Cortical Vision Impairment (CVI)-informed assessment and treatment of challenging behavior in a child with SCN2A-related disorder.

This report presents results of parent-implemented behavioral treatments for a child with cortical visual impairment (CVI), intellectual disability (ID), epilepsy, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) associated with a pathogenic variant in the SCN2A gene (i.e., SCN2A-Related Disorder).

[Free medial sural artery perforator flap for reconstruction of hand defects].

Objective: Defect reconstruction of the hand by means of the free medial sural artery perforator (MSAP) flap.

Indications: Reconstruction of full-thickness defects on the hand with a thin non-bulky flap in cases of exposure of functional structures or in combination with simultaneous osteosynthetic procedures.

Contraindications: Prior surgery at the donor site or progressive peripheral artery occlusive disease.

Association between low total serum testosterone and body mass index in Australian survivors of testicular cancer: a retrospective analysis.

Background: Primary hypogonadism is a recognised complication in survivors of testicular cancer. However, secondary hypogonadism can result from other causes that suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, including obesity, high dose glucocorticoids, chronic end organ failure, and diabetes. The aim of this study was to explore low total serum testosterone in Australian survivors of testicular cancer and examine associations with body mass index, age, and prior chemotherapy use.

Comparison of Glucose Metabolizing Properties of Enterobacterial Probiotic Strains In Vitro.

Before the absorption in the intestine, glucose encounters gut bacteria, which may serve as a barrier against hyperglycemia by metabolizing glucose. In the present study, we compared the capacity of enterobacterial strains to lower glucose levels in an in vitro model of nutrient-induced bacterial growth. Two probiotic strains, () and () , as well as , were studied.

Monitoring Mosquito Abundance: Comparing an Optical Sensor with a Trapping Method.

Optical sensors have shown significant promise in offering additional data to track insect populations. This article presents a comparative study between abundance measurements obtained from a novel near-infrared optical sensor and physical traps. The optical instrument, named an Entomological Bistatic Optical Sensor System, or eBoss, is a non-destructive sensor operating in the near-infrared spectral range and designed to continuously monitor the population of flying insects.

A single-center retrospective comparison of muscle versus cutaneous free flaps for posterior elbow defect reconstruction.

Introduction: Comparative data on free flap outcomes for elbow defect reconstruction are still lacking. This study aimed to compare complication rates of free muscle flaps (MFs) versus cutaneous flaps (CFs) for posterior elbow reconstruction.

Methods: In a single-center retrospective analysis, patients who underwent posterior elbow reconstruction with free MFs and CFs from 2000 to 2021 were analyzed.

The free vastus lateralis-And conjoined vastus lateralis anterolateral thigh/tensor fascia lata flap for oncological chest wall reconstruction.

Introduction: A reconstructive option for extensive chest wall reconstruction is the free myocutaneous vastus lateralis muscle (VL) flap which can be performed in isolation or in conjunction with a fasciocutaneus anterolateral thigh (cVLALT) and/or myofasciocutaneous tensor fascia lata flap (cVLTFL). We aimed to directly compare the outcomes of these reconstructive options.

Methods: Patients who underwent oncological chest wall reconstruction with a free VL, cVLALT, or cVLTFL flap between February 2010 and 2022 were included in this retrospective study.

Pseudoephedrine for ejaculatory dysfunction after retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in testicular cancer.

Objective: To assess the impact of ejaculatory dysfunction (EjD; failure of emission or retrograde ejaculation) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) for testicular cancer and explore the efficacy of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride as treatment.

Patients And Methods: In a single arm, phase II trial, patients at ≥6 months after RPLND were invited to complete patient-reported outcome measures (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer [EORTC] quality of life questionnaire [QLQ]-30-item core, EORTC QLQ-testicular cancer-26, and Brief Male Sexual Function Inventory) evaluating HRQoL and sexual function in follow-up (ACTRN12622000537752/12622000542796). If EjD was reported, post-ejaculatory urine ± semen analysis was undertaken.

Comparison of Robotic vs Open Cystectomy: A Systematic Review.

Background: The benefits of a robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) compared to an open approach is still under debate. Initial data on RARC were from trials where urinary diversion was performed by an extracorporeal approach, which does not represent a completely minimally invasive procedure. There are now updated data for RARC with intracorporeal urinary diversion that add to the evidence profile of RARC.

Resection arthroplasty versus dual mobility prosthesis in the treatment of trapeziometacarpal joint osteoarthritis: A 3 year non-randomized prospective study.

Purpose: Resection arthroplasty (RA) is still the most common surgical intervention for the treatment of symptomatic trapeziometacarpal (TMC) joint osteoarthritis. The implantation of a dual mobility prosthesis may represent a joint function preserving alternative. The aim of the presented study is to prospectively compare the outcomes of RA with dual mobility prosthesis.

Long-Term Dynamics of Serum α-MSH and α-MSH-Binding Immunoglobulins with a Link to Gut Microbiota Composition in Patients with Anorexia Nervosa.

Introduction: Immunoglobulins (Ig) reactive with α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), an anorexigenic neuropeptide, are present in humans and were previously associated with eating disorders. In this longitudinal study involving patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), we determined whether α-MSH in serum is bound to IgG and analyzed long-term dynamics of both α-MSH peptide and α-MSH-reactive Ig in relation to changes in BMI and gut microbiota composition.

Methods: The study included 64 adolescents with a restrictive form of AN, whose serum samples were collected at hospital admission, discharge, and during a 1-year follow-up visit and 41 healthy controls, all females.

Deletion of Hsd11b1 suppresses caloric restriction-induced bone marrow adiposity in male but not female mice.

Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) comprises >10% of total adipose mass in healthy humans. It increases in diverse conditions, including ageing, obesity, osteoporosis, glucocorticoid therapy, and notably, during caloric restriction (CR). BMAT potentially influences skeletal, metabolic, and immune functions, but the mechanisms of BMAT expansion remain poorly understood.

Temperature Dependency of Insect's Wingbeat Frequencies: An Empirical Approach to Temperature Correction.

This study examines the relationship between the wingbeat frequency of flying insects and ambient temperature, leveraging data from over 302,000 insect observations obtained using a near-infrared optical sensor during an eight-month field experiment. By measuring the wingbeat frequency as well as wing and body optical cross-sections of each insect in conjunction with the ambient temperature, we identified five clusters of insects and analyzed how their average wingbeat frequencies evolved over temperatures ranging from 10 °C to 38 °C. Our findings reveal a positive correlation between temperature and wingbeat frequency, with a more pronounced increase observed at higher wingbeat frequencies.

[Modern concepts of interdisciplinary extremity reconstruction in open fractures].

The orthoplastic approach involves the collaboration of orthopedic/trauma surgeons, vascular surgeons and reconstructive microsurgeons. In cases of complex limb fractures, the aims are to optimize blood flow, restore bone stability, reconstruct soft tissue defects, and enhance function and sensitivity. The early administration of antibiotics and a timely, high-quality debridement after initial interdisciplinary assessment are carried out.

The Application of a Synthetic Biodegradable Temporizing Matrix in Extensive Burn Injury: A Unicenter Experience of 175 Cases.

: Addressing extensive and deep burn wounds poses considerable challenges for both patients and surgeons. The NovoSorb Biodegradable Temporizing Matrix (BTM) emerged as a novel dermal substitute and has been subjected to evaluation in large burn wound cases, with a specific focus on identifying risk factors associated with suboptimal take rates. : All patients with burn wounds greater than 10% body surface that underwent BTM treatment between March 2020 and November 2023 were eligible for inclusion.

AML/T cell interactomics uncover correlates of patient outcomes and the key role of ICAM1 in T cell killing of AML.

T cells are important for the control of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a common and often deadly malignancy. We observed that some AML patient samples are resistant to killing by human-engineered cytotoxic CD4 T cells. Single-cell RNA-seq of primary AML samples and CD4 T cells before and after their interaction uncovered transcriptional programs that correlate with AML sensitivity or resistance to CD4 T cell killing.

Engineering and Transplantation of Axially Vascularized and Epithelialized Flaps in Rats.

The arteriovenous loop (AVL) model allows the engineering of axially vascularized flaps, the so-called AVL flaps. Although AVL flaps can be transplanted microsurgically to cover tissue defects, they lack an epithelial layer on the surface. Therefore, the objective of this study was to engineer axially vascularized AVL flaps with an accompanying epithelial layer for local defect reconstruction.

Free Flap Reconstruction of Sternal Defects after Cardiac Surgery: An Algorithmic Approach for Dealing with Sparse Recipient Vessels.

Background: Sparsity of recipient vessels poses a challenge for microsurgical free flap reconstruction of sternal defects following deep sternal wound infection after cardiac surgery.

Methods: From January 2013, a standardized algorithm for dealing with sparse recipient vessels was strictly followed. In this retrospective study including 75 patients, we compared operative details, surgical complications, and reconstructive outcomes of patients treated according to this algorithm (group A: January 2013-May 2021; n = 46) with a historical control group (group B: January 2000-December 2012, n = 29).

Epigenetic signature and key transcriptional regulators of human antigen-specific type 1 regulatory T cells.

Human adaptive immunity is orchestrated by effector and regulatory T (Treg) cells. Natural Tregs arise in the thymus where they are shaped to recognize self-antigens, while type 1 Tregs or Tr1 cells are induced from conventional peripheral CD4 T cells in response to peripheral antigens, such as alloantigens and allergens. Tr1 cells have been developed as a potential therapy for inducing antigen-specific tolerance, because they can be rapidly differentiated in response to a target antigen.

The combined risk predictive power of frailty and hypoalbuminemia in free tissue flap reconstruction: A cohort study of 34,571 patients from the NSQIP database.

Introduction: Significant morbidity and mortality are hallmarks of the functional decline seen in physically frail patients. The modified frailty index 5 (mFI-5) represents a risk predictor score that has been validated as a comorbidity-based scale in surgery. Serum albumin levels of <3.

NovoSorb® Biodegradable Temporising Matrix (BTM): What we learned from the first 300 consecutive cases.

Introduction: Extensive full-thickness soft-tissue defects remain a challenge in reconstructive surgery. NovoSorb® Biodegradable Temporising Matrix (BTM) represents a novel dermal substitute and was evaluated in wounds deriving from different aetiologies and to highlight risk factors for poor take rates.

Methods: All patients treated with BTM at our department between March 2020 and October 2022 were included.