Ethanolic Fruit Extract of Piper Retrofractum Induced Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis, Increased Reactive Oxygen Species Production, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Human Cervical Cancer.

Cervical cancer remains a significant global health challenge, with high mortality rates and a pressing need for more effective therapeutic options. This study investigates the effects of an ethanolic extract from the fruit of Piper retrofractum (PR) on proliferation and apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. We evaluated the cytotoxicity of the crude ethanolic extract of PR using the sulforhodamine B and colony formation assay.

Antioxidant, Apoptotic, and Wound Healing Effects of Xantolis Cambodiana Extracts in Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts.

Xantolis cambodiana has demonstrated significant antioxidant properties; however, the mechanisms underlying its protective effects against oxidative stress in cellular systems remain unexplored. This work investigated the efficacy of methanolic extracts in exhibiting oxidative damage and examined their mechanisms. The methanolic extract had a high phenolic content (116.

Microwave Sensor for the Determination of DMSO Concentration in Water-DMSO Binary Mixture.

This research aims to develop a microwave sensor to accurately measure the concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in water-DMSO binary mixtures. The proposed sensor will utilize microwave frequency measurements to determine the DMSO concentration, providing a non-invasive and efficient method for analyzing DMSO solutions. The research will involve the design, fabrication, and testing of the sensor, as well as the development of an appropriate calibration model.

Reactogenicity and immunogenicity of the intradermal administration of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in healthy adults who were primed with an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.

Because of the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), safe and effective vaccines are urgently required. The shortage of effective vaccines is a major challenge in many developing countries. We studied intradermal (ID) fractional dose BNT162b2 mRNA (Comirnaty®, Pfizer-BioNTech) as a booster dose in healthy adults who were previously immunized with an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.

The seed extract of Oroxylum indicum suppresses cell proliferation, migration and promotes apoptosis in cervical cancer cells.

The herb Oroxylum indicum has been used for treating several diseases and also has anticancer activity. This research examined the anticancer effects of ethanolic extract of O. indicum seeds on HeLa cervical cancer cells and investigates underlying mechanisms.

Effect of cold plasma and elicitors on bioactive contents, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of Thai rat-tailed radish microgreens.

Background: Raphanus sativus var. caudatus or Thai rat-tailed radish (RTR) contains glucosinolates and isothiocyanates with chemopreventive effects; however, only mature plants have been investigated to date. Thus, the present study aimed to determine isothiocyanates, phenolic compounds and flavonoid compounds, antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity, and antiproliferative activity of RTR microgreens grown from seeds treated with cold plasma (21 kV for 5 min), organic elicitor (160 mmol L NaCl, 10 mmol L CaCl or 176 mmol L sucrose) or both in combination.

Inhibition of cell proliferation and migration by extracts on breast cancer cells via Rac1 modulation.

In this study, we investigated how leaf and fruit extracts affect the viability and migration of MCF-7 breast cancer cells and the mechanisms of action responsible for these effects. MCF-7 cells treated with the extracts were examined using the sulforhodamine B, colony formation and caspase 3 activity assays, and by Western blotting. extracts were found to inhibit MCF-7 cell growth in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, with 48 h IC values of 57.

Comparative Study on the Effect of Aqueous and Ethanolic Mycelial Extracts from Polycephalomyces nipponicus (Ascomycetes) against Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells.

Recently, the entomopathogenic fungus Polycephalomyces nipponicus has been determined to be a prolific producer of bioactive compounds that have both antibacterial and antimarial activities, but the anticancer effects of the mycelial extracts have not been well studied. The present study investigates the effects and mechanisms of action of P. nipponicus extracts that are responsible for cell death in the human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line.

Inhibition of growth and migration of cholangiocarcinoma cells by pamidronate.

Pamidronate has been hypothesized to effectively inhibit cancer cell growth and metastasis in bone tissue. Furthermore, pamidronate (Pami) exerts various direct effects against several cancer cell types, including growth and migration. The present study aimed to determine the underlying mechanism of Pami's effect on the proliferation and migration of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells.

Antiproliferative and antimigratory activities of bisphosphonates in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7.

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are antiresorptive drugs that act as effective inhibitors of cancer cell proliferation. However, not all bisphosphonates are equally effective against breast cancer cells . The present study investigated the extent to which three BPs decrease the viability of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, stimulate cell apoptosis and inhibit cell migration by modulating proteins in the mevalonate pathway.

Oroxylum indicum (L.) extract protects human neuroblastoma SH‑SY5Y cells against β‑amyloid‑induced cell injury.

It has been reported that amyloid β peptide, the major component of senile plaques, serves a critical role in the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of Oroxylum indicum (L.) extract against Aβ25‑35‑induced oxidative stress and cell injury using SH‑SY5Y cells as a model, and at exploring the underlying mechanisms.

Identification of ortho-hydroxy anilide as a novel scaffold for lysine demethylase 5 inhibitors.

Fe(II)/α-ketoglutarate-dependent lysine demethylases (KDMs) are attractive drug targets for several diseases including cancer. In this study, we designed and screened ortho-substituted anilides that are expected to function as Fe(II) chelators, and identified ortho-hydroxy anilide as a novel scaffold for KDM5A inhibitors. Treatment of human lung cancer A549 cells with a prodrug form of 4-carboxy-2-hydroxy-formanilide (9c) increased trimethylated lysine 4 on histone H3 level, suggesting KDM5 inhibition in the cells.

Evaluation of Antibacterial and Anticancer Activities of the Medicinal Fungus Ophiocordyceps sobolifera (Ascomycetes) from Thailand.

Eleven strains of an entomopathogenic fungus, isolated and identified as Ophiocordyceps sobolifera, were screened for activity against 5 strains of Gram-negative and 5 strains of Gram-positive bacteria. Four of the isolates, Cod-KK1634, Cod-KK1643, Cod-KS1601, and Cod-SN1626, had activity against the test strains of Grampositive bacteria. Of these 4 extracts, the Cod-KK1643 extract had the lowest minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations.

Simvastatin potentiates doxorubicin activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

Simvastatin is a low density lipoprotein-lowering drug that is widely used to prevent and treat cardiovascular disease by inhibiting the mevalonate pathway. Simvastatin also exhibits inhibitory effects on a number of types of cancer. In the present study, the effects of simvastatin on the activity of doxorubicin in the breast cancer MCF-7 cell line, and the mechanisms by which this interaction occurs were investigated.

Cytotoxic and antimigratory effects of extract against HepG2 liver cancer cells.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying (CF) Dyer-induced cancer cell death and antimigratory effects in HepG2 liver cancer cells. The cytotoxic, antiproliferative and antimigratory effects of CF leaf extract on human liver cancer HepG2 cell lines were evaluated using sulforhodamine B, colony formation, and wound healing assays. In addition, apoptosis induction mechanisms were investigated via reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, caspase 3 activities, and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) disruption.

Cratoxy formosum leaf extract inhibits proliferation and migration of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells.

In this study we investigated how Cratoxy formosum (CF) leaf extract affects the viability and migration of human breast cancer cells including the mechanism(s) responsible. Our results showed that CF leaf extract strongly induced MCF-7 cell death in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, with IC values of 85.70±4.

Effects of Ethyl Acetate Extracts from the Polycephalomyces nipponicus Isolate Cod-MK1201 (Ascomycetes) against Human Pathogenic Bacteria and a Breast Cancer Cell Line.

This study aimed to identify a suitable organic solvent for extracting bioactive compounds from Polycephalomyces nipponicus and to evaluate the antibacterial and anticancer activities of the extracts obtained. Only extracts obtained with ethyl acetate exhibited antibacterial activity, so ethyl acetate was chosen for large-scale extraction. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against Gram-positive and Gram-negative human pathogenic bacteria of the 3 ethyl acetate-derived extracts-ethyl acetate extract from P.

Simvastatin and atorvastatin as inhibitors of proliferation and inducers of apoptosis in human cholangiocarcinoma cells.

Aims: In this study, we investigated whether statins induce human cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell death and apoptosis, and examined the mechanism by which statins act on cells.

Main Methods: Four CCA cell lines, KKU-100, KKU-M055, KKU-M214, and KKU-M156 CCA cell lines were examined for HMGCR mRNA expression by the RT-PCR method. Two CCA cell lines, with low and high HMGCR mRNA expression, were used to evaluate the sensitivity to two statins, simvastatin and atorvastatin.

Cytoprotective effects of ferritin on doxorubicin-induced breast cancer cell death.

Ferritin is a major iron storage protein and essential for iron homeostasis. It has a wide range of functions in the body including iron delivery, immunosuppression, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation. Ferritin is overexpressed in many cancer cells, but its precise role in cancer is unclear.

Crucial role of heme oxygenase-1 on the sensitivity of cholangiocarcinoma cells to chemotherapeutic agents.

Cancer cells acquire drug resistance via various mechanisms including enhanced cellular cytoprotective and antioxidant activities. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a key enzyme exerting potent cytoprotection, cell proliferation and drug resistance. We aimed to investigate roles of HO-1 in human cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells for cytoprotection against chemotherapeutic agents.

NQO1 expression correlates with cholangiocarcinoma prognosis.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare type of liver cancer with a very poor prognosis. The prevalence of CCA is markedly variable with the highest incidence in the northeast Thailand, followed by other parts of Southeast Asia and China. Currently, there is still no reliable biomarker for diagnosis or treatment.

Redox modulation and human bile duct cancer inhibition by curcumin.

Curcumin, a major component from tumeric and well-known dietary spice, possesses various pharmacological effects. The cancer chemoprevention effect is suggested to act through its pro-oxidant property. The study was to clarify effects of curcumin on cholangiocarcinoma cells, a cancer of the bile duct that refractory to chemotherapeutic drugs.

Dicoumarol enhances gemcitabine-induced cytotoxicity in high NQO1-expressing cholangiocarcinoma cells.

Aim: To investigate whether dicoumarol, a potent inhibitor of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1), potentiates gemcitabine to induce cytotoxicity in cholangiocarcinoma cells (CCA) and the role of reactive oxygen generation in sensitizing the cells.

Methods: Four human cell lines with different NQO1 activity were used; the human CCA cell lines, KKU-100, KKU-OCA17, KKU-M214, and Chang liver cells. NQO1 activity and mRNA expression were determined.

Inflammatory cytokines suppress NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 and induce oxidative stress in cholangiocarcinoma cells.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of inflammation on NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1), the xenobiotic metabolizing and antioxidant enzyme protecting cells against electrophiles and reactive oxygen species in biliary cancer (cholangiocarcinoma) cells.

Methods: Human cholangiocarcinoma cell line, KKU-OCA17 and HeLa Chang liver cells were treated with inflammatory cytokine combinations (interferon-gamma, interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) for 48 h before NQO1 activity was assayed. Oxidant status was examined by assays of formation of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide, and glutathione (GSH) levels.

Inflammatory cytokines suppress arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 in cholangiocarcinoma cells.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of inflammatory cytokines on arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1), which is a phase-II enzyme involved in the biotransformation of aromatic and heterocyclic amines found in food, drugs and the environment.

Methods: Human cholangiocarcinoma KKU-100 cells were treated with a mixture of proinflammatory cytokines (interferon-gamma, interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) for 48 h, and the effect on NAT1 activity was assessed by high performance liquid chromatography, while NAT1 expression was determined by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. The oxidative stress on the cells was examined by the formation of nitric oxide, superoxide anion and glutathione (GSH) levels.