Publications by authors named "Benjamin Y Arnold"
Article Synopsis
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors, a type of cancer treatment, can cause serious side effects, including immune-related myocarditis (irMyocarditis), which can be fatal.
- Researchers studied immune responses in the heart, tumor, and blood of 28 patients with irMyocarditis using advanced techniques like single-cell RNA sequencing and T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing.
- Their findings showed an increase in certain immune cells in the heart tissue of irMyocarditis patients and identified specific TCR clones associated with severe cases, shedding light on the disease's biology and potential biomarkers.
Article Synopsis
- - Pregnancy may worsen the severity of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory infections, but the reasons behind this increased risk are not well understood.
- - A study involving 226 women, including 152 pregnant and 74 non-pregnant, showed that pregnant women experience significant changes in T cell responses and immune functions after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- - The study found increased levels of interleukin-27 in pregnant women, which is linked to T cell exhaustion, suggesting that unique immune responses during pregnancy could make them more vulnerable to viral infections.
Article Synopsis
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has significantly advanced cancer treatment but is often complicated by immune-related adverse events like checkpoint inhibitor colitis (irColitis).
- A study profiling around 300,000 cells from patients with irColitis uncovered key immune cell expansions and molecular changes in the colon mucosa and blood, highlighting the complexity of the condition.
- Findings indicate that specific T cells and epithelial interactions are crucial for understanding irColitis and may lead to new therapeutic approaches for managing this side effect of ICI therapy.
Pregnancy is a risk factor for increased severity of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory infections. The mechanisms underlying this risk have not been well-established, partly due to a limited understanding of how pregnancy shapes immune responses. To gain insight into the role of pregnancy in modulating immune responses at steady state and upon perturbation, we collected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), plasma, and stool from 226 women, including 152 pregnant individuals (n = 96 with SARS-CoV-2 infection and n = 56 healthy controls) and 74 non-pregnant women (n = 55 with SARS-CoV-2 and n = 19 healthy controls).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLyme disease is caused by the bacterial pathogen , which can be readily modeled in laboratory mice. In order to understand the cellular and transcriptional changes that occur during infection, we conducted single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of ankle joints of infected C57BL/6 mice over time. We found that macrophages/monocytes, T cells, synoviocytes and fibroblasts all showed significant differences in gene expression of both inflammatory and non-inflammatory genes that peaked early and returned to baseline before the typical resolution of arthritis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can lead to serious immune-related adverse events (irAEs), with ICI-related myocarditis (irMyocarditis) being particularly dangerous and the most lethal among these events.
- Researchers explored immune responses in the heart, tumors, and blood of 28 patients with irMyocarditis compared to 23 controls, using advanced techniques like single-cell RNA sequencing and proteomics.
- Key findings revealed a unique presence of specific immune cells in irMyocarditis heart tissue, distinct T cell responses in heart vs. tumor, and identified novel biomarkers related to fatality that could inform future therapies.