De Novo Lipogenesis-Related Monounsaturated Fatty Acids in the Blood Are Associated with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in HFpEF Patients.

De novo lipogenesis (DNL)-related monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) in the blood are associated with incident heart failure (HF). This observation's biological plausibility may be due to the potential of these MUFAs to induce proinflammatory pathways, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and insulin resistance, which are pathophysiologically relevant in HF. The associations of circulating MUFAs with cardiometabolic phenotypes in patients with heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are unknown.

Trans-fatty acid blood levels of industrial but not natural origin are associated with cardiovascular risk factors in patients with HFpEF: a secondary analysis of the Aldo-DHF trial.

Background: Industrially processed trans-fatty acids (IP-TFA) have been linked to altered lipoprotein metabolism, inflammation and increased NT-proBNP. In patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), associations of TFA blood levels with patient characteristics are unknown.

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of the Aldo-DHF-RCT.

Saturated Fatty Acid Blood Levels and Cardiometabolic Phenotype in Patients with HFpEF: A Secondary Analysis of the Aldo-DHF Trial.

Background: Circulating long-chain (LCSFAs) and very long-chain saturated fatty acids (VLSFAs) have been differentially linked to risk of incident heart failure (HF). In patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), associations of blood SFA levels with patient characteristics are unknown.

Methods: From the Aldo-DHF-RCT, whole blood SFAs were analyzed at baseline in = 404 using the HS-Omega-3-Index methodology.

Omega-3 fatty acid blood levels are inversely associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in HFpEF patients: the Aldo-DHF randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To evaluate associations of omega-3 fatty acid (O3-FA) blood levels with cardiometabolic risk markers, functional capacity and cardiac function/morphology in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

Background: O3-FA have been linked to reduced risk for HF and associated phenotypic traits in experimental/clinical studies.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of data from the Aldo-DHF-RCT.

Waist-to-height ratio and metabolic phenotype compared to the Matsuda index for the prediction of insulin resistance.

Current screening algorithms for type 2 diabetes (T2D) rely on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and/or HbA1c. This fails to identify a sizeable subgroup of individuals in early stages of metabolic dysregulation who are at high risk for developing diabetes or cardiovascular disease. The Matsuda index, a combination of parameters derived from a fasting and postprandial insulin assay, is an early biomarker for metabolic dysregulation (i.

High-Risk Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Phenotype: The Roles of Ectopic Adiposity, Atherogenic Dyslipidemia, and Inflammation.

Current algorithms for assessing risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and, in particular, the reliance on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in conditions where this measurement is discordant with apoB and LDL-particle concentrations fail to identify a sizeable part of the population at high risk for adverse cardiovascular events. This results in missed opportunities for ASCVD prevention, most notably in those with metabolic syndrome, prediabetes, and diabetes. There is substantial evidence that accumulation of ectopic fat and associated metabolic traits are markers for and pathogenic components of high-risk atherosclerosis.

Patients With Primary Aldosteronism Respond to Unilateral Adrenalectomy With Long-Term Reduction in Salt Intake.

Context: High dietary salt intake is known to aggravate arterial hypertension. This effect could be of particular relevance in the setting of primary aldosteronism (PA), which is associated with cardiovascular damage independent of blood pressure levels. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of therapy on salt intake in PA patients.

Steroid Profiling and Immunohistochemistry for Subtyping and Outcome Prediction in Primary Aldosteronism-a Review.

Purpose Of Review: Steroid profiling and immunohistochemistry are both promising new tools used to improve diagnostic accuracy in the work-up of primary aldosteronism (PA) and to predict treatment outcomes. Herein, we review the recent literature and present an outlook to the future of diagnostics and therapeutic decision-making in patients with PA.

Recent Finding: PA is the most common endocrine cause of arterial hypertension and unilateral forms of the disease are potentially curable by surgical resection of the overactive adrenal.

[Dementia and Metabolic-Vascular Risk Factors: Strategies for Prevention].

The prevalence of dementias is on the rise, increases exponentially with age and constitutes a major healthcare burden nationally and worldwide. Dementias are clinically heterogeneous and encompass numerous etiologies. Noteworthy, late onset dementias are closely related to vascular and metabolic risk factors in midlife.

Lifestyle factors and high-risk atherosclerosis: Pathways and mechanisms beyond traditional risk factors.

Despite major efforts to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) burden with conventional risk factor control, significant residual risk remains. Recent evidence on non-traditional determinants of cardiometabolic health has advanced our understanding of lifestyle-disease interactions. Chronic exposure to environmental stressors like poor diet quality, sedentarism, ambient air pollution and noise, sleep deprivation and psychosocial stress affect numerous traditional and non-traditional intermediary pathways related to ASCVD.

Safety of medical adjustment and confirmatory testing in the diagnostic work-up of primary aldosteronism.

Objective: Saline infusion test (SIT) and captopril challenge test (CCT) are standard confirmatory procedures routinely used in the diagnostic work-up of primary aldosteronism (PA). However, side effects and complications during testing have not been systematically studied.

Design: We performed a cohort study with patients undergoing SIT and/or CCT in two centers from 2016 until 2018.

THERAPY OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Medical treatment of primary aldosteronism.

In patients with primary aldosteronism, specific treatment provides prognostic benefit over optimal antihypertensive therapy and is therefore crucial to reduce mortality and morbidity in this subgroup of patients with hypertension. Prognostic relevance has been shown for adrenalectomy in unilateral disease and for medical treatment with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. Collectively, evidence points to the superiority of surgical treatment compared to medical treatment.

Adrenal Insufficiency After Unilateral Adrenalectomy in Primary Aldosteronism: Long-Term Outcome and Clinical Impact.

Context: Primary aldosteronism (PA) represents a secondary form of arterial hypertension that can be cured by surgery. Evidence of adrenal insufficiency (AI) was recently found in patients with PA who had undergone unilateral adrenalectomy (uADX).

Objective: To study the incidence and long-term outcome of postoperative AI after uADX for PA.

[Dietary Recommendations in Metabolic Vascular Syndrome].

Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death globally. Poor diet constitutes a key factor in the initiation and progression of cardiovascular disease and has become the leading risk factor for disability and death worldwide. Therefore, addressing suboptimal nutrition is of key prognostic relevance in primary and secondary prevention of metabolic vascular syndrome.

Exercise training improves exercise capacity and quality of life after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: A randomized pilot trial.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is increasingly applied for aortic stenosis in elderly patients with impaired mobility and reduced quality of life. These patients may particularly benefit from postinterventional exercise programs, but no randomized study has evaluated the safety and efficacy of exercise in this population.

Methods: In a prospective pilot study, 30 patients after TAVI (mean age, 81±6 years, 44% female, 83±34 days postintervention) were randomly allocated 1:1 to a training group (TG) performing 8 weeks of supervised combined endurance and resistance exercise or to usual care.