Receipt of medications for opioid use disorder before and after incarceration in Massachusetts State prisons, 2014-2019.

Background: Little is known about how use patterns of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUDs) evolve from pre-incarceration to post-incarceration among incarcerated individuals with opioid use disorder. This article describes pre- and post-incarceration MOUD receipt during a period when naltrexone was the only type of MOUD offered in a state prison system, the Massachusetts Department of Correction (MADOC).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of individuals with opioid use disorder who had an incarceration episode in MADOC during January 2015 to March 2019.

Prison Buprenorphine Implementation and Postrelease Opioid Use Disorder Outcomes.

Importance: Agonist medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), buprenorphine and methadone, in carceral settings might reduce the risk of postrelease opioid overdose but are uncommonly offered. In April 2019, the Massachusetts Department of Correction (MADOC), the state prison system, provided buprenorphine for incarcerated individuals in addition to previously offered injectable naltrexone.

Objective: To evaluate postrelease outcomes after buprenorphine implementation.

Stigma and other correlates of sharing injection equipment among people with HIV in St. Petersburg, Russia.

Stigma that people with HIV who inject drugs experience negatively impacts HIV and substance use care, but stigma's association with sharing injection equipment is not known. This is a cross-sectional analysis of data from two studies of people with HIV reporting drug injection ( = 319) in St. Petersburg, Russia (September 2018-December 2020).

Prior Incarceration Is Associated with Poor Mental Health at Midlife: Findings from a National Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Background: People with mental illnesses and people living in poverty have higher rates of incarceration than others, but relatively little is known about the long-term impact that incarceration has on an individual's mental health later in life.

Objective: To evaluate prior incarceration's association with mental health at midlife.

Design: Retrospective cohort study PARTICIPANTS: Participants from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79)-a nationally representative age cohort of individuals 15 to 22 years of age in 1979-who remained in follow-up through age 50.

Incarceration history, antiretroviral therapy, and stigma: A cross-sectional study of people with HIV who inject drugs in St. Petersburg, Russia.

Background: The HIV epidemic is intertwined with substance use and incarceration in Russia. The relationships between incarceration history, HIV treatment history, and stigma experiences among people with HIV (PWH) who inject drugs in Russia have not been well described.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of a cohort of PWH with opioid use disorder who inject drugs (n=201) recruited at a narcology (substance use treatment) hospital in St.

Association of Incarceration With Mortality by Race From a National Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Importance: The association between incarceration and long-term mortality risk is unknown and may contribute to racial disparities in overall life expectancy.

Objective: To determine whether incarceration in the US is associated with an increase in mortality risk and whether this association is different for Black compared with non-Black populations.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This generational retrospective cohort study used data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979, a nationally representative cohort of noninstitutionalized youths aged 15 to 22 years, from January 1 to December 31, 1979, with follow-up through December 31, 2018.