Intra-tracheal amikacin spray delivery in healthy mechanically ventilated piglets.

Background: Nebulization during mechanical ventilation is impeded by large extra-pulmonary drug deposition and long administration durations which currently limit implementation of inhaled antibiotic therapy. Direct intra-tracheal delivery using a sprayer represents an appealing alternative investigated in small animal models, but large animal data are lacking.

Methods: Amikacin was administered through intravenous infusion (20 mg/kg), nebulization (60 mg/kg) and direct intra-tracheal spray (30 mg/kg) to 10 intubated piglets, in a randomized cross-over design.

Proteomic demonstration of the recurrent presence of inter-alpha-inhibitor H4 heavy-chain during aspergillosis induced in an animal model.

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis remains a matter of great concern in oncology/haematology, intensive care units and organ transplantation departments. Despite the availability of various diagnostic tools with attractive features, new markers of infection are required for better medical care. We therefore looked for potential pulmonary biomarkers of aspergillosis, by carrying out two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis comparing the proteomes of bronchial-alveolar lavage fluids (BALF) from infected rats and from control rats presenting non-specific inflammation, both immunocompromised.

[About a case of rhabdomyosarcoma with an aberrant expression of epithelial markers: a cause of misdiagnosis].

We present the case of an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of orbitary location with aberrant expression of epithelial markers in a 51-year-old female. The rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare tumor of soft tissues affecting mainly the child, but also exceptionally adults over 50. When it presents as a small round cells tumor, particularly in the region of head and neck, its differential diagnosis with several other poorly differentiated tumors may be difficult.

[Endometrial and endocervical lesions associated with pseudomyxoma peritonei: a case report].

The association of a pseudomyxoma peritonei with a mucinous tumor of the appendix and/or the ovary is regularly reported in the literature. However, in this context, endometrial or endocervical lesions remain exceptional. We report the case of a 57-year-old patient, with pseudomyxoma peritonei associated with a low-grade mucinous neoplasia of appendix and both ovaries.

[Request of second opinion for difficult diagnosis in surgical pathology. Assessment of a one year activity in a general hospital].

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate our practices concerning difficult lesions sent for second opinion to an expert.

Material And Methods: We analyzed retrospectively all the requests for second opinion carried out over one year in our laboratory. The following data were indexed: organ, pathology (tumoral or not), type of sampling, the time, additional techniques carried out by the expert and comparison of the initial diagnosis with that of the expert.