Reconstruction of the Forehead and Scalp.

Tissue inelasticity and the hair-bearing nature of the scalp and forehead pose unique challenges during reconstruction. A thorough understanding of the surgical anatomy of the scalp and forehead is paramount for optimal reconstructive outcomes. Primary wound closure is usually preferred over secondary intention healing and skin grafting.

Utility of nasal swab and age in detecting methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in pediatric head and neck abscesses.

Objective: To identify risk factors associated with the presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in surgical cultures taken from incision and drainage (I&D) of head and neck abscesses in the pediatric population.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Methods: All patients under 18 years of age with a head and neck abscess requiring I&D from 2009 to 2015 were reviewed.

Disinfection of rigid nasal endoscopes following in vitro contamination with Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Haemophilus influenzae.

Importance: If not adequately cleaned, rigid nasal endoscopes (RNEs) have the potential to cause iatrogenic cross-contamination.

Objective: To test the efficacy of various disinfection methods in reducing bacterial load on RNEs in vitro.

Design And Setting: In vitro model.