Impact of chitosan-incorporated toothpaste on roughness, gloss, and antifungal potential of acrylic resin.

This study aimed to test the efficacy of different silica-based toothpastes with or without chitosan, as a method of cleaning the acrylic surfaces of denture prostheses. Acrylic resin specimens were prepared to evaluate surface roughness and gloss (n = 10), and Candida albicans adhesion/inhibition (n = 2). Two toothpastes with different degrees of abrasiveness were used: Colgate (CT) and Elmex (EX), with or without 0.

Berberine-fluconazole microparticle-based combination therapy to treat candidiasis infections.

Aim: This study aims to incorporate alginate microparticles containing berberine and fluconazole into two different types of pharmaceutical formulations, to subsequently evaluate the antifungal activity against Candida albicans.

Methods And Results: Alginate microparticles containing BBR (berberine) and FLU (fluconazole) were produced by the spray-drying technique, characterized and incorporated in two pharmaceutical formulations, a vaginal cream and artificial saliva. Broth microdilution, checkerboard, time-kill curve, and scanning electron microscopy were carried out to determine the antifungal effects of BBR and FLU against C.

Synthetic dibenzylideneketones as promising anti-herpes simplex virus type 1 agents.

New antiviral agents for the treatment of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection, which causes a highly prevalent and incurable disease, are needed. Here, we report for the first time the in vitro anti-HSV-1 activity of two dibenzylideneketone compounds: DBK1 and DBK2. DBK1 demonstrated virucidal activity, and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy showed that it caused morphological changes in the HSV-1 envelope.

New cadinene-sesquiterpene from (lam.) R. M. King & H. Rob (Asteraceae) aerial parts and biological activities.

Phytochemical investigation of led to the isolation of a new cadinene-sesquiterpene, chromolaevigone glucoside (), along with nine known compounds: daucosterol (), stigmasterol glycoside (), stigmasterol (), β-sitosterol (), pilloin (), gonzalitosin I (), quercetin-3--α-rhamnopyranoside (), 7,7-dihydroxy-calamen-12-oic acid lactone () and trachelanthic acid (). Others 11 known compounds were identified by UHPLC-HRMS/MS. These compounds are being described for the first time in this species, with the exception of cadinene .

Dimeric glycosylated flavan-3-ol and antimicrobial evaluation of extracts.

is a tree known as "catuaba", widely distributed in Brazil. Studies carried out with barks suggest that plant has antidepressant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral, and preventive against brain damage. The aim of this work was to isolate and characterise compounds from the semipurified fraction of barks, and to conduct microbiological screening against bacteria and fungi.

Manufacturing Different Types of Solid Dispersions of BCS Class IV Polyphenol (Daidzein) by Spray Drying: Formulation and Bioavailability.

Daidzein (DZ) is a polyphenolic compound belonging to Biopharmaceutical Classification System class IV, which shows that it may have limited therapeutic effects due to its low solubility and poor bioavailability. This study aimed to obtain high-purity DZ and prepare and characterize different types of solid dispersions (SDs) in order to enhance aqueous solubility and bioavailability. Excipients were investigated in order to manufacture different types of solid dispersions (SDs).

Activity and Cell-Death Pathway in Induced by Sugiol: Vectorization Using Yeast Cell Wall Particles Obtained From .

Visceral leishmaniasis, caused by , is a neglected tropical disease, to which efforts in the innovation of effective and affordable treatments remain limited, despite the rising incidence in several regions of the world. In this work, the antileishmanial effects of sugiol were investigated . This compound was isolated from the bark of and showed promising activity against .

Evaluation of anti-HSV-1 activity and toxicity of hydroethanolic extract of Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch.Bip. (Asteraceae).

Background: Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) is widely distributed throughout the world's population. The virus spreads through direct contact with an infected individual. After primary infection, the virus remains in a latent state, and the recurrence of herpetic lesions is common.

Anti-herpes activity of polysaccharide fractions from leaves.

The antiviral potential of natural polysaccharide compounds has been demonstrated, especially against enveloped viruses and members of the family. Two polysaccharide fractions obtained from (Bertoni) leaves, that were active against Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) were studied to investigate their mode of action. Both polysaccharides - SFW (crude faction) and SSFK (homogeneous alkaline fraction) - exerted antiviral effects on the initial stages of HSV-1 infection by inhibiting viral adsorption and penetration.

Larvicidal potential of piperovatine in the control of cattle tick.

Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus is one of the most important ectoparasites in cattle breeding worldwide, causing direct and indirect losses to animals and producers. Chemical acaricides are utilized in the control of cattle tick and the increase in the development of resistance by ectoparasites makes new alternative necessary. Therefore, research studies have been carried out using bioactive molecules that are quickly degraded and that reduce poisoning to appliers and non-target organisms, environmental contamination and development of resistance.

Quinoxaline derivatives as potential antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial agents.

Continuous efforts have been made to discover new drugs for the treatment of Chagas' disease, human African trypanosomiasis, and leishmaniasis. We have previously reported the synthesis and antileishmanial and antitrypanosomal (Y strain) properties of 2,3-disubstituted quinoxalines. Considering their promising antiparasitic potential, the present study was conducted to expand our search and take advantage of high-throughput assays to investigate the effects of quinoxaline derivatives against Leishmania donovani, Trypanosoma brucei, and Trypanosoma cruzi (Tulahuen strain).

Parthenolide Influences Herpes simplex virus 1 Replication in vitro.

Background/aims: Parthenolide is a sesquiterpene lactone that is present in plants of the Tanacetum genus, for which many biological effects have already been reported, including antiherpetic activity. Although the effectiveness of parthenolide against Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) has already been demonstrated, such findings are still controversial. The objective of this study was to investigate the ways in which parthenolide exerts anti-HSV-1 activity.

Pheophorbide a, a compound isolated from the leaves of Arrabidaea chica, induces photodynamic inactivation of Trypanosoma cruzi.

Background: Approximately 6-7 million people are infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas' disease. Only two therapeutic compounds have been found to be useful against this disease: nifurtimox and benznidazole. These drugs have been effective in the acute phase of the disease but less effective in the chronic phase; they also have many side effects.

Antiviral Activity of Crude Hydroethanolic Extract from Schinus terebinthifolia against Herpes simplex Virus Type 1.

virus infections persist throughout the lifetime of the host and affect more than 80 % of the humans worldwide. The intensive use of available therapeutic drugs has led to undesirable effects, such as drug-resistant strains, prompting the search for new antiherpetic agents. Although diverse bioactivities have been identified in , its antiviral activity has not attracted much attention.

C5 induces different cell death pathways in promastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis.

Leishmaniasis is a neglected infection that is caused by Leishmania protozoa, affecting millions of people worldwide, mainly in tropical and subtropical regions. This disease has different clinical forms: cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral. The drugs that are currently available for the treatment of this infection have limitations, such as high toxicity, long-term treatment, and leads to drug-resistant strains.

In vitro Cytotoxicity and Anti-herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Activity of Hydroethanolic Extract, Fractions, and Isolated Compounds from Stem Bark of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi.

Background: Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is associated with orofacial infections and is transmitted by direct contact with infected secretions. Several efforts have been expended in the search for drugs to the treatment for herpes. Schinus terebinthifolius is used in several illnesses and among them, for the topical treatment of skin wounds, especially wounds of mucous membranes, whether infected or not.

Formulation and Evaluation of a Mucoadhesive Thermoresponsive System Containing Brazilian Green Propolis for the Treatment of Lesions Caused by Herpes Simplex Type I.

The aim of the present work was to develop a topical delivery system that contains Brazilian green propolis extract (PE-8) to increase efficiency and convenience when applied to herpetic lesions. The cytotoxicity and antiherpetic activity was determined in vitro and in vivo. The PE-8 was added to a system that contained poloxamer 407 and carbopol 934P.

Antifungal Properties of Crude Extracts, Fractions, and Purified Compounds from Bark of Curatella americana L. (Dilleniaceae) against Candida Species.

The ethnomedicinal plant Curatella americana L. (Dilleniaceae) is a common shrub in the Brazilian cerrado, in which crude extract showed antifungal activity in a preliminary study. In this work, the antifungal and cytotoxic properties of the crude extract, fractions, and isolated compounds from C.

Effect of 1-(phenyl)-N'-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-9H-pyrido[3,4-b] indole-3-carbohydrazide on in vitro poliovirus replication.

The effect of the alkaloid 1-(phenyl)-N'-(4-methoxybenzylidene)- 9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carbohydrazide (PMC) on the poliovirus (PV) replication cycle in Vero cells was assayed by inhibition of the cytopathic effect (CPE) and inhibition of plaque forming units (PFU). Both methodologies suggested that the mode of action was avoidance of infection progression in the host cell. The compound was able to prevent CPE and PFU formation when the cells were pretreated with PMC for 24 h prior to PV infection.

4-Nitrobenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone: a new compound derived from S-(-)-limonene that induces mitochondrial alterations in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi.

Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas' disease, a parasitic disease that remains a serious health concern with unsatisfactory treatment. Drugs that are currently used to treat Chagas' disease are partially effective in the acute phase but ineffective in the chronic phase of the disease. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antitrypanosomal activity and morphological, ultrastructural and biochemical alterations induced by a new molecule, 4-nitrobenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (BZTS), derived from S-(-)-limonene against epimastigote, trypomastigote and intracellular amastigote forms of T.

Preparation of Spray-Dried Soy Isoflavone-Loaded Gelatin Microspheres for Enhancement of Dissolution: Formulation, Characterization and in Vitro Evaluation.

The most bioactive soy isoflavones (SI), daidzein (DAI) and genistein (GEN) have poor water solubility, which reduces their bioavailability and health benefits and limits their use in industry. The goal of this study was to develop and characterize a new gelatin matrix to microencapsulate DAI and GEN from soy extract (SE) by spray drying, in order to obtain solid dispersions to overcome solubility problems and to allow controlled release. The influences of 1:2 (MP2) and 1:3 (MP3) SE/polymer ratios on the solid state, yield, morphology, encapsulation efficiency, particle size distribution, release kinetics and cumulative release were evaluated.

Cell death and ultrastructural alterations in Leishmania amazonensis caused by new compound 4-Nitrobenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone derived from S-limonene.

Background: The treatment of leishmaniasis with pentavalent antimonials is problematic because of their toxicity. Investigations of potentially active molecules are important to discover less toxic drugs that are viable economic alternatives for the treatment of leishmaniasis. Thiosemicarbazones are a group of molecules that are known for their wide versatility and biological activity.

Structural changes and differentially expressed genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa exposed to meropenem-ciprofloxacin combination.

The effect of a meropenem-ciprofloxacin combination (MCC) on the susceptibility of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MRPA) clinical isolates was determined using checkerboard and time-kill curve techniques. Structural changes and differential gene expression that resulted from the synergistic action of the MCC against one of the P. aeruginosa isolates (1071-MRPA]) were evaluated using electron microscopy and representational difference analysis (RDA), respectively.

Acute and Chronic Toxicity of an Aqueous Fraction of the Stem Bark of Stryphnodendron adstringens (Barbatimão) in Rodents.

Stryphnodendron adstringens has a high tannin content and is used as an antiseptic and antimicrobial and in the treatment of leucorrhea, gonorrhea, wound healing, and gastritis. The present study evaluated the toxic effects of the heptamer prodelphinidin (F2) from the stem bark of S. adstringens in rodents.