Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation of -Methyl Derivatives of Norbelladine.

Norbelladine derivatives have garnered attention in recent years due to their diverse biological activities and pivotal role in the biosynthetic pathway of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids. This study reports the synthesis and biological evaluation of four O,-methylated derivatives of norbelladine. These derivatives were synthesized through a three-step process: forming imine intermediates from benzaldehydes with tyramine, hydrogenating them to secondary amines, and -methylating these amines.

Chemical analysis of polymers used for 3D printing of firearms.

3D-printed firearms cause challenges in criminal investigations and forensic analysis because they are difficult to trace. Indeed, in addition to being "ghost guns", they may not produce all the conventional ballistic traces normally used for firearm identification. However, 3D-printed firearms produce other very specific traces, such as polymer traces which come from the polymers used to print the firearm.

Biological Investigation of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloid Extracts from the Bulbs of Collected in the Senegalese Flora.

Amaryllidaceae plants are rich in alkaloids with biological properties. is an Amaryllidaceae species widely used in African folk medicine to treat several diseases such as central nervous system disorders, tumors, and microbial infections, and it is used to heal wounds. The current investigation explored the biological properties of alkaloid extracts from bulbs of collected in the Senegalese flora.

Structural Characterization of a Novel Antioxidant Pigment Produced by a Photochromogenic Microbacterium oxydans Strain.

The Microbacteriaceae family, such as Microbacterium, is well known for its ability to produce carotenoid-type pigments, but little has been published on the structure of such pigments. Here, we isolated the yellow pigment that is responsible for the yellowish color of a Microbacterium oxydans strain isolated from a decomposing stump of a resinous tree. The pigment, which is synthesized when the bacterium is grown under light, was purified and characterized using several spectroscopic analyses, such as ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), H and C nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR, C NMR), and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS).

Synthesis of γ,δ-Unsaturated α-Aminoaldehydes Using a Copper-Catalyzed Vinylation Reaction Followed by a Claisen Rearrangement.

A new method to synthesize γ,δ-unsaturated α-nitrogenated aldehydes in very good yields is described herein. This method involves a copper-coupling reaction between β-iodoenamide derivatives and allylic alcohols to generate β-allyloxyenamide derivatives. The latter, when heated, undergo a Claisen rearrangement and form γ,δ-unsaturated α-nitrogenated aldehydes.

Brassinosteroids and analogs as neuroprotectors: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.

We have demonstrated previously that the brassinosteroid (BR) 24-epibrassinolide exerts neuroprotective effects deriving from its antioxidative properties. In this study, we synthesized 2 natural BRs and 5 synthetic analogs and analyzed their neuroprotective actions in neuronal PC12 cells, against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), a neurotoxin known to induce oxidative stress and degenerescence of dopaminergic neurons characteristic of Parkinsonian brains. We also tested the neuroprotective potential of 2 commercially available BRs.

24-Epibrassinolide, a Phytosterol from the Brassinosteroid Family, Protects Dopaminergic Cells against MPP-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis.

Oxidative stress and apoptosis are frequently cited to explain neuronal cell damage in various neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson' s disease. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are phytosterols recognized to promote stress tolerance of vegetables via modulation of the antioxidative enzyme cascade. However, their antioxidative effects on mammalian neuronal cells have never been examined so far.

Dopamine D2 agonists, bromocriptine and quinpirole, increase MPP+ -induced toxicity in PC12 cells.

Dopaminergic cell loss in the mesencephalic substantia nigra is the hallmark of Parkinson's disease and may be associated with abnormal oxidative metabolic activity. However, the delicate balance underlying dopamine decline and oxidative stress is still a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to analyze the possible modulation of D2 agonists and antagonists on MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridinium ion) -induced cellular death in differentiated and undifferentiated PC12 cells.