Nanomaterial Characterization in Complex Media-Guidance and Application.

A broad range of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) and their dissolved ions possess a possible toxicological risk for human health and the environment. Reliable and robust measurements of dissolution effects may be influenced by the sample matrix, which challenges the analytical method of choice. In this study, CuO NPs were investigated in several dissolution experiments.

Chronic effects of two rutile TiO nanomaterials in human intestinal and hepatic cell lines.

Background: TiO nanomaterials (NMs) are present in a variety of food and personal hygiene products, and consumers are exposed daily to these NMs through oral exposition. While the bulk of ingested TiO NMs are eliminated rapidly in stool, a fraction is able to cross the intestinal epithelial barrier and enter systemic circulation from where NMs can be distributed to tissues, primarily liver and spleen. Daily exposure to TiO NMs, in combination with a slow rate of elimination from tissues, results in their accumulation within different tissues.

Metabolomics profiling to investigate nanomaterial toxicity and .

Nanomaterials (NMs) can be produced in plenty of variants posing several challenges for NM hazard and risk assessment. Metabolomic profiling of NM-treated cells and tissues allows for insights into underlying Mode-of-Action (MoA) and offers several advantages in this context. It supports the description of Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) and, therefore, tailored AOP-based hazard testing strategies.

The Vitamin A and D Exposure of Cells Affects the Intracellular Uptake of Aluminum Nanomaterials and its Agglomeration Behavior: A Chemo-Analytic Investigation.

Aluminum (Al) is extensively used for the production of different consumer products, agents, as well as pharmaceuticals. Studies that demonstrate neurotoxicity and a possible link to Alzheimer's disease trigger concern about potential health risks due to high Al intake. Al in cosmetic products raises the question whether a possible interaction between Al and retinol (vitamin A) and cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) metabolism might exist.

Uptake and molecular impact of aluminum-containing nanomaterials on human intestinal caco-2 cells.

Aluminum (Al) is one of the most common elements in the earth crust and increasingly used in food, consumer products and packaging. Its hazard potential for humans is still not completely understood. Besides the metallic form, Al also exists as mineral, including the insoluble oxide, and in soluble ionic forms.

Genotoxicity testing of different surface-functionalized SiO, ZrO and silver nanomaterials in 3D human bronchial models.

Inhalation is considered a critical uptake route for NMs, demanding for sound toxicity testing using relevant test systems. This study investigates cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in EpiAirway™ 3D human bronchial models using 16 well-characterized NMs, including surface-functionalized 15 nm SiO (4 variants), 10 nm ZrO (4), and nanosilver (3), ZnO NM-110, TiO NM-105, BaSO NM-220, and two AlOOH NMs. Cytotoxicity was assessed by LDH and ATP assays and genotoxicity by the alkaline comet assay.