Pan-lysyl oxidase inhibition disrupts fibroinflammatory tumor stroma, rendering cholangiocarcinoma susceptible to chemotherapy.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) features highly desmoplastic stroma that promotes structural and functional resistance to therapy. Lysyl oxidases (LOX, LOXL1-4) catalyze collagen cross-linking, thereby increasing stromal rigidity and facilitating therapeutic resistance. Here, we evaluate the role of lysyl oxidases in stromal desmoplasia and the effects of pan-lysyl oxidase (pan-LOX) inhibition in CCA.

Sclerotherapy of the Post renal Transplant Lymphoceles: A Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: This study evaluated the effectiveness of sclerotherapy in treating lymphoceles after kidney transplantation, focusing on factors such as recurrence rates and procedural success.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective studies using sclerotherapy as the only form of treatment for postrenal transplant lymphoceles were included. All studies used percutaneous transcatheter sclerotherapy as treatment, and the success rate of the intervention was recorded.

Comparable and Complimentary Modalities for Treatment of Small-Sized HCC: Surgical Resection, Radiofrequency Ablation, and Microwave Ablation.

Background: Over the past decade, there has been continual improvement in both ablative and surgical technologies for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The efficacy of ablative therapy compared to surgical resection for HCC has not been thoroughly evaluated using multiple large-scale randomized controlled trials. By international consensus, if a patient is eligible, surgery is the primary curative treatment option, as it is believed to confer superior oncologic control.

Social Determinants of Health are Associated With Postoperative Outcomes in Children With Complicated Appendicitis.

Introduction: Socioeconomic disadvantage has been associated with increased complicated appendicitis rates. Our purpose was to analyze the complex interactions between social determinants of health (SDOH) and postoperative outcomes in pediatric appendicitis.

Materials And Methods: Children who underwent appendectomy at our institution (1/2015-12/2020) were retrospectively reviewed.

Inferior Survival Is Associated With Socioeconomic Deprivation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Introduction: Pernicious health disparities have been reported in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Few tools exist to screen patients in order to facilitate educational and outreach initiatives. We hypothesize that neighborhood-level socioeconomic metrics such as the Area Deprivation Index (ADI) can predict inferior outcomes in patients with early-stage HCC.

GM-CSF drives myelopoiesis, recruitment and polarisation of tumour-associated macrophages in cholangiocarcinoma and systemic blockade facilitates antitumour immunity.

Objective: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is rising in incidence, and at present, there are limited effective systemic therapies. iCCA tumours are infiltrated by stromal cells, with high prevalence of suppressive myeloid populations including tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Here, we show that tumour-derived granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and the host bone marrow is central for monopoiesis and potentiation of TAMs, and abrogation of this signalling axis facilitates antitumour immunity in a novel model of iCCA.