Pulmonary vascular dysfunction without pulmonary hypertension: A distinct phenotype in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Pulmonary vascular dysfunction in the absence of pulmonary hypertension (PH) has been observed in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We describe the prevalence and etiology of elevated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) without PH among patients with IPF. Hemodynamic, echocardiographic, and functional respiratory imaging (FRI) data was compared between patients with IPF without PH with normal (<3 wood units) and elevated PVR (≥3 wood units).

A Comprehensive Appraisal of Risk Prediction Models for Cardiogenic Shock.

Despite advances in early revascularization, percutaneous hemodynamic support platforms, and systems of care, cardiogenic shock (CS) remains associated with a mortality rate higher than 50%. Several risk stratification models have been derived since the 1990 s to identify patients at high risk of adverse outcomes. Still, limited information is available on the differences between scoring systems and their relative applicability to both acute myocardial infarction and advanced decompensated heart failure CS.