Five years of outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy with ceftriaxone in the paediatric emergency department: what clinical features are associated with need for admission?

Background: More children presenting to Emergency Departments (EDs) with acute infections are now directly referred for outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (OPAT). Sparse data exist on what clinical features in these children are associated with OPAT failure. We hypothesised that children who were younger or presented with systemic features of infection would be more likely to need admission.

Low serum magnesium and 1-year mortality in alcohol withdrawal syndrome.

Background: In 2014, the WHO reported that 6% of all deaths were attributable to excess alcohol consumption. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between serum magnesium concentrations and mortality in patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of 700 patients with documented evidence of previous AWS indicating a requirement for benzodiazepine prophylaxis or evidence of alcohol withdrawal syndrome between November 2014 and March 2015.

Racialized economic segregation and stage at diagnosis of colorectal cancer in the United States.

Purpose: In order to improve colorectal cancer outcomes in the United States, there is an urgent need for research on the drivers of geographic disparities in stage at diagnosis. Our objective was to determine the effects of racialized economic segregation on the odds of late diagnosis.

Methods: Among 187,843 adults (≥ 18 years old) with new diagnoses of colorectal cancer reported to the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End-Results program between 1st January 2009 and 31st December 2013, exposure to racialized economic segregation was measured at the county-level using Index of Concentration at the Extremes metrics.

Effects of gastroprotectant drugs for the prevention and treatment of peptic ulcer disease and its complications: a meta-analysis of randomised trials.

Background: Gastroprotectant drugs are used for the prevention and treatment of peptic ulcer disease and might reduce its associated complications, but reliable estimates of the effects of gastroprotectants in different clinical settings are scarce. We aimed to examine the effects of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs), prostaglandin analogues, and histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) in different clinical circumstances by doing meta-analyses of tabular data from all relevant unconfounded randomised trials of gastroprotectant drugs.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE and Embase from Jan 1, 1950, to Dec 31, 2015, to identify unconfounded, randomised trials of a gastroprotectant drug (defined as a PPI, prostaglandin analogue, or H2RA) versus control, or versus another gastroprotectant.