Curve progression in non-surgically treated patients with idiopathic scoliosis: a cohort study with 40-year follow-up.

Background And Purpose: Treatment of idiopathic scoliosis in childhood aims to prevent curve progression. It is generally accepted that curves > 50° have the highest risk of progression, but less well described is what happens with mild to moderate curves. The aim of this study was to assess long-term curve progression and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and compare thoracic and thoracolumbar/lumbar (TL/L) curves.

Dual test gas pulmonary diffusing capacity in patients with idiopathic scoliosis 40 years after diagnosis.

There is limited knowledge on diffusing capacity in scoliosis patients. It remains to be determined if impaired pulmonary diffusing capacity is mostly influenced by reduced alveolar-capillary membrane diffusing capacity (D), reduced pulmonary capillary blood volume (V) or both. This study aims to report findings from dual test gas pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide and nitric oxide (D) with quantification of pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide corrected for haemoglobin with a five s breath-hold (D) and nitric oxide with a five s breath-hold (D), D and V.

A Feasibility Study of a Controlled Standing Fulcrum Side-Bending Test in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

: Spinal flexibility radiographs are important in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) for clinical decision-making. In this study, we introduce a new method, the 'quantitatively controlled standing fulcrum side-bending' test (CSFS test). This is a feasibility study; we aimed to quantify the applied force and track the temporospatial changes in the spine specifically by measuring the continuous change in the Cobb angle (in degrees) during lateral bending.

MRI in early stages of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis indicates a neuro-osseous growth mismatch associated with curve progression.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between spinal cord anatomy and the risk of curve progression in mild to moderate adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Methods: We prospectively included patients presenting with mild or moderate AIS (< 40 degrees). Irrespective of curve severity, patients underwent 3-dimensional MRI and were followed until skeletal maturity or surgery.

Two-Year Radiological Outcome of Adult Spinal Deformity Treated with Lumbar Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy or Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Objective: The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to compare the 2-year radiological outcome and revision rates in patients with adult spinal deformity treated with either pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) or posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF), when PLIF was used to improve sagittal balance.

Methods: In 2016, PLIF was introduced at our institution as an alternative method when restoring lumbar lordosis. We analyzed 2 cohorts of patients with adult spinal deformity undergoing either PSO in 2010-2015 or PLIF in 2016-2020, retrospectively.

Does a delay of surgery due to a multidisciplinary screening process result in neuromuscular scoliosis curve progression in complex Cerebral Palsy?

Purpose: While surgical intervention of scoliosis in cerebral palsy (CP) patients has shown notable improvements in quality of life, the high risk of post-operative complications in CP patients necessitates careful preoperative optimization. A preoperative multidisciplinary (Multi-D) pathway at our tertiary pediatric hospital in effect since 2014 led to a significant reduction in mortality at one year. However, such a strategy delays surgery, potentially increasing the risk of curve progression.

Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion as a Supplement to Posterior Instrumentation in Adult Spinal Deformity Patients: A Pilot Randomized Study With a Median of Eight Years of Follow-Up.

Aim We aim to assess the long-term revision rates in patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD) undergoing posterior instrumentation with or without supplemental anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) with a median of eight years of follow-up. Materials and methods Based on a previous pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) from 2012, all previous participants were invited to a clinical and radiographic follow-up. Full medical records from the total cohort were reviewed from the time of operation to the follow-up, and information on revision surgery due to mechanical failure was obtained and compared between the groups.

The Effect of Night-time versus Full-time Bracing on the Sagittal Profile in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Propensity Score-matched Study.

Study Design: Retrospective multicenter cohort study.

Objective: To investigate the impact of night-time bracing (NTB) and full-time bracing (FTB) on the sagittal profile in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients.

Summary Of Background Data: Recent studies have shown that FTB in AIS patients may induce hypokyphosis.

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bone and joint pathogens using isothermal microcalorimetry.

The rise in osteomyelitis and periprosthetic joint infections, in combination with increasing life expectancy and the prevalence of diabetes, underscores the urgent need for rapid and accurate diagnostic tools. Conventional culture-based methods are often time-consuming and prone to false-negatives, leading to prolonged and inappropriate antibiotic treatments. This study aims to improve osteomyelitis diagnostics by decreasing the time to detection and the time to an antibiotic susceptibility result to enable a targeted treatment using isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC).

Does the coronal deformity angular ratio affect bracing outcome in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis?

Purpose: To examine if coronal deformity angular ratio (C-DAR) serves as a predictor for progression to surgical magnitude in patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) treated with thoracolumbar sacral orthosis (TLSO).

Methods: Patients with AIS, prescribed a full-time TLSO, Cobb angle 20-40°, Risser 0-2, who wore the brace ≥ 12.9 h and reached skeletal maturity/surgery were included retrospectively.

Pulmonary function in patients with idiopathic scoliosis 40 years after diagnosis.

Background Context: Pulmonary function in patients with scoliosis has been a topic of concern, with some reports of markedly decreased ventilatory function leading to disability and increased mortality in patients with severe scoliosis. Only limited data is available concerning pulmonary function in adult patients with scoliosis.

Purpose: To report the long-term pulmonary function (PF) in patients diagnosed with idiopathic scoliosis (IS) compared with an age-matched population using extended pulmonary function testing (EPFT).

Opioid Use Prior to Adult Spine Deformity Correction Surgery is Associated With Worse Pre- and Postoperative Back Pain and Prolonged Opioid Demands.

Study Design: Prospective multicenter database post-hoc analysis.

Objectives: Opioids are frequently prescribed for painful spinal conditions to provide pain relief and to allow for functional improvement, both before and after spine surgery. Amidst a current opioid epidemic, it is important for providers to understand the impact of opioid use and its relationship with patient-reported outcomes.

Using Electric Stimulation of the Spinal Muscles and Electromyography during Motor Tasks for Evaluation of the Role in Development and Progression of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

: The role of the spinal muscles in scoliogenesis is not fully substantiated. Do they act scoliogenic (inducing scoliosis) or counteract scoliosis in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS)? In this study, we will examine this by using selectively placed Transcutaneous Electric Stimulation (TES) combined with a cinematic radiographic technique and by performing electromyographic (EMG) evaluations during various motor tasks. : This is a cross-sectional study of subjects with small-curve AIS.

The effect of Providence night-time bracing on the sagittal profile in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Purpose: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is characterized by coronal scoliosis and often a sagittal hypokyphosis. The effect of bracing on the sagittal profile is not well understood. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of night-time bracing on the sagittal profile in patients with AIS.

Carbon Instrumentation in Patients with Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression.

Recently carbon spinal implants have been introduced in the treatment of patients with metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC). This is expected to decrease the deflection of radiation and improve diagnostic imaging and radiotherapy when compared to titanium implants. The aim of this study was to determine the safety and effectiveness of spinal carbon instrumentation (CI) in patients with MSCC in a large cohort study.

The influence of night-time bracing on curve progression is not affected by curve magnitude in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a study of 299 patients.

Background And Purpose: The efficacy of bracing larger curves in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients is uncertain. We aimed to assess the influence of night-time bracing in AIS patients with main curves exceeding 40° Cobb angle at brace initiation.

Methods: We reviewed AIS patients treated with nighttime braces between 2005 and 2018.

Postoperative lordosis distribution index, patient reported outcome measures, and revision surgery following transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.

Objective: Lordosis Distribution Index (LDI) is a new radiographic parameter associated with postoperative residual symptoms in patients undergoing Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF). Recently, it has been applied on patients undergoing instrumented spine surgery, however not correlated to Patient Related Outcome Measures (PROMs). This study investigates whether the obtained the postoperative LDI after TLIF surgery correlates with the clinical outcome measured with PROMs.

Demineralized cortical fibers are associated with a low pseudarthrosis rate in patients undergoing surgery for adult spinal deformity without three-column osteotomy.

Introduction: Following surgical treatment for adult spinal deformity (ASD) there is an increased risk of revision surgery due to mechanical failure or pseudarthrosis. Demineralized cortical fibers (DCF) were introduced at our institution aiming to reduce the risk of pseudarthrosis after ASD surgery.

Research Question: We wanted to investigate the effect of DCF on postoperative pseudarthrosis compared with allogenic bone graft in ASD surgery without three-column osteotomies (3CO).

Does Risser stage accurately predict the risk of curve progression in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis treated with night-time bracing?

Purpose: Risser stage is widely used as a marker for skeletal maturity (SM) and thereby an indirect measure for the risk of progression of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). The Scoliosis Research Society recommends bracing for Risser stages 0-2 as Risser stage 3 or above is considered low risk. Very few studies have assessed the risk of progression during bracing in Risser stages 3-4.

Independent Prognostic Factors Associated With Improved Patient-Reported Outcomes in the Prospective Evaluation of Elderly Deformity Surgery (PEEDS) Study.

Study Design: Prospective, multicenter, international, observational study.

Objective: Identify independent prognostic factors associated with achieving the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) among adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients ≥60 years of age undergoing primary reconstructive surgery.

Methods: Patients ≥60 years undergoing primary spinal deformity surgery having ≥5 levels fused were recruited for this study.

The Influence of Multilevel Spinal Deformity Surgery on the EuroQol 5 Dimensions' (EQ-5D) Questionnaire and Residential Status in the Elderly: A Prospective, Observational, Multicenter Study.

Study Design: Multicenter, international prospective study.

Objective: This study investigated the clinical outcome up to 2 years after multi-level spinal deformity surgery in the elderly by reporting the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of EuroQol 5-dimensions (EQ-5D), EQ-VAS, and residential status.

Methods: As an ancillary study of 219 patients ≥60 years with spinal deformity undergoing primary instrumented fusion surgery of ≥5 levels, this study focuses on EQ-5D (3-L) as the primary outcome and EQ-VAS and residential status as secondary outcomes.

Health-related quality of life in patients 40 years after diagnosis of an idiopathic scoliosis.

Aims: Only a few studies have investigated the long-term health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with an idiopathic scoliosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the overall HRQoL and employment status of patients with an idiopathic scoliosis 40 years after diagnosis, to compare it with that of the normal population, and to identify possible predictors for a better long-term HRQoL.

Methods: We reviewed the full medical records and radiological reports of patients referred to our hospital with a scoliosis of childhood between April 1972 and April 1982.