Access to Fused Pyrroles from Cyclic 1,3-Dienyl Boronic Esters and Arylnitroso Compounds.

Complimentary to classical hydroboration and boron-Wittig reactions, a new, efficient access to cyclic 1,3-dienyl boronic esters has been developed diene or triene metathesis. Subsequently, fused pyrroles were synthesized with a broad substrate scope from the reaction of cyclic 1,3-dienyl boronic esters with arylnitroso compounds using a one-pot hetero-Diels-Alder/ring contraction sequence.

Assessment of the H-reflex using two synchronized magnetic stimulators in order to increase stimulus durations: A comparison with electrical stimulation.

Magnetic nerve stimulation (MNS) may be a less painful alternative to electrical nerve stimulation (ENS) for Hoffmann reflex (H-reflex) measurement, however standard MNS (sMNS) techniques utilize a short stimulus duration, thereby limiting its use for H-reflex assessment. This limitation may be partly overcome by coupling two magnetic stimulators to increase the pulse duration (coupled MNS: cMNS). The aim of this study was to test this assumption by comparing the H-reflex characteristics evoked by ENS, sMNS and cMNS.

Long-term results of Alpina Postero-stabilized total knee replacement: 10- to 16-year follow-up.

One hundred and ninety-four primary knee arthroplasties were done between 1992 and 1998 with Alpina Postero-Stabilized prosthesis. Eighty-eight knees were available for the long-term follow-up at a mean of 12 years. The mean IKS score improved from 103.

Nanoaggregates of biodegradable amphiphilic random polycations for delivering water-insoluble drugs.

Cationic amphiphilic random copolyesters were obtained by copolymerization of 5-Z-amino-δ-valerolactone and ε-caprolactone. The amino content of the final copolymers was controlled by the polymerization feed ratio and was in the range 10 to 100%. Copolymers solubility and aggregation behavior was assessed by conductometric and zeta potential analyses.