-Mutated Cytologically Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules: Prevalence of Malignancy and Behavior Under Active Surveillance.

Genomic profiling is now available for risk stratification of cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules (ITNs). Mutations in genes (, , ) are found in both benign and malignant thyroid nodules, although isolated mutations are rarely associated with aggressive tumors. Because the long-term behavior of -mutant ITNs is not well understood, most undergo immediate surgery.

Clinical value of second opinions in oncology: A retrospective review of changes in diagnosis and treatment recommendations.

Background: Data on the clinical value of second opinions in oncology are limited. We examined diagnostic and treatment changes resulting from second opinions and the expected impact on morbidity and prognosis.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients presenting in 2018 to a high-volume cancer center for second opinions about newly diagnosed colorectal, head and neck, lung, and myeloma cancers or abnormal results.

What do patients want to know about surgery for low-risk thyroid cancer? A qualitative study.

Background: Shared decision-making about treatment for low-risk thyroid cancer requires patients and surgeons to work together to select treatment that best balances risks and expected outcomes with patient preferences and values. To participate, patients must be activated and ask questions. We aimed to characterize what topics patients prioritize during treatment decision-making.

The Influence of Emotions on Treatment Decisions About Low-Risk Thyroid Cancer: A Qualitative Study.

Little is known about the role of emotions in treatment decisions for thyroid cancer. We aimed to characterize the emotional content of patient-surgeon communication during decision-making about low-risk thyroid cancer treatment. We audio-recorded conversations about treatment for clinically low-risk thyroid cancer or biopsy suspicious for thyroid cancer between patients ( = 30) and surgeons ( = 9) in two diverse, academic hospitals in the United States.

Epidemiology and incidence of HPV-related cancers of the head and neck.

Globally, 4.5% of cancers are due to the human papillomavirus (HPV). In the United States, 80 million people are infected with HPV, and the incidence of HPV oropharyngeal cancer has surpassed HPV cervical cancer.

Travel distance is associated with stage at presentation and laryngectomy rates among patients with laryngeal cancer.

Background: The impact of travel distance on stage at presentation and management strategies of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is unknown. We investigated this relationship.

Methods: Retrospective review of patients with laryngeal SCC in the National Cancer Data Base from 2004 to 2016.

Disparities and guideline adherence for HPV testing among patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, NCDB, and SEER.

Background: Human papilloma virus testing for oropharyngeal squamous-cell carcinoma has been recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network since 2012. We examine disparities, reported rates of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing, and the impact on these findings of limitations with the variable in database registries.

Methods: The HPV variable was queried for patients with oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma (OPSCC) from 2013 to 2016 in National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER).

Life Expectancy and Treatment Patterns in Elderly Patients With Low-Risk Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Population-Based Analysis.

Objective: Guidelines endorse active surveillance for low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), but this is not commonly utilized. Those with limited life expectancy due to age and comorbidity may be best suited for active surveillance given their higher likelihood of other-cause mortality compared to disease-specific mortality.

Methods: Surveillance, epidemiology, and end results-Medicare was queried for patients >65 years with T1, N0, M0 PTC who received surgery.

NATIONAL SURVEY OF ENDOCRINOLOGISTS AND SURGEONS REGARDING ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE FOR LOW-RISK PAPILLARY THYROID CANCER.

Objective: Active surveillance for low-risk papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) was endorsed by the American Thyroid Association guidelines in 2015. The attitudes and beliefs of physicians treating thyroid cancer regarding the active surveillance approach are not known.

Methods: A national survey of endocrinologists and surgeons treating thyroid cancer was conducted from August to September 2017 via professional society emails.

Adoption of Active Surveillance for Very Low-Risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in the United States: A National Survey.

Context: Active surveillance (AS) of thyroid cancer with serial ultrasounds is a newer management option in the United States.

Objective: This work aimed to understand factors associated with the adoption of AS.

Methods: We surveyed endocrinologists and surgeons in the American Medical Association Masterfile.

Factors associated with physicians' recommendations for managing low-risk papillary thyroid cancer.

Background: The 2015 American Thyroid Association endorsed less aggressive management for low-risk papillary thyroid cancer (LR-PTC). We aimed to identify factors influencing physicians' recommendations for LR-PTC.

Methods: We surveyed members of three professional societies and assessed respondents' recommendations for managing LR-PTC using patient scenarios.

Association Between Implementation of the 2009 American Thyroid Association Guidelines and De-escalation of Treatment for Low-risk Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

This quality improvement study assesses the association between the implementation American Thyroid Association guidelines and de-escalation of thereapy for patients with low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Primary tumor volume as a predictor of distant metastases and survival in patients with sinonasal mucosal melanoma.

Background: Sinonasal mucosal melanoma (SNMM) is an aggressive cancer with high mortality. Identifying patients at risk of distant metastasis assists with management and prognostication. We aimed to define the relationship between volume, survival, and risk of distant metastases.

The 3 Bs of cancer care amid the COVID-19 pandemic crisis: "Be safe, be smart, be kind"-A multidisciplinary approach increasing the use of radiation and embracing telemedicine for head and neck cancer.

Because of the national emergency triggered by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, government-mandated public health directives have drastically changed not only social norms but also the practice of oncologic medicine. Timely head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment must be prioritized, even during emergencies. Because severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 predominantly resides in the sinonasal/oral/oropharyngeal tracts, nonessential mucosal procedures are restricted, and HNCs are being triaged toward nonsurgical treatments when cures are comparable.

Assessing the Number of Candidates There Are for Active Surveillance of Low-risk Papillary Thyroid Cancers in the US.

This quality improvement study uses tumor size to assess which patients are at low risk for papillary thyroid cancer and may be candidates for active surveillance as a treatment strategy.

Last-line local treatment with the Quad Shot regimen for previously irradiated head and neck cancers.

Objectives: Patients with prior irradiated head and neck cancer (HNC) who are ineligible for definitive retreatment have limited local palliative options. We report the largest series of the use of the Quad Shot (QS) regimen as a last-line local palliative therapy.

Materials And Methods: We identified 166 patients with prior HN radiation therapy (RT) treated with QS regimen (3.

Perceived value drives use of routine asymptomatic surveillance PET/CT by physicians who treat head and neck cancer.

Background: Why physicians use surveillance imaging for asymptomatic cancer survivors despite recommendations against this is not known.

Methods: Physicians surveilling head and neck cancer survivors were surveyed to determine relationships among attitudes, beliefs, guideline familiarity, and self-reported surveillance positron-emission-tomography/computed-tomography use.

Results: Among 459 responses, 79% reported using PET/CT on some asymptomatic patients; 39% reported using PET/CT on more than half of patients.

Elective neck dissection (END) and cN0 hard palate and upper gingival cancers: A National Cancer Database analysis of factors predictive of END and impact on survival.

Background And Objectives: The reported risk of nodal metastasis in hard palate and upper gingival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has been inconsistent with inadequate consensus regarding the utility of neck dissection in the clinically negative (cN0) neck.

Materials And Methods: Using the National Cancer Database, cN0 patients diagnosed with SCC of the head and neck with the subsites of the hard palate and upper gingiva were identified from 2004 to 2014.

Results: A total of 1830 patients were identified, and END was performed on 422 patients with cN0 tumors.

Surgical Management Patterns of Sinonasal Malignancy: A Population-Based Study.

 Determining surgical trends and outcomes for sinonasal tumors is challenging given their low incidence and heterogeneous pathology. This study utilized the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to identify trends and outcomes associated with surgical management of sinonasal tumors.  Retrospective database analysis.

Timing of surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy for sinonasal malignancies: Effect of surgical approach.

Background: Timely postoperative radiation therapy (RT) within 50 days of surgery for head and neck cancers provides a survival advantage.

Methods: Using the National Cancer Database, we performed a propensity score-matched analysis comparing patients undergoing open or endoscopic surgery for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses from 2010 to 2015.

Results: Among 168 pairs, patients undergoing endoscopic surgery had shorter time to surgery (24.

Conventional Thyroidectomy in the Treatment of Primary Thyroid Cancer.

This article focuses on conventional surgical management of thyroid cancer, reviewing long-standing and well-accepted main principles and practices. It also covers newer controversies and techniques to conventional thyroidectomy, including changes in the indications for thyroidectomy, the intraoperative management of the recurrent and superior laryngeal nerves and parathyroid glands, the extent of thyroidectomy, and the importance of outcomes measurement and quality improvement.

Patient Experience of Thyroid Cancer Active Surveillance in Japan.

Importance: The burden of concern for patients with thyroid cancer who undergo surgical intervention with or without radioactive iodine is known to be substantial. For patients under active surveillance, this aspect of the patient experience has not been described to date and could be a potential barrier to broader acceptance of surveillance as a cancer management strategy.

Objective: To describe the experiences of patients in the longest-standing and largest thyroid cancer active surveillance program.

Comparing Kadish, TNM, and the modified Dulguerov staging systems for esthesioneuroblastoma.

Background: Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor. The purpose of this study was to compare the Kadish, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM), and Dulguerov's modified TNM staging in order to determine the impact of the stage on primary surgical treatment selection, margin status, and survival.

Methods: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was used to identify patients diagnosed with ENB between 2004 to 2015.

Tumor Board Conferences for Multidisciplinary Skin Cancer Management: A Survey of US Cancer Centers.

Tumor board conferences (TBCs) are used by oncologic specialists to review patient cases, exchange knowledge, and discuss options for cancer management. These multidisciplinary meetings are often a cornerstone of treatment at leading cancer centers and are required for accreditation by certain groups, such as the American College of Surgeons' Commission on Cancer. Little is known regarding skin cancer TBCs.