The future direction of imaging in prostate cancer: MRI with or without contrast injection.

Background: Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) is the "state of the art" management tool for patients with suspicion of prostate cancer (PCa). The role of non-contrast MRI is investigated to move toward a more personalized, less invasive, and highly cost-effective PCa diagnostic workup.

Objective: To perform a non-systematic review of the existing literature to highlight strength and flaws of performing non-contrast MRI, and to provide a critical overview of the international scientific production on the topic.

Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate and Iatrogenic Arteriovenous Fistula Treated by Superselective Arterial Embolization.

Iatrogenic pelvic pseudoaneurysm with concomitant arteriovenous fistula has been described as a rare and challenging complication, which may occur during transurethral resection of the prostate. We provide the first report of this complication after holmium laser enucleation of the prostate for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The attempt to control the bleeding by conversion to open surgery and placement of haemostatic stitches into the prostatic fossa failed.

Robotic radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review.

Background: Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) is the actual gold-standard for the treatment of clinically localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) (cT1-2 with no indications for nephron-sparing surgery). Limited evidence is currently available on the role of robotics in the field of radical nephrectomy. The aim of the current study was to provide a systematic review of the current evidence on the role of robotic radical nephrectomy (RRN) and to analyze the comparative studies between RRN and open nephrectomy (ON)/LRN.

A randomized exploratory trial of steroid avoidance in renal transplant patients treated with everolimus and low-dose cyclosporine.

Background: Everolimus and cyclosporine exhibit synergistic immunosuppressive activity when given in combination. In this randomized trial, we explored whether the use of everolimus associated with low-dose cyclosporine could allow an early avoidance of steroids in de novo renal transplant recipients.

Methods: In this exploratory multicenter trial, 65 out of 133 patients treated with basiliximab (days 0 and 4), everolimus 3 mg/day and cyclosporine were randomized to stop steroids on the seventh post-transplant day (group A), whereas the remaining 68 continued low-dose steroid treatment (group B).

[Acute abdomen due to primary small bowel neoplasm. Diagnostic approach and therapeutic modalities].

We report our experience over the period 2000-2004 with the diagnosis and treatment of primary small bowel neoplasms in the emergency setting, stressing the importance of a correct preoperative diagnosis for the implementation of specific treatment. From January 2000 to September 2004 we treated 5674 patients, 8 of whom (0.8%) presented a primary small bowel neoplasm emergency.