Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol
November 2024
Reducing the iridium demand in Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers (PEM WE) is a critical priority for the green hydrogen industry. This study reports the discovery of a TiO-supported Ir@IrO(OH) core-shell nanoparticle catalyst with reduced Ir content, which exhibits superior catalytic performance for the electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) compared to a commercial reference. The TiO-supported Ir@IrO(OH) core-shell nanoparticle configuration significantly enhances the OER Ir mass activity from 8 to approximately 150 A g at 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeep plane facelift surgery is not new, having originally been described over 30 years ago, however the technique has seen a recent surge in popularity. While proponents emphasize its ability to deliver very natural results, critics often cite the possibility of additional risk of the procedure due to its technically challenging dissection in proximity to branches of the facial nerve and other critical structures. These risks are perhaps greatest when operating in what have historically been described as the "danger zones," particularly when releasing the zygomatic retaining ligaments, when performing the medial deep plane dissection in the midface, and when extending the platysma flap over the angle of the mandible into the neck.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The deltoid is a trisegmented muscle with anterior, middle, and posterior components. While the clinical relevance of the presence of anatomic variations of the deltoid origin and insertion continues to be debated, the architecture of the deltoid muscle is more complex than initially believed. This study aimed to evaluate the gross anatomy of the deltoid muscle insertion by qualitatively and quantitatively characterizing the insertion and location of the deltoid muscle's anterior, middle, and posterior components.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNonconductive porous polymer substrates, such as PTFE, have been pivotal in the fabrication of stable and high-performing gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) for the reduction of CO/CO in small scale electrolyzers; however, the scale-up of polymer-based GDEs without performance penalties to technologically more relevant electrode sizes has remained elusive. This work reports on a new current collector concept that enables the scale-up of PTFE-based GDEs from 5 to 100 cm and beyond. The present approach builds on a multifunctional current collector concept that enables multipoint front-contacting of thin catalyst coatings, which mitigates performance losses even for high resistivity cathodes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLong-term memory formation is energetically costly. Neural mechanisms that guide an animal to identify fruitful associations therefore have important survival benefits. Here, we elucidate a circuit mechanism in , which enables past memory to shape new memory formation through changes in perception.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvestigations of the molecular mechanisms of long-term associative memory have revealed key roles for a number of highly evolutionarily conserved molecular pathways in a variety of different vertebrate and invertebrate model systems. One such system is the pond snail , in which, like in other systems, the transcription factors CREB1 and CREB2 and the enzyme NOS play essential roles in the consolidation of long-term associative memory. More recently, epigenetic control mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and control of gene expression by non-coding RNAs also have been found to play important roles in all model systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApplications of key technologies in biomedical research, such as qRT-PCR or LC-MS-based proteomics, are generating large biological (-omics) datasets which are useful for the identification and quantification of biomarkers in any research area of interest. Genome, transcriptome and proteome databases are already available for a number of model organisms including vertebrates and invertebrates. However, there is insufficient information available for protein sequences of certain invertebrates, such as the great pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis, a model organism that has been used highly successfully in elucidating evolutionarily conserved mechanisms of memory function and dysfunction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensory cues in the natural environment predict reward or punishment, important for survival. For example, the ability to detect attractive tastes indicating palatable food is essential for foraging while the recognition of inedible substrates prevents harm. While some of these sensory responses are innate, they can undergo fundamental changes due to prior experience associated with the stimulus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOnly a limited number of animal species lend themselves to becoming model organisms in multiple biological disciplines: one of these is the great pond snail, . Extensively used since the 1970s to study fundamental mechanisms in neurobiology, the value of this freshwater snail has been also recognised in fields as diverse as host-parasite interactions, ecotoxicology, evolution, genome editing and 'omics', and human disease modelling. While there is knowledge about the natural history of this species, what is currently lacking is an integration of findings from the laboratory and the field.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInterference-based forgetting occurs when new information acquired either before or after a learning event attenuates memory expression (proactive and retroactive interference, respectively). Multiple learning events often occur in rapid succession, leading to competition between consolidating memories. However, it is unknown what factors determine which memory is remembered or forgotten.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCarbon materials doped with nitrogen are active catalysts for the electrochemical two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) to hydrogen peroxide. Insights into the individual role of the various chemical nitrogen functionalities in the H O production, however, have remained scarce. Here, we explore a catalytically very active family of nitrogen-doped porous carbon materials, prepared by direct pyrolysis of ordered mesoporous carbon (CMK-3) with polyethylenimine (PEI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDentinogenesis imperfecta type 2 (DI-2), also known as hereditary opalescent dentin, is a rare, genetically linked condition that affects both primary and permanent teeth. Severe attrition requiring full-mouth rehabilitation is a common finding associated with DI-2. Dental rehabilitation options include a variety of invasive and noninvasive restorative techniques dictated by the age of the patient.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe efficient generation of hydrogen via water electrolysis requires highly active oxygen evolution catalysts. Among the active metals, iridium oxide provides the best compromise in terms of activity and stability. The limited availability and usage in other applications demands an efficient utilization of this precious metal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cracked teeth are ubiquitous in the adult dentition. The objective of this study was to determine which patient traits and behaviors and external tooth and crack characteristics correlate with cracked teeth being symptomatic.
Methods: Dentists in The National Dental Practice-Based Research Network enrolled a convenience sample of patients each with a single, vital posterior tooth with at least 1 observable external crack in this observational study; they enrolled 2,975 cracked teeth from 209 practitioners.
Mixed Ni-Fe oxides are attractive anode catalysts for efficient water splitting in solar fuels reactors. Because of conflicting past reports, the catalytically active metal redox state of the catalyst has remained under debate. Here, we report an in operando quantitative deconvolution of the charge injected into the nanostructured Ni-Fe oxyhydroxide OER catalysts or into reaction product molecules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Use of a rubber dam during root canal treatment is considered the standard of care because it enhances patient safety and optimises the odds of successful treatment. Nonetheless, not all dentists use a rubber dam, creating disconnect between presumed standard of care and what is actually done in clinical practice. Little is known about dentists' attitudes towards use of the rubber dam in their practices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Little is known about which materials and techniques general dentists (GDs) use during endodontic procedures. The objectives were to quantify GDs' use of specific endodontic tools, quantify inappropriate use, and ascertain whether inappropriate use is associated with GDs' practice characteristics.
Methods: GDs in The National Dental Practice-Based Research Network reported in a questionnaire materials and techniques they use during endodontic procedures.
Objectives/hypothesis: The purpose of this study is to describe an endoscope-assisted surgical technique for the excision of branchial cleft cysts and compare it to the standard approach.
Study Design: Retrospective case series review.
Methods: Twenty-seven cases described as branchial cleft excisions performed by a single surgeon at one academic medical center were identified between 2007 and 2014.
Study Objectives: This study examined the extent to which self-reported exposure to blast during deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan affects subjective and objective sleep measures in service members and veterans with and without posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Methods: Seventy-one medication-free service members and veterans (mean age = 29.47 ± 5.
Introduction: A preliminary study done by a National Dental Practice-Based Research Network precursor observed that 44% of general dentists (GDs) reported always using a rubber dam (RD) during root canal treatment (RCT). This full-scale study quantified the use of all isolation techniques, including RD use.
Methods: Network practitioners completed a questionnaire about isolation techniques used during RCT.
Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl
December 2014
The human vocal fold is a complex structure made up of distinct layers that vary in cellular and extracellular matrix composition. Elucidating the mechanical properties of vocal fold tissues is critical for the study of both acoustics and biomechanics of voice production, and essential in the context of vocal fold injury and repair. Both quasistatic and dynamic behavior in the 10-300 Hz range was explored in this preliminary investigation.
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