Impact of Comorbid Personality Disorder on the Risk of Involuntary Hospitalization in Patients Referred for Urgent Forensic Assessment: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background/objectives: In Belgium, involuntary psychiatric hospitalization is authorized in the presence of certain criteria governed by the law relating to the protection of the mentally ill. The number of involuntary hospitalizations has been increasing continuously in recent years. Since personality disorders are frequent comorbidities in involuntarily hospitalized patients, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential role played by comorbid personality disorders in the decisions about involuntary hospitalization made during urgent forensic assessment.

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness in Hypertensive Patients: The Role of Major Depressive Disorder.

There is a special relationship between major depressive disorder and excessive daytime sleepiness. However, given the negative impact of excessive daytime sleepiness on life quality and cardiovascular outcome in hypertensive patients, the objective of this study was to investigate the potential role played by major depressive disorder in the occurrence of this complaint for this particular subpopulation. Data from 1404 hypertensive patients recruited from the Sleep Unit's polysomnographic recordings database were analyzed.

Risk of Comorbid Insomnia Disorder Associated with Major Depression in Apneic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Given the limitations of available studies, the objective of this study was to explore the role played by current and remitted major depression in the occurrence of comorbid insomnia disorder for apneic patients. Data from 1488 apneic patients were extracted from the medical reports of polysomnographic recordings available in the database of the Sleep Laboratory. The presence of comorbid insomnia disorder in these apneic patients was defined based on the diagnostic criteria of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine Work Group.

Cardiovascular Outcome in Patients with Major Depression: Role of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome, Insomnia Disorder, and COMISA.

In this study, the 10-year cardiovascular risk associated with comorbid sleep disorders (insomnia disorder, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, and COMISA [comorbid insomnia and sleep apnea]) was investigated for patients with major depression. To enable our analysis, 607 patients with major depression were selected from the data register of the Sleep Unit. High 10-year cardiovascular risk was considered present when the Framingham Risk Score was ≥10%.

Impact of Intermittent Hypoxia Related to Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome on Low-Grade Inflammation in Hypertensive Patients: Potential Implications for Cardiovascular Risk.

There is evidence for a particular relationship between low-grade inflammation (LGI) and intermittent hypoxia (IH) related to obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). However, despite the potential deleterious cardiovascular consequences associated with this LGI in hypertensive patients, few studies have investigated the impact of IH related to OSAS on CRP levels in this subpopulation. In total, 1404 hypertensive patients were selected retrospectively from the Sleep Laboratory database.

10-Year Risk for Cardiovascular Disease Associated with COMISA (Co-Morbid Insomnia and Sleep Apnea) in Hypertensive Subjects.

Due to the few studies available, this study aimed to investigate the 10-year risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) associated with COMISA (co-morbid insomnia and sleep apnea) in hypertensive subjects. Clinical data of 1009 hypertensive subjects extracted from the Sleep Laboratory database were analyzed. Framingham Risk Score ≥ 10% was used as a cut-off to identify hypertensive subjects with high 10-year risk for CVD.

Prevalence and Relationships between Alexithymia, Anhedonia, Depression and Anxiety during the Belgian COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown.

Alexithymia and anhedonia are associated with psychiatric disorders, such as depression and anxiety. The COVID-19 pandemic lead to a significant deterioration in the mental health of the population. It is therefore important to examine the effects of lockdown on alexithymia and anhedonia and their relationships with anxiety and depression.

Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Apnoeic Individuals: Role of Comorbid Insomnia Disorder.

Given the limited data available, the aim of this study was to examine the 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk associated with comorbid insomnia disorder and its specific subtypes in apnoeic individuals. Data from 1104 apnoeic individuals recruited from the database of the Erasme Hospital Sleep Laboratory were analysed. Only apnoeic individuals with a Framingham Risk Score ≥10% were included in the group at moderate-to-high 10-year CVD risk.

Impact of Alexithymia on the Lipid Profile in Major Depressed Individuals.

Background: The cooccurrence of major depression and dyslipidaemia is associated with negative cardiovascular outcome, which seems to justify a better identification of the factors favouring the development of dyslipidaemia in major depressed individuals. In the literature, there are arguments in favour of a special relationship between dyslipidaemia and alexithymia. However, despite a high prevalence of alexithymia in major depressed individuals, no study has investigated the impact of this personality trait on the lipid profile in this particular subpopulation.

The association between type 2 diabetes and major depression in apnoeic individuals.

Unlabelled: Given the few studies available in the literature, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between type 2 diabetes and major depression in a large sample of apnoeic individuals. Demographic and polysomnographic data from 395 apnoeic individuals recruited from the clinical database of the Erasme Hospital Sleep Laboratory were analysed. Only individuals with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes according to the diagnostic criteria of the at admission were included in the "diabetes" group.

The association between type 2 diabetes and anhedonic subtype of major depression in hypertensive individuals.

Given the limited data in the literature, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between type 2 diabetes and anhedonic subtype of major depression in hypertensive individuals. Demographic and polysomnographic data from 323 hypertensive individuals recruited from the database of the Erasme Hospital Sleep Laboratory were analysed. Only individuals with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes according to the diagnostic criteria of the American Diabetes Association at admission were included in the "diabetes group".

Dual dynamics of mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening.

Mitochondria play an essential role in bioenergetics and cellular Ca[Formula: see text] handling. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is a non-specific channel located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Long-lasting openings of the pore allow the rapid passage of ions and large molecules, which can result in cell death.

Cytoplasmic and Mitochondrial Calcium Signaling: A Two-Way Relationship.

Intracellular Ca signals are well organized in all cell types, and trigger a variety of vital physiological processes. The temporal and spatial characteristics of cytosolic Ca increases are mainly governed by the fluxes of this ion across the membrane of the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum and the plasma membrane. However, various Ca transporters also allow for Ca exchanges between the cytoplasm and mitochondria.

Coding and decoding of oscillatory Ca signals.

About 30 years after their first observation, Ca oscillations are now recognised as a universal mechanism of signal transduction. These oscillations are driven by periodic cycles of release and uptake of Ca between the cytoplasm and the endoplasmic reticulum. Their frequency often increases with the level of stimulation, which can be decoded by some molecules.

Modeling-Based Investigation of the Effect of Noise in Cellular Systems.

Noise is pervasive in cellular biology and inevitably affects the dynamics of cellular processes. Biological systems have developed regulatory mechanisms to ensure robustness with respect to noise or to take advantage of stochasticity. We review here, through a couple of selected examples, some insights on possible robustness factors and constructive roles of noise provided by computational modeling.

Mitochondrial Ca dynamics in cells and suspensions.

Mitochondria play a significant role in shaping cytosolic Ca signals. Thus, transfer of Ca across the mitochondrial membrane is much studied, not only in intact cells but also in artificial systems such as mitochondrial suspensions or permeabilised cells. Observed rates of Ca changes vary by at least one order of magnitude.

The type III effector IpgD recodes Ca signals during invasion of epithelial cells.

The role of second messengers in the diversion of cellular processes by pathogens remains poorly studied despite their importance. Among these, Ca virtually regulates all known cell processes, including cytoskeletal reorganization, inflammation, or cell death pathways. Under physiological conditions, cytosolic Ca increases are transient and oscillatory, defining the so-called Ca code that links cell responses to specific Ca oscillatory patterns.

At the cross-point of connexins, calcium, and ATP: blocking hemichannels inhibits vasoconstriction of rat small mesenteric arteries.

Aims: Connexins form gap-junctions (GJs) that directly connect cells, thereby coordinating vascular cell function and controlling vessel diameter and blood flow. GJs are composed of two hemichannels contributed by each of the connecting cells. Hemichannels also exist as non-junctional channels that, when open, lead to the entry/loss of ions and the escape of ATP.

Interplay Between Intracellular Ca(2+) Oscillations and Ca(2+)-stimulated Mitochondrial Metabolism.

Oscillations of cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration are a widespread mode of signalling. Oscillatory spikes rely on repetitive exchanges of Ca(2+) between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the cytosol, due to the regulation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors. Mitochondria also sequester and release Ca(2+), thus affecting Ca(2+) signalling.