Elevations in blood glucose before and after the appearance of islet autoantibodies in children.

The etiology of type 1 diabetes has polygenic and environmental determinants that lead to autoimmune responses against pancreatic β cells and promote β cell death. The autoimmunity is considered silent without metabolic consequences until late preclinical stages,and it remains unknown how early in the disease process the pancreatic β cell is compromised. To address this, we investigated preprandial nonfasting and postprandial blood glucose concentrations and islet autoantibody development in 1,050 children with high genetic risk of type 1 diabetes.

Evidence-Based Performance Measures for Rhinoplasty: A Multidisciplinary Performance Measure Set.

The American Society of Plastic Surgeons, the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery commissioned the multidisciplinary Rhinoplasty Performance Measure Development Work Group to identify and draft quality measures for the care of patients undergoing both functional and aesthetic rhinoplasty. One outcome measure and three process measures were identified. The outcome looked at patient satisfaction with rhinoplasty procedures.

A Public Health Antibody Screening Indicates a 6-Fold Higher SARS-CoV-2 Exposure Rate than Reported Cases in Children.

Background: Antibody responses to virus reflect exposure and potential protection.

Methods: We developed a highly specific and sensitive approach to measuring antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 for population-scale immune surveillance. Antibody positivity was defined as a dual-positive response against both the receptor-binding domain and nucleocapsid proteins of SARS-CoV-2.

University of Wisconsin Guidelines for Treatment of Facial Trauma While Minimizing the Risk of COVID-19 Transmission.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has forced many practices to completely change the interface between health care providers and patients. Patients presenting with facial trauma present a special risk for COVID-19 transmission, as contact with respiratory and ocular secretions is common, and so special precautions must be taken in managing them.

Methods: We created guidelines and a triage/management algorithm for patients presenting with facial trauma to decrease the risk of COVID-19 transmission.

Swellable Copolymers of -isopropylacrylamide and Alkyl Acrylic Acids for Optical pH Sensing.

Swellable polymers that respond to pH (including a portion of the physiological pH range) have been prepared from -isopropylacrylamide (NIPA) copolymerized with acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, ethacrylic acid or propacrylic acid by dispersion polymerization. When the swellable polymer particles are dispersed in a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel membrane, large changes occur in the turbidity of the membrane (which is measured using an absorbance spectrometer) as the pH of the buffer solution in contact with the hydrogel membrane is varied. The swelling of the NIPA copolymer is nonionic, as the ionic strength of the buffer solution in contact with the PVA membrane was increased from 0.

The Traumatic Nasal Deformity.

One of the most challenging aspects of rhinoplasty is correction of the posttraumatic nasal deformity. This special set of cases included challenges in managing the difficult septum, complicated nasal bones, and special considerations such as the septal perforation.

Nonablative and Hybrid Fractional Laser Skin Rejuvenation.

In the 2000s, there was a significant expansion in technology that was described as "nonablative." These devices featured several different wavelengths and technologies. What they shared in common was the goal of delivering improvement in skin appearance while minimizing downtime and complications.

The Revision Rhinoplasty Consult: The Art of Managing Expectations.

Rhinoplasty is widely acknowledged to be a challenging operation. The success of the operation has long been measured in anecdotal ways. As the surgeon-do I think the outcome is good? Does the patient tell me they are happy? At hand is an obvious issue with patients sometimes not returning to their original doctor.

Revisiting the Labial-Buccal Sulcus Flap for Septal Perforation Closure: Review at a Single Institution.

This study examines the use of the labial-buccal sulcus technique in treating patients undergoing repair of perforation.

Energy-Based Facial Rejuvenation: Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment.

Importance: The market for nonsurgical, energy-based facial rejuvenation techniques has increased exponentially since lasers were first used for skin rejuvenation in 1983. Advances in this area have led to a wide range of products that require the modern facial plastic surgeon to have a large repertoire of knowledge.

Objective: To serve as a guide for current trends in the development of technology, applications, and outcomes of laser and laser-related technology over the past 5 years.

A Preliminary Investigation of Individual Differences in Subjective Responses to D-Amphetamine, Alcohol, and Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Using a Within-Subjects Randomized Trial.

Polydrug use is common, and might occur because certain individuals experience positive effects from several different drugs during early stages of use. This study examined individual differences in subjective responses to single oral doses of d-amphetamine, alcohol, and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in healthy social drinkers. Each of these drugs produces feelings of well-being in at least some individuals, and we hypothesized that subjective responses to these drugs would be positively correlated.

Evidence-Based Medicine in Laser Medicine for Facial Plastic Surgery.

In the setting of rapidly changing technology tone must make a decision on whether he or she places a premium on being an "early adopter" of technology or delay purchasing decisions until there is adequate proof that a particular technology is useful. Laser devices are a significant capital expenditure, and therefore members of the second group who base their purchasing decisions on evidence-based medicine may be able to avoid deploying capitol into a purchase that becomes obsolete as quickly as it appeared.

Perioperative Arnica montana for Reduction of Ecchymosis in Rhinoplasty Surgery.

Background: Studies of homeopathic therapies to decrease postrhinoplasty ecchymosis have previously used subjective measurements, limiting their clinical significance. Recently, Arnica montana was shown to decrease postoperative ecchymosis after rhytidectomy, using an objective measuring tool. We believe that oral A.

Nasal tip volume analysis after butterfly graft.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate postoperative changes of the nasal tip in patients who underwent internal nasal valve reconstruction with the auricular cartilage butterfly graft. It is believed that this graft may alter the nasal tip appearance, potentially limiting the technique's broad use despite its proven efficacy.

Methods Or Design: A retrospective chart and photograph review, between 2005 and 2009, identified 157 patients who underwent butterfly grafting without other tip modifications at a single institution by 1 surgeon.

Rhytidectomy: current concepts, controversies and the state of the art.

Purpose Of Review: To evaluate the current evidence-based medicine for rhytidectomy. Specific techniques and their scientific rationale are explored. The authors' practice modifications based on this evidence will be reviewed.