The Challenge of Coming Out to Providers by Gay and Bisexual Men With Prostate Cancer: Qualitative Results from the Study.

This study investigates the experience of communicating sexual orientation by gay, bisexual and men who have sex with men (GBM) to physicians involved in their prostate cancer care. Methodology consisted of qualitative analysis conducted on 30 in-depth interviews of GBM recruited from a national online cancer support site. Results revealed four key strategies around sexual disclosure.

The Effect of Medicaid Expansion on Caregiver's Quality of Life.

Medicaid expansion has been shown to improve access to care, health, and finances in general populations. Until now no studies have considered how Medicaid expansion may affect informal family caregivers who are the backbone of the long term supports and services infrastructure. Family caregivers provide substantial cost savings to Medicare and Medicaid.

The Reliability of Self-Reported Gleason Scores in Studies of Sexual Minority Prostate Cancer Survivors.

In two studies, gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men prostate cancer survivors report lower Gleason scores than heterosexual prostate cancer survivors, leading some to speculate that men who have sex with men may have more intensive screening than other men. In the largest study of men who have sex with men prostate cancer survivors to date, 23 of 193 (11.9%) men who have sex with men prostate cancer survivors reported low Gleason scores (2-5).

Diabetes stigma, parent depressive symptoms and Type-1 diabetes glycemic control in India.

Diabetes distress and stigma have been associated with worse patient outcomes in developed countries. However, diabetes stigma has not been studied in low and middle-income countries where clinical practices differ, diabetes awareness is lower, and families face different challenges for supporting children with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). This study assessed the relationship between parental depression and diabetes stigma with a child's glycemic control in a clinic-based survey in Nagpur, India.

Health-related quality of life by human immunodeficiency virus status in a cross-sectional survey of gay and bisexual prostate cancer survivors.

Objective: Prostate cancer is the most common invasive cancer in gay and bisexual men (GBM). Despite the unique sexual and urinary concerns of this group, studies of prostate cancer rehabilitation have primarily focused on heterosexual men. GBM also have high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which may be associated with lower health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adults have Higher Prevalence of Illicit Opioid Use than Heterosexual Adults: Evidence from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2017.

We estimated illicit opioid use prevalence among LGB and heterosexual adults. Cross-sectional National Survey on Drug Use and Health data (2015-2017) were used to estimate illicit opioid use prevalence by sexual identity, age, and gender. An estimated 1.

Effects of the 2009 USPSTF Depression Screening Recommendation on Diagnosing and Treating Mental Health Conditions in Older Adults: A Difference-in-Differences Analysis.

Background: Depression is a common mental condition in U.S. older adults.

Social Support and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Gay and Bisexual Men With Prostate Cancer.

Objectives: To describe social support patterns of gay and bisexual men with prostate cancer (GBMPCa) and how social support is associated with prostate cancer outcomes.

Sample & Setting: A cross-sectional online survey with 186 GBMPCa recruited from a national cancer support group network.

Methods & Variables: Descriptive statistics of social support and linear regression of social support on general and prostate cancer-specific quality of life (QOL).

What Gay and Bisexual Men Treated for Prostate Cancer Are Offered and Attempt as Sexual Rehabilitation for Prostate Cancer: Results from the Study.

Introduction: This is the first known study to investigate what gay and bisexual men are offered and what they try as rehabilitation to address the sexual and urinary effects of prostate cancer treatment.

Methods: A total of 193 gay and bisexual men with prostate cancer were recruited from a large male cancer survivor support and advocacy website. Online participants completed survey questions asking what rehabilitation treatments were offered, what they tried and what their satisfaction was with outcomes.

What Gay and Bisexual Men Treated for Prostate Cancer Want in a Sexual Rehabilitation Program: Results of the Needs Assessment.

Introduction: While erectile dysfunction and urinary incontinence are well-documented effects of prostate cancer treatment, the impact of sexual concerns on the lives of gay and bisexual men treated for prostate cancer has not been well researched. Specifically there are no known studies investigating what gay and bisexual men want in sexual recovery treatment.

Methods: To conduct this needs assessment, we recruited 193 gay and bisexual men with prostate cancer from the largest online cancer support group in North America.

Mental health and well-being among type 1 diabetes caregivers in India: Evidence from the IDREAM study.

Aims: Although more than half of the world's children with T1D live in developing countries, still little is known about how caregiving for children with T1D affects the parent/caregivers' health in low- and middle-income country settings.

Methods: Caregivers of 178 children with T1D from a specialized diabetes clinic in Maharashtra, India were surveyed. Ordered and standard logistic regression models adjusted for caregiver, household and child characteristics, were fit to estimate the association of caregiving burden (objective caregiving burden and subjective caregiving burden (Zarit Burden Inventory - tertiles)) with caregiver depression (Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9]) and well-being (CDC Unhealthy Days) outcomes.

Effects of depression screening on diagnosing and treating mood disorders among older adults in office-based primary care outpatient settings: An instrumental variable analysis.

Existing literature shows mixed findings regarding the efficacy and effectiveness of depression screening, and relatively little is known about the effectiveness of depression screening among older adults in primary care visits in the U.S. This study examines the effects of depression screening on the three following outcomes: mood disorder diagnoses, overall antidepressant prescriptions, and potentially inappropriate antidepressant prescriptions among older adults ages 65 or older in office-based outpatient primary care settings.

Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases in 6 Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Findings From Wave 1 of the World Health Organization's Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE).

In this paper, we examine patterns of self-reported diagnosis of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and prevalences of algorithm/measured test-based, undiagnosed, and untreated NCDs in China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia, and South Africa. Nationally representative samples of older adults aged ≥50 years were analyzed from wave 1 of the World Health Organization's Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (2007-2010; n = 34,149). Analyses focused on 6 conditions: angina, arthritis, asthma, chronic lung disease, depression, and hypertension.

Physical activity, but not body mass index, predicts less disability before and after stroke.

Objective: To determine whether physical activity and body mass index (BMI) predict instrumental or basic activities of daily living (I/ADL) trajectories before or after stroke compared to individuals who remained stroke-free.

Methods: Using a prospective cohort, the Health and Retirement Study, we followed adults without a history of stroke in 1998 (n = 18,117) for up to 14 years. We estimated linear regression models of I/ADL trajectories comparing individuals who remained stroke-free throughout follow-up (n = 16,264), those who survived stroke (n = 1,374), and those who died after stroke and before the next interview wave (n = 479).

Perceived Income Adequacy and Well-being Among Older Adults in Six Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Objectives: Perceived income adequacy is positively associated with self-rated health (SRH) and quality of life (QOL) among adults in higher-income countries. Additionally, older individuals often report higher levels of income adequacy. However, it is unclear if these associations, documented primarily in high-income countries, are also evident across economically and culturally distinctive low- and middle-income countries.

Caregiving and social support for gay and bisexual men with prostate cancer.

Objective: Prostate cancer, the second most common cancer among men, typically onsets in middle or older age. Gay/bisexual men have different social networks and unique social support needs, particularly as it pertains to health care access and prostate side effects. Few studies have investigated the availability and provision of social support for gay and bisexual men with prostate cancer (GBMPCa).

Operationalizing Frailty in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study Cohort.

Background: Factors that may contribute to the development of frailty in late life have not been widely investigated. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study cohort presents an opportunity to examine relationships of midlife risk factors with frailty in late life. However, we first present findings on the validation of an established frailty phenotype in this predominantly biracial population of older adults.

Changes in Depressive Symptoms and Incidence of First Stroke Among Middle-Aged and Older US Adults.

Background: Although research has demonstrated that depressive symptoms predict stroke incidence, depressive symptoms are dynamic. It is unclear whether stroke risk persists if depressive symptoms remit.

Methods And Results: Health and Retirement Study participants (n=16 178, stroke free and noninstitutionalized at baseline) were interviewed biennially from 1998 to 2010.

Do physical activity, smoking, drinking, or depression modify transitions from cognitive impairment to functional disability?

Background: Individual-level modifiers can delay onset of limitations in basic activities of daily living (ADLs) among cognitively impaired individuals. We assessed whether these modifiers also delayed onset of limitations in instrumental ADLs (IADLs) among individuals at elevated dementia risk.

Objectives: To determine whether modifiable individual-level factors delay incident IADL limitations among adults stratified by dementia risk.

Changes in memory before and after stroke differ by age and sex, but not by race.

Background: Post-stroke memory impairment is more common among older adults, women and blacks. It is unclear whether post-stroke differences reflect differential effects of stroke per se or differences in prestroke functioning. We compare memory trajectories before and after stroke by age, sex and race.

Dementia and dependence: do modifiable risk factors delay disability?

Objective: To identify modifying factors that preserve functional independence among individuals at high dementia risk.

Methods: Health and Retirement Study participants aged 65 years or older without baseline activities of daily living (ADL) limitations (n = 4,922) were interviewed biennially for up to 12 years. Dementia probability, estimated from direct and proxy cognitive assessments, was categorized as low (i.

The disability burden associated with stroke emerges before stroke onset and differentially affects blacks: results from the health and retirement study cohort.

Background: Few longitudinal studies compare changes in instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) among stroke-free adults to prospectively document IADL changes among adults who experience stroke. We contrast annual declines in IADL independence for older individuals who remain stroke free to those for individuals who experienced stroke. We also assess whether these patterns differ by sex, race, or Southern birthplace.

Assessing mobility difficulties for cross-national comparisons: results from the World Health Organization Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health.

Objectives: To assess the correspondence between self-reported and measured indicators of mobility disability in older adults in six low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Design: Cross-sectional analysis of Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (SAGE).

Setting: Household surveys in China, India, Russia, South Africa, Ghana, and Mexico.