Distinct substrate specificities of the human tRNA methyltransferases TRMT10A and TRMT10B.

The tRNA mR methyltransferase (Trm10) family is conserved throughout Eukarya and Archaea. Despite the presence of a single Trm10 gene in Archaea and most single-celled eukaryotes, metazoans encode up to three homologs of Trm10. Several disease states correlate with a deficiency in the human homolog TRMT10A, despite the presence of another cytoplasmic enzyme, TRMT10B.