach for dealing with variations in genome coverage depth and an abundance-based filtering strategy for simplifying strain complexity. The resulting algorithm is more efficient than the state-of-the-art but with better assembly results.

Effects of switching redox conditions on sediment phosphorus immobilization by calcium/aluminum composite capping: Performance, ecological safety and mechanisms.

There many materials were used in lake restoration to immobilize phosphorus (P) and reduce the effect of eutrophication. Among them, calcium/aluminum composite (CAC) showed a good capacity of P adsorption. However, a comprehensive of its performance, ecological safety, and the mechanism of P passivation in the aluminum-bound P (Al -P) dominated sediments under varying redox conditions remains incomplete.

One model fits all: Combining inference and simulation of gene regulatory networks.

The rise of single-cell data highlights the need for a nondeterministic view of gene expression, while offering new opportunities regarding gene regulatory network inference. We recently introduced two strategies that specifically exploit time-course data, where single-cell profiling is performed after a stimulus: HARISSA, a mechanistic network model with a highly efficient simulation procedure, and CARDAMOM, a scalable inference method seen as model calibration. Here, we combine the two approaches and show that the same model driven by transcriptional bursting can be used simultaneously as an inference tool, to reconstruct biologically relevant networks, and as a simulation tool, to generate realistic transcriptional profiles emerging from gene interactions.

Formulation and stability study of an oral paediatric phenobarbital 1% solution containing hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins.

Objectives: Phenobarbital is a barbiturate, used to treat focal and generalised epilepsy. Since the end of marketing of the oral solution KANEURON in 2017, phenobarbital tablets remain the only available dosage form. Development of an oral phenobarbital solution for paediatric use is therefore essential to fulfil clinical needs.

Sediment phosphorus immobilization with the addition of calcium/aluminum and lanthanum/calcium/aluminum composite materials under wide ranges of pH and redox conditions.

Aquatic environment factors often influence and regulate the direction of phosphorus (P) flow at the sediment-water interface (SWI). High pH and low DO, common in eutrophic lakes, would induce large releases of P from sediment, and thus cause the negative effect on the efficiency of some P-passivators. Hence, the development of P passivators that could function over a wide range of pH condition and redox state in the overlaying water with reduced undesirable side effects is critical for the eutrophic lake remediation.

Growth, ROS accumulation site, and photosynthesis inhibition mechanism of Chlorella vulgaris by triclosan.

Although the addition of triclosan (TCS) in consumer products has been strictly restricted, its continuous applications in hospitals and other medical facilities and its numerous residues still pose a potential risk to aquatic organisms and aquatic ecosystems. In this study, we investigated the growth, biochemical alterations, and physiological responses of Chlorella vulgaris exposed to different concentrations of TCS. The potential toxicity mechanisms associated with excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disruption of photosynthetic system II (PSII) were also analyzed.

Genomic evidence for global ocean plankton biogeography shaped by large-scale current systems.

Biogeographical studies have traditionally focused on readily visible organisms, but recent technological advances are enabling analyses of the large-scale distribution of microscopic organisms, whose biogeographical patterns have long been debated. Here we assessed the global structure of plankton geography and its relation to the biological, chemical, and physical context of the ocean (the 'seascape') by analyzing metagenomes of plankton communities sampled across oceans during the Oceans expedition, in light of environmental data and ocean current transport. Using a consistent approach across organismal sizes that provides unprecedented resolution to measure changes in genomic composition between communities, we report a pan-ocean, size-dependent plankton biogeography overlying regional heterogeneity.

Three classes of epigenomic regulators converge to hyperactivate the essential maternal gene deadhead within a heterochromatin mini-domain.

The formation of a diploid zygote is a highly complex cellular process that is entirely controlled by maternal gene products stored in the egg cytoplasm. This highly specialized transcriptional program is tightly controlled at the chromatin level in the female germline. As an extreme case in point, the massive and specific ovarian expression of the essential thioredoxin Deadhead (DHD) is critically regulated in Drosophila by the histone demethylase Lid and its partner, the histone deacetylase complex Sin3A/Rpd3, via yet unknown mechanisms.

Searching Covid-19 by linguistic register: Parallels and warrant for a new retrieval model.

Keeping informed given rapid trend in data and resources about covid-19 is a new challenge. Different user groups (researchers/doctors, practitioners, public) vary in linguistic expression and vocabulary so a new retrieval framework might likewise vary to improve retrieval, expose unanticipated concepts, and establish a sustainable research stream. In this project a document collection about covid-19 was created, parsed according to ISO12620's definition of linguistic register, and retrieval sets compared.

The male external urethral sphincter is autonomically innervated.

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to describe autonomic urethral sphincter (US) innervation using specific muscular and neuronal antibody markers and 3D reconstruction.

Material And Methods: We performed en-bloc removal of the entire pelvis of three male human fetuses between 18 and 40 weeks. Serial whole mount sections (5 μm intervals) were stained and investigated.

Physiological and morphological response of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae to watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) peel aqueous extract.

Natural algaecides are more likely to be specific and biodegradable, and may offer an environmentally friendly method for control of cyanobacterial blooms. We explored, for the first time, the potential for watermelon peel aqueous extract (WMPAE) to control the growth of the harmful blue-green alga Aphanizomenon flos-aquae. The growth inhibition and several physiological parameters of A.

Hypertension Canada's 2020 Comprehensive Guidelines for the Prevention, Diagnosis, Risk Assessment, and Treatment of Hypertension in Adults and Children.

Hypertension Canada's 2020 guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, risk assessment, and treatment of hypertension in adults and children provide comprehensive, evidence-based guidance for health care professionals and patients. Hypertension Canada develops the guidelines using rigourous methodology, carefully mitigating the risk of bias in our process. All draft recommendations undergo critical review by expert methodologists without conflict to ensure quality.

Variations in CH and CO productions and emissions driven by pollution sources in municipal sewers: An assessment of the role of dissolved organic matter components and microbiota.

Variations in methane (CH) and carbon dioxide (CO) emissions in municipal sewer driven by pollution sources are complex and multifaceted. It is important to investigate the role of dissolved organic matter (DOM) components and microbiota to better understand what and how those variations occurred. For this purpose, this study provides a systematic assessment based on short-term in-sewer conditioned cultivations, in conjunction with a field survey in four typical sewers in Shanghai Megacity.

The Lid/KDM5 histone demethylase complex activates a critical effector of the oocyte-to-zygote transition.

Following fertilization of a mature oocyte, the formation of a diploid zygote involves a series of coordinated cellular events that ends with the first embryonic mitosis. In animals, this complex developmental transition is almost entirely controlled by maternal gene products. How such a crucial transcriptional program is established during oogenesis remains poorly understood.

Role of Daily Milk Volume and Period of Lactation in Nutrient Content of Human Milk: Results from a Prospective Study.

Most studies assessing the macronutrient content of human milk are published retrospectively using analyzers that fail to determine sodium content and do not take into account the role of volume in milk composition. We aimed to describe macronutrient content and sodium content in human milk over time, observe any associations between them, and determine the factors associated with the evolution of milk composition. A prospective, longitudinal, monocentric study was undertaken.

Clinical relevance of membrane attack complex deposition in children with IgA nephropathy and Henoch-Schönlein purpura.

Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and Henoch-Schönlein purpura are common glomerular disorders in children sharing the same histopathologic pattern of IgA deposits within the mesangium, even if their physiopathology may be different. Repeated exposure to pathogens induces the production of abnormal IgA1. The immune complex deposition in the renal mesangium in IgAN or potentially in small vessels in Henoch-Schönlein purpura induces complement activation via the alternative and lectin pathways.

Smooth muscle of the male pelvic floor: An anatomic study.

Knowledge of the anatomy of the male pelvic floor is important to avoid damaging the pelvic floor muscles during surgery. We set out to explore the structure and innervation of the smooth muscle (SM) of the whole pelvic floor using male fetuses. We removed en-bloc the entire pelvis of three male fetuses.

SimkaMin: fast and resource frugal de novo comparative metagenomics.

Motivation: De novo comparative metagenomics is one of the most straightforward ways to analyze large sets of metagenomic data. Latest methods use the fraction of shared k-mers to estimate genomic similarity between read sets. However, those methods, while extremely efficient, are still limited by computational needs for practical usage outside of large computing facilities.