The Regulatory Role of Neuropeptide Gene Glucagon in Colorectal Cancer: A Comprehensive Bioinformatic Analysis.

Background: Colorectal cancer is highly prevalent and causes high global mortality, and glucagon axis has been implicated in colon cancer. The present study is aimed at investigating the regulating mechanisms of glucagon involvement in colorectal cancer.

Methods: Publicly available data from the TCGA database was utilized to explore the expression pattern and regulating role of glucagon (GCG) in colorectal cancer (COADREAD) including colon adenocarcinomas (COAD) and rectum adenocarcinomas (READ).

Adapting and Remolding: Orchestrating Tumor Microenvironment Normalization with Photodynamic Therapy by Size Transformable Nanoframeworks.

Abnormal tumor microenvironment (TME) facilitates tumor proliferation and metastasis and establishes physiological barriers for effective transport of therapeutics inside the tumor, posing great challenges for cancer treatment. We designed a core-satellite size transformable nanoframework (denoted as T-PFRT) that can synchronously adapt to and remold TME for augmenting photodynamic therapy to inhibit tumor growth and prevent tumor metastasis. Upon matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2)-responsive dissociation of the nanoframework in TME, the core structure loaded with TGFβ signaling pathway inhibitor and oxygen-carrying hemoglobin aims to stroma remodeling and hypoxia relief, allowing photosensitizer-encapsulated satellite particles to penetrate to deep-seated tumor for oxygen-fueled photodynamic therapy.

Drag reduction mechanism of Paramisgurnus dabryanus loach with self-lubricating and flexible micro-morphology.

Underwater machinery withstands great resistance in the water, which can result in consumption of a large amount of power. Inspired by the character that loach could move quickly in mud, the drag reduction mechanism of Paramisgurnus dabryanus loach is discussed in this paper. Subjected to the compression and scraping of water and sediments, a loach could not only secrete a lubricating mucus film, but also importantly, retain its mucus well from losing rapidly through its surface micro structure.

microRNA-144 inhibits cell proliferation and invasion by directly targeting TIGAR in esophageal carcinoma.

microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified to play vital roles in the development and progression of numerous different types of human malignancy, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In the present study, the biological function of microRNA-144 (miR-144) was investigated, as well as its underlying molecular mechanism in ESCC. The results revealed that miR-144 expression was significantly decreased, whereas the expression of TP53-inducible glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) was significantly increased in human ESCC tissues when compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues.

Microwave ablation plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter, randomized, controlled, phase III clinical trial.

Objectives: This prospective trial was performed to verify whether microwave ablation (MWA) in combination with chemotherapy could provide superior survival benefit compared with chemotherapy alone.

Materials And Methods: From March 1, 2015, to June 20, 2017, treatment-naïve patients with pathologically verified advanced or recurrent non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were randomly assigned to MWA plus chemotherapy group or chemotherapy group. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), while the secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), time to local progression (TTLP), and objective response rate (ORR).

Promoting Oxidative Stress in Cancer Starvation Therapy by Site-Specific Startup of Hyaluronic Acid-Enveloped Dual-Catalytic Nanoreactors.

Cutting off the glucose supply by glucose oxidase (GOx) has been regarded as an emerging strategy in cancer starvation therapy. However, the standalone GOx delivery suffered suboptimal potency for tumor elimination and potential risks of damaging vasculatures and normal organs during transportation. To enhance therapeutic efficacy and tumor specificity, a site-specific activated dual-catalytic nanoreactor was herein constructed by embedding GOx and ferrocene in hyaluronic acid (HA)-enveloped dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles to promote intratumoral oxidative stress in cancer starvation.