Awareness of the association between obesity and peri-operative risk among newly diagnosed patients with complex atypical hyperplasia and endometrial cancer.

Objectives: To evaluate knowledge of obesity-related peri-operative risks in with women newly diagnosed complex atypical hyperplasia and endometrial cancer.

Methods: Cross sectional study of patients newly diagnosed with complex atypical hyperplasia or endometrial cancer who underwent preoperative counseling between 2011 and 2014, using a 17-item questionnaire. Obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or greater.

Polyphenol-rich blackcurrant extract exerts hypocholesterolaemic and hypoglycaemic effects in mice fed a diet containing high fat and cholesterol.

Obesity is associated with an increased risk of metabolic abnormalities, such as hyperlipidaemia and hyperglycaemia. We investigated whether polyphenol-rich blackcurrant extract (BCE) can prevent high fat/high cholesterol (HF/HC) diet-induced metabolic disturbances in mice. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a modified AIN-93M diet containing HF/HC (16% fat, 0·25% cholesterol, w/w) or the same diet supplemented with 0·1% BCE (w/w) for 12 weeks.

Polyphenol-rich blackcurrant extract prevents inflammation in diet-induced obese mice.

Obesity is closely associated with chronic, low-grade inflammation. We investigated if polyphenol-rich blackcurrant extract (BCE) can prevent inflammation in vivo. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a modified AIN-93M control diet containing high fat/high cholesterol (16% fat, 0.

Meeting needs of Muslim girls in school sport: case studies exploring cultural and religious diversity.

This paper contains a sociocultural analysis of school sport experiences of Muslim girls in two countries with different gender policies in physical education (PE) classes: England and Denmark. In Denmark, PE lessons take place in co-educative classes, in England schools are more diverse, with predominantly co-educational but also single-sex and faith schools offering different learning contexts. Two case studies from Denmark and England are used to explore the experiences of migrant Muslim girls in these different settings.

BAG-1L promotes keratinocyte differentiation in organotypic culture models and changes in relative BAG-1 isoform abundance may lead to defective stratification.

In keratinocytes the human Bag-1 gene produces three different protein isoforms from a single messenger RNA, BAG-1L, BAG-1M and BAG-1S. In this study we questioned whether BAG-1L or the shorter isoforms would promote keratinocyte differentiation in organotypic cultures of HaCaT. HaCaT parental and vector cells showed stratification, but terminal differentiation was not complete.

The use of environmental, health and safety research in nanotechnology research.

Environmental, health, and safety (EHS) concerns are receiving considerable attention in nanoscience and nanotechnology (nano) research and development (R&D). Policymakers and others have urged that research on nano's EHS implications be developed alongside scientific research in the nano domain rather than subsequent to applications. This concurrent perspective suggests the importance of early understanding and measurement of the diffusion of nano EHS research.

Pelvic exenteration in gynecologic oncology: a single institution study over 20 years.

Objective: The profile of women with gynecologic malignancies treated with pelvic exenteration has changed since the initial description of this procedure. We sought to evaluate our experience with pelvic exenteration over the last 20 years.

Methods: Patients who underwent anterior, posterior, or total pelvic exenteration for vulvar, vaginal, and cervical cancer at Barnes-Jewish Hospital between January 1, 1990 and August 1, 2009 were identified through hospital databases.

Strategies for quantifying C(60) fullerenes in environmental and biological samples and implications for studies in environmental health and ecotoxicology.

Fullerenes are sphere-like molecules with unique physico-chemical properties, which render them of particular interest in biomedical research, consumer products and industrial applications. Human and environmental exposure to fullerenes is not a new phenomenon, due to a long history of hydrocarbon-combustion sources, and will only increase in the future, as incorporation of fullerenes into consumer products becomes more widespread for use as anti-aging, anti-bacterial or anti-apoptotic agents.An essential step in the determination of biological effects of fullerenes (and their surface-functionalized derivatives) is establishment of exposure-assessment techniques.

Detection of fullerenes (C60 and C70) in commercial cosmetics.

Detection methods are necessary to quantify fullerenes in commercial applications to provide potential exposure levels for future risk assessments of fullerene technologies. The fullerene concentrations of five cosmetic products were evaluated using liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry to separate and specifically detect C60 and C70 from interfering cosmetic substances (e.g.

The release of nanosilver from consumer products used in the home.

Nanosilver has become one of the most widely used nanomaterials in consumer products because of its antimicrobial properties. Public concern over the potential adverse effects of nanosilver's environmental release has prompted discussion of federal regulation. In this paper, we assess several classes of consumer products for their silver content and potential to release nanosilver into water, air, or soil.

Inferior vena cava filter placement in the gynecologic oncology patient: A 15-year institutional experience.

Objective: Venous thrombosis is a frequent complication of gynecologic cancer. Data regarding the use of inferior vena cava (IVC) filters in this population is limited. The aim of this study was to review our experience with gynecologic oncology patients who received an IVC filter, specifically to evaluate indications for filter placement and survival outcomes.

Evaluation of extraction methods for quantification of aqueous fullerenes in urine.

There is a growing concern about the human and environmental health effects of fullerenes (e.g., C(60)) due to their increasing application in research, medicine, and industry.

Titanium nanomaterial removal and release from wastewater treatment plants.

Titanium (Ti) occurs naturally in soils and as highly purified titanium dioxide (Ti5O2) in many commercial products that have been used for decades. We report for the first time the occurrence, characterization, and removal of nano- and larger-sized Ti at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). At one WWTP studied in detail, raw sewage contained 100 to nearly 3000 microg TVL Ti larger than 0.

Upregulation of Eps8 in oral squamous cell carcinoma promotes cell migration and invasion through integrin-dependent Rac1 activation.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a lethal disease and early death usually occurs as a result of local invasion and regional lymph node metastases. Current treatment regimens are, to a certain degree, inadequate, with a 5-year mortality rate of around 50% and novel therapeutic targets are urgently required. Using expression microarrays, we identified the eps8 gene as being overexpressed in OSCC cell lines relative to normal oral keratinocytes, and confirmed these findings using RT-PCR and western blotting.

Nanoparticle silver released into water from commercially available sock fabrics.

Manufacturers of clothing articles employ nanosilver (n-Ag) as an antimicrobial agent, but the environmental impacts of n-Ag release from commercial products are unknown. The quantity and form of the nanomaterials released from consumer products should be determined to assess the environmental risks of nanotechnology. This paper investigates silver released from commercial clothing (socks) into water, and its fate in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs).

Cell transplantation, myelin repair, and multiple sclerosis.

A decade ago, therapeutic strategies to remyelinate the CNS in diseases such as multiple sclerosis had much experimental appeal, but translation of laboratory success into clinical treatments appeared to be a long way off. Within the past 12 months, however, the first patients with multiple sclerosis have received intracerebral implants of autologous myelinating cells. Here we review the clinical and biological problems presented by multiple sclerosis disease processes, and the background to the development of myelin-repair strategies.

Glial cells as targets for cytotoxic immune mediators.

Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells are the glia principally responsible for the synthesis and maintenance of myelin. Damage may occur to these cells in a number of conditions, but perhaps the most studied are the idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases, multiple sclerosis in the CNS, and Guillain-Barré syndrome and its variants in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). This article explores the effects on these cells of cytotoxic immunological and inflammatory mediators: similarities are revealed, of which perhaps the most important is the sensitivity of both Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes to many such agents.

Mortality of United Kingdom acrylonitrile workers--an extended and updated study.

The mortality experience of 2763 men employed between 1950 and 1978 for at least 1 year at 6 factories involved in the polymerization of acrylonitrile and the spinning of acrylic fiber was followed to the end of 1991. Overall, cancer deaths did not exceed the expected numbers. There were, however, excess cancer deaths among the workers in the jobs more highly exposed to acrylonitrile.

Exposure to dioxin and nonneoplastic mortality in the expanded IARC international cohort study of phenoxy herbicide and chlorophenol production workers and sprayers.

The authors studied noncancer mortality among phenoxyacid herbicide and chlorophenol production workers and sprayers included in an international study comprising 36 cohorts from 12 countries followed from 1939 to 1992. Exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin or higher chlorinated dioxins (TCDD/HCD) was discerned from job records and company questionnaires with validation by biologic and environmental measures. Standard mortality ratio analyses suggested a moderate healthy worker effect for all circulatory diseases, especially ischemic heart disease, among both those exposed and those not exposed to TCDD/HCD.

Cancer mortality in workers exposed to phenoxy herbicides, chlorophenols, and dioxins. An expanded and updated international cohort study.

The authors examined cancer mortality in a historical cohort study of 21,863 male and female workers in 36 cohorts exposed to phenoxy herbicides, chlorophenols, and dioxins in 12 countries. Subjects in this updated and expanded multinational study coordinated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer were followed from 1939 to 1992. Exposure was reconstructed using job records, company exposure questionnaires, and serum and adipose tissue dioxin levels.

Byssinosis in the cotton waste industry.

A cross-sectional survey was carried out on 772 workers in 27 mills in the North of England involved in the processing of cotton waste. The overall prevalence of byssinosis as defined by Schilling's criteria was 9.8 per cent with 5.

Comparison of lung cancer incidence rates by histological type in high and low incidence countries, with reference to the limited role of smoking.

To find a clue to lung cancer etiology in Japan, differences in the pattern of lung cancer histology and related time trends between Osaka, Japan, and the North West Region of England were investigated. Material comprised all incident lung cancer cases registered in both regional registries (14,521 in the Osaka Cancer Registry and 29,859 in the North West Regional Cancer Registry). (1) The age-standardized incidence rate of lung cancer was higher in the North West Region than in Osaka (80.