Effect of microbial inoculation and storage length on the fermentation profile and nutritive value of high-moisture corn ensiled at 2 different dry matter concentrations.

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of microbial inoculation and storage length on the fermentation profile and nutrient composition of high-moisture corn (HMC) ensiled at 2 different dry matter (DM) concentrations. High-moisture corn was harvested when kernel DM concentrations were approaching 65% as-fed, and either left undried (HMC65; 67.6% DM) or dried at 40 °C to approximately 70% DM (HMC70; 71.

Effect of cutting height, microbial inoculation, and storage length on fermentation profile and nutrient composition of whole-plant corn silage.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cutting height, heterofermentative microbial inoculants, and storage length on the fermentation profile and nutrient composition of whole-plant corn silage. The experiment was a completely randomized design with a 2 (cutting height) × 3 (microbial inoculation) × 5 (storage length) factorial arrangement of treatments. Corn forage was harvested at two cutting heights: either 25 cm (REG) or 65 cm (HI).

Effects of cultivar and harvest days after planting on dry matter yield and nutritive value of teff.

One of the most pressing issues facing the dairy industry is drought. In areas where annual precipitation is low, irrigation for growing feed presents the greatest water-utilization challenge for dairy producers. Here, we investigated the effects of cultivar and harvest days after planting (DAP) on dry matter (DM) yield and nutritive value of teff (), a warm-season annual grass native to Ethiopia that is well adapted to drought conditions.

Normalization of cholesterol metabolism in spinal microglia alleviates neuropathic pain.

Neuroinflammation is a major component in the transition to and perpetuation of neuropathic pain states. Spinal neuroinflammation involves activation of TLR4, localized to enlarged, cholesterol-enriched lipid rafts, designated here as inflammarafts. Conditional deletion of cholesterol transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1 in microglia, leading to inflammaraft formation, induced tactile allodynia in naive mice.

Prostate cancer management choices in patients undergoing multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging/ultrasound fusion biopsy compared to systematic biopsy.

Objectives: To assess management choices in patients who undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/ultrasound (MRI/US) fusion-guided prostate biopsy compared to patients who undergo systematic biopsy.

Methods: We compared men who underwent MRI/US fusion-guided prostate biopsy to those who underwent systematic 12-core biopsy from 2014 to 2016. Patient demographics and pathologic findings were reviewed.

Apocynin-treatment reverses hyperoxaluria induced changes in NADPH oxidase system expression in rat kidneys: a transcriptional study.

Purpose: We have previously shown that production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an important contributor to renal injury and inflammation following exposure to oxalate (Ox) or calcium-oxalate (CaOx) crystals. The present study was conducted, utilizing global transcriptome analyses, to determine the effect of Apocynin on changes in the NADPH oxidase system activated in kidneys of rats fed a diet leading to hyperoxaluria and CaOx crystal deposition.

Approach: Age-, sex- and weight-matched rats were either fed regular rat chow or regular rat chow supplemented with 5% w/w hydroxy-L-proline (HLP).

A structural element that facilitates proton-coupled electron transfer in oxalate decarboxylase.

The conformational properties of an active-site loop segment, defined by residues Ser(161)-Glu(162)-Asn(163)-Ser(164), have been shown to be important for modulating the intrinsic reactivity of Mn(II) in the active site of Bacillus subtilis oxalate decarboxylase. We now detail the functional and structural consequences of removing a conserved Arg/Thr hydrogen-bonding interaction by site-specific mutagenesis. Hence, substitution of Thr-165 by a valine residue gives an OxDC variant (T165V) that exhibits impaired catalytic activity.

Gene expression profiling of early-phase Sjögren's syndrome in C57BL/6.NOD-Aec1Aec2 mice identifies focal adhesion maturation associated with infiltrating leukocytes.

Purpose: Despite considerable efforts, the molecular and cellular events in lacrimal gland tissues initiating inflammatory responses leading to keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), autoimmunity, and Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) have yet to be defined. To determine whether altered glandular homeostasis occurs before the onset of autoimmunity, a temporal transcriptome study was carried out in an animal model of primary SjS.

Methods: Using oligonucleotide microarrays, gene expression profiles were generated for lacrimal glands of C57BL/6.

EPR spin trapping of an oxalate-derived free radical in the oxalate decarboxylase reaction.

EPR spin trapping experiments on bacterial oxalate decarboxylase from Bacillus subtilis under turn-over conditions are described. The use of doubly (13)C-labeled oxalate leads to a characteristic splitting of the observed radical adducts using the spin trap N-tert-butyl-α-phenylnitrone linking them directly to the substrate. The radical was identified as the carbon dioxide radical anion which is a key intermediate in the hypothetical reaction mechanism of both decarboxylase and oxidase activities.