Students' approaches to learning (SALs): Validation and psychometric properties of a tool measurement.

Background: Deep learning is an important outcome of the higher education and is mostly determined by students' approaches to learning (SALs). The latest version of the Study Process Questionnaire (SPQ) is one of the most used instruments assessing SALs. Many studies from various contexts have either validated or used this famous tool.

A proposed architectural learner model for a personalized learning environment.

Nowadays, the need for e-learning is amplified, especially after the Covid-19 pandemic. E-learning platforms present a solution for the continuity of the learning process. Learners are using different platforms and tools for learning.

Toxicological Evaluation of the Aqueous Extract of and Its Immunomodulatory and Inflammatory Activities.

Background: (CE) has been studied for its chemical constituents, and no information is available on its toxicity or its pharmacological activities.

Objective: To determine the toxicity of an aqueous extract of CE stems and after acute and subchronic oral gavages in Swiss albino's mice and its immunomodulatory and inflammatory activities.

Materials And Methods: The extract was administrated in single oral dose at 5 g/kg body weight for the acute toxicity test and by gavages daily at doses of 1, 2.

Infectious aneurysm of the two primary iliac arteries: rare localization of Salmonella typhimurium infection.

Infectious aneurysm is a severe entity of the aneurysmal pathology, due essentially to a bacterial agent. The most frequently implicated organisms are salmonella and staphylococci. We report the case of an infectious aneurysm of the two primitive iliac arteries with Salmonella typhimurium in a 70-year-old man.

[Splenectomy in hematologic diseases. A study of 70 cases].

The aim of this work was to report our own clinical experience and to compare it our results with those already published. This is a retrospective study of 70 splenectomies performed for hematologic diseases at the service des urgences viscerales of Ibn Rochd teaching hospital of Casablanca, between 1996 and 2001. The study included 70 patients.

Apoptotic mitochondrial pathway in neurones and astrocytes after neonatal hypoxia-ischaemia in the rat brain.

Neuronal apoptosis plays an essential role in early brain development and contributes to secondary neuronal loss after acute ischaemia. Recent studies have provided evidence that caspase-3 is an important downstream event after hypoxia-ischaemia in the immature brain, but a minor event in the adult brain. Our investigations have focused on cell populations that expressed apoptotic effectors in the enzymatic death pathway including cytochrome c, caspase-9 and caspase-3.

[Cystic lymphangiomas of the mesentery and the epiploon. About two cases].

Two cases of cystic lymphangiomas of the mesentery and the epiploon are hereby related. The authors underline the following points: first, the rarity of these tumors along with the absence of significant clinical features makes the differential diagnosis with ovary tumors a difficult task. Second, although abdominal ultra sonography, completed by CT scan, allows the hypothesis of lymphangioma, only histological examination will confirm the diagnosis.

Distribution of Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and cell death after cerebral ischemia in the neonatal rat.

The nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a key component of molecular mechanisms leading to cell death or survival after an ischemic insult. Oxidative stress damages DNA, and breaks in the DNA strands activate PARP enzyme, leading to poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of nuclear proteins. In this study, we investigated PARP activation using immunodetection of PAR polymers in the brain of neonatal rat pups subjected to unilateral focal ischemia with reperfusion.

Induction of cell death in rat brain by a gliotoxic factor from cerebrospinal fluid in multiple sclerosis.

The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients contains a 17 kDa glycoproteic factor with gliotoxic properties in vitro. In order to study the physiopathological role of this gliotoxic factor in vivo, we have injected a partially purified preparation and appropriate controls in rat CSF and investigated whether it induces cell death in the rat central nervous system (CNS), 10 days and 3 months after injection. We used the TUNEL assay in association with specific immunohistochemistry to characterize dying cells in the gliotoxic factor- treated rat CNS.

Poly(ADP-ribose) synthase inhibition reduces ischemic injury and inflammation in neonatal rat brain.

Poly(ADP-ribose) synthase (PARS), an abundant nuclear protein, has been described as an important candidate for mediation of neurotoxicity by nitric oxide. However, in cerebral ischemia, excessive PARS activation may lead to energy depletion and exacerbation of neuronal damage. We examined the effect of inhibiting PARS on the (a) degree of cerebral injury, (b) process of inflammatory responses, and (c) functional outcomes in a neonatal rat model of focal ischemia.

Inflammatory responses in the cerebral cortex after ischemia in the P7 neonatal Rat.

Background And Purpose: The contribution of inflammatory response to the pathogenesis of ischemic lesions in the neonate is still uncertain. This study described the chronological sequence of inflammatory changes that follow cerebral ischemia with reperfusion in the neonatal P7 rat.

Methods: P7 rats underwent left middle cerebral artery electrocoagulation associated with 1-hour left common carotid artery occlusion.

Case report: DNA fragmentation in glial cells in a cerebral biopsy from a multiple sclerosis patient.

Multiple sclerosis is characterized by myelin destruction and oligodendrocyte loss. The neuropathological hallmark of the disease is the presence of demyelinated plaques in the central nervous system. We have recently found a gliotoxic factor in MS cerebrospinal fluid which induces programmed cell death in vitro, in glial cells.

Regulation of apoptosis-associated proteins in cell death following transient focal ischemia in rat pups.

Apoptosis is a process whereby developmental or environmental stimuli activate a genetic programme to execute a specific series of events that culminate in the death and efficient disposal of a cell. Although a series of recent data suggested that neuronal death following cerebral ischemia occurs through an apoptotic pathway, additional work is needed to establish the existence of a causal relationship between gene expression and DNA breaks in neuronal death. We investigate the role of p53 and Bax proteins in the induction of apoptosis induced by a new transient focal ischemia model in the rat pup.

[Gliotoxic factor and multiple sclerosis].

Multiple sclerosis in a disease of the central nervous system characterized by perivascular and periventricular lesions of the myelin and immune cell infiltrates and increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier. We have found a cytotoxic factor of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specific for multiple sclerosis patients which has 2 main characteristic effects in vitro on primary or immortalized astrocyte cultures: (1) disruption of the gliofilament network of the cells; and (2) apoptotic cell death induction. Moreover, in vivo, intraventricular injections of minute amounts of partially purified gliotoxic factor in adult rats have striking effects on both the morphology and general organization of astrocytes in the entire brain and the permeability characteristics of the blood brain barrier, which becomes leaky to immunoglobulins.