Relationships between attention to emotion and anxiety among a community sample of adolescents.

Background: Attentional bias to threat has been implicated as a cognitive mechanism in anxiety disorders for youth. Yet, prior studies documenting this bias have largely relied on a method with questionable reliability (i.e.

Internalizing symptoms and chronotype in youth: A longitudinal assessment of anxiety, depression and tripartite model.

Biological rhythm theories highlight the reciprocal relations between dysregulated circadian patterns and internalizing psychopathology. Chronotype characterizes individuals' diurnal preference, as some exhibit more morningness or eveningness. Previous research suggests that eveningness prospectively predicts depression in adolescence.

Subjective Executive Function Weaknesses Are Linked to Elevated Internalizing Symptoms Among Community Adolescents.

Adolescence is a period of high risk for the emergence of problems with anxiety and depression. Theory and research suggest that executive function deficits accompany internalizing and externalizing problems, although more evidence is required to understand these relationships. This study employed a commonly used rating scale of executive function, the Brief Rating Inventory of Executive Function, and examined relationships with self- and parent-reported internalizing and externalizing problems among a community sample of 299 adolescents.

The relationship between depression and chronotype: A longitudinal assessment during childhood and adolescence.

Background/objective: During adolescence, chronotype shifts toward "eveningness." "Eveningness" is related to negative physical and mental health outcomes. Little is known about what influences the shift in chronotype beyond pubertal status.

A Preliminary Multimethod Comparison of Sleep Among Adolescents With and Without Generalized Anxiety Disorder.

Previous studies suggest that youth with anxiety disorders experience their sleep as more disrupted and unsatisfying than their healthy peers. However, it is unclear whether these subjective complaints align with objective measures of sleep quantity and quality. The purpose of this preliminary study was to assess subjective and objective sleep parameters, and their relationships with anxiety symptomatology, among adolescents (62.

Differences in sleep disturbances among offspring of parents with and without bipolar disorder: association with conversion to bipolar disorder.

Objectives: Disruptions in sleep and dysregulation in circadian functioning may represent core abnormalities in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BP). However, it is not clear whether these dysfunctions are state or trait markers of BP. This report compared sleep and circadian phenotypes among three groups: offspring of parents with BP diagnosed with BP at intake (BP/OB; n = 47), offspring of parents with BP without BP at intake (non-BP/OB; n = 386), and offspring of matched control parents who did not have BP (controls; n = 301).

An fMRI study of attentional control in the context of emotional distracters in euthymic adults with bipolar disorder.

Inability to modulate attention away from emotional stimuli may be a key component of dysregulated emotion in bipolar disorder (BD). Previous studies of BD indicate abnormalities in neural circuitry underlying attentional control, yet few studies examined attentional control in the context of emotional distracters. We compared activity and connectivity in neural circuitry supporting attentional control and emotion processing among 22 individuals with BD type 1, currently remitted and euthymic, and 19 healthy controls.

A preliminary study of sleep in adolescents with bipolar disorder, ADHD, and non-patient controls.

Objectives: To compare the sleep of adolescents with bipolar disorder (BD) to groups of adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder-combined type (ADHD-C) and those without psychopathology.

Methods: A sample of 13 adolescents diagnosed with BD who were not in the midst of a mood episode, 14 adolescents with ADHD-C, and 21 healthy controls, all between the ages of 11 and 17 years served as participants. They were psychiatrically evaluated using a structured diagnostic interview and completed four nights of in-home sleep monitoring using actigraphy and sleep diaries.

Relationships between Social Information Processing and Aggression among Adolescent Girls with and without ADHD.

This study investigated the relationship between social information processing and both relational and physical aggression in a longitudinally-followed sample of 228 adolescent girls (ages 11-18; 140 with ADHD and 88 comparison girls). During childhood, girls participated in naturalistic summer camps where peer rejection, overt physical aggression, and relational aggression were assessed via multiple informants and methods. Approximately 4.

Sleep and circadian rhythms in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder.

The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of the sleep-wake cycle in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder. After presenting an overview of the measurement and function of human sleep, we describe changes in sleep and circadian functioning across the life cycle. We then review evidence that, in adults, sleep and/or circadian rhythms are of considerable influence in the multifactorial causal chain implicated in relapse in bipolar disorder, discussing relevant mechanisms.