High sedentary behavior and low light physical activity are associated with worse glucose rates in cardiometabolic diseases' subjects.

Background: This study is characterized as an observational study that aimed to analyze the association between time spent in sedentary behavior (SB), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with biomarkers of the cardiometabolic profile in individuals with cardiovascular and/or metabolic diseases.

Methods: The sample consisted of 149 participants (60.68 ± 10.

Host Status of Ornamental Shade Trees and Shrubs to Plant Parasitic Nematodes.

Oregon leads the United States in nursery production of shade trees and is third in deciduous and broadleaf evergreen shrub production. Plant-parasitic nematodes have been implicated in problems with the growth of plants in nurseries and are also of phytosanitary risk. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the host status of four trees () and two shrubs , ) to , and .

[Cardiac arrest in school: the role of teachers as BLS-D providers].

Background: The implementation of BLS-D training courses in the school setting aims to increase the number of future citizens competent in the recognition and treatment of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest to increase overall survival. It is important to make teachers and students aware of their social responsibilities, consolidating collaboration with healthcare professionals. The present study investigates, through a cross-sectional cognitive survey, the perception of the importance of knowledge and diffusion of basic BLS manoeuvres and early defibrillation in the treatment of cardiac arrest.

Nanoconfinement Allows a Less Active Cascade Catalyst to Produce More C Products in Electrochemical CO Reduction.

Enzymes with multiple distinct active sites linked by substrate channels combined with control over the solution environment near the active sites enable the formation of complex products from simple reactants via the confinement of intermediates. We mimic this concept to facilitate the electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction using nanoparticles with a core that produces intermediate CO at different rates and a porous copper shell. CO reacts at the core to produce CO which then diffuses through the Cu to give higher order hydrocarbon molecules.

Food consumption scale validation in VAMOS Program: a proposal to assess eating behavior changes in Brazil.

This study aimed to validate the frequency consumption scale (FCS) and establish cut-off points to assess changes in the eating behavior of participants in the VAMOS Program. The study was based on a community intervention conducted in 2019 in 70 Brazilian cities, with 458 adults from Primary Care. The questionnaire consisted of 12 questions about food frequency consumption.

Barriers and facilitators of domain-specific physical activity: a systematic review of reviews.

Background: Knowing what facilitates and hinders physical activity behaviour across domains (leisure, travel, work or education, and household) is central for the development of actions for more active lifestyles. Thus, the aim of this systematic review of reviews was to summarize the evidence on barriers and facilitators of domain-specific physical activity.

Methods: We included systematic reviews with or without meta-analysis that investigated the association between modifiable barriers and facilitators and levels of domain-specific physical activity.

Evaluating the implementation of the active life improving health behavior change program "BCP-VAMOS" in primary health care: Protocol of a pragmatic randomized controlled trial using the RE-AIM and CFIR frameworks.

Introduction: The effective translation of evidence-based interventions has contributed to implementing actions that impact public policies and the population's health. However, there is a gap in the literature regarding the factors associated with the successful implementation of these interventions. The Active Life Improving Health Behavior Change Program (BCP-VAMOS) uses behavioral strategies to promote an active and healthy lifestyle in the community.

Barriers and facilitators for physical activity domains in Brazil: a systematic review.

This study aimed to systematically review scientific evidence on the barriers and facilitators of physical activity (PA) among the Brazilian population, considering different domains (leisure, travel, work/study, and household). The search was conducted in the MEDLINE/PubMed, ISI Web of Science, SCOPUS, BIREME/LILACS, and APA PsycNET databases and was limited to papers published between 2010 and 2020. A manual search of the Brazilian Journal of Physical Activity & Health was also conducted.

Combining Nanoconfinement in Ag Core/Porous Cu Shell Nanoparticles with Gas Diffusion Electrodes for Improved Electrocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction.

Bimetallic silver-copper electrocatalysts are promising materials for electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR) to fuels and multi-carbon molecules. Here, we combine Ag core/porous Cu shell particles, which entrap reaction intermediates and thus facilitate the formation of C products at low overpotentials, with gas diffusion electrodes (GDE). Mass transport plays a crucial role in the product selectivity in CORR.

Introducing Stacking Faults into Three-Dimensional Branched Nickel Nanoparticles for Improved Catalytic Activity.

Creating high surface area nanocatalysts that contain stacking faults is a promising strategy to improve catalytic activity. Stacking faults can tune the reactivity of the active sites, leading to improved catalytic performance. The formation of branched metal nanoparticles with control of the stacking fault density is synthetically challenging.

Physical Activity Guidelines for the Brazilian Population: Development and Methods.

Background: This article describes the process and methods used in the development of the first ever Physical Activity Guidelines for the Brazilian Population.

Methods: The steering committee established 8 working groups based on other guidelines and the Brazilian agenda for public health and physical activity (PA) promotion: (1) understanding PA; (2) children up to 5 years; (3) children and youth (6-17 y); (4) adults; (5) older adults (60 years and above); (6) physical education at school; (7) pregnant and postpartum women; and (8) people with disabilities. Working groups were formed to (1) synthesize the literature on each topic; (2) conduct workshops with stakeholders, health professionals, researchers, and the public; and (3) prepare a draft chapter for open online consultation.

Physical Activity Guidelines for the Brazilian Population: Recommendations Report.

Background: This article presents the recommendations from the Physical Activity Guidelines for the Brazilian Population.

Methods: A steering committee composed of a chair, 6 experts in physical activity, and representatives from the Ministry of Health/Brazil, Pan American Health Organization, Brazilian Society of Physical Activity and Health designed the guidelines, which was implemented by 8 working groups, as follows: (1) understanding physical activity, (2) children up to 5 years old, (3) children and youth from 6 to 17 years old, (4) adults, (5) older adults (60 years and above), (6) physical education at school, (7) pregnant and postpartum women, and (8) people with disabilities. The methodological steps included evidence syntheses, hearings with key stakeholders, and public consultation.

The Influence of Nanoconfinement on Electrocatalysis.

The use of nanoparticles and nanostructured electrodes are abundant in electrocatalysis. These nanometric systems contain elements of nanoconfinement in different degrees, depending on the geometry, which can have a much greater effect on the activity and selectivity than often considered. In this Review, we firstly identify the systems containing different degrees of nanoconfinement and how they can affect the activity and selectivity of electrocatalytic reactions.

Sociodemographic determinants of multimorbidity in Brazilian adults and older adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Multimorbidity due to non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) constitutes a significant challenge for healthcare systems. To attenuate its impacts, it is essential to identify the sociodemographic determinants of this condition, which can discriminate against population segments that are more exposed.

Objective: To identify associations between multimorbidity conditions and sociodemographic indicators among Brazilian adults and older adults.

Clustering of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Associated With Body Composition in Brazilian Older Adults.

This study described the clustering patterns of moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary time (ST) according to handgrip strength and investigated the association between identified clusters of fat and lean mass in older adults from southern Brazil. Objective measures were used for moderate to vigorous physical activity, ST, and body composition outcomes. Two-step cluster and linear regression analyses were conducted according to handgrip strength.

"Growing through relationship" - the Engagement of the Health Professional Students in the Internship Experience: a Grounded Theory Research.

Background And Aim: Little is known about the students' engagement in the training experience and how it is lived by the health professional students. We aim at building a theoretical model of the engagement process starting from their lived experiences with Grounded Theory approach.

Methods: In-depth qualitative interviews are conducted with 12 students from the Master Degree Courses in Nursing, Physiotherapy and Prevention Techniques in the environment and in the workplace, who had carried out and/or were doing internships in the same territory (2nd and 3rd year).

Using Multilevel Regression and Poststratification to Estimate Physical Activity Levels from Health Surveys.

Background: Large-scale health surveys often consider sociodemographic characteristics and several health indicators influencing physical activity that often vary across subpopulations. Data in a survey for some small subpopulations are often not representative of the larger population.

Objective: We developed a multilevel regression and poststratification (MRP) model to estimate leisure-time physical activity across Brazilian state capitals and evaluated whether the MRP outperforms single-level regression estimates based on the Brazilian cross-sectional national survey VIGITEL (2018).

Physical activity and sedentary behavior as multimorbidity discriminators among elderly Brazilians: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Associations between behaviors and individual chronic diseases have been demonstrated. However, the relationship between time spent on sedentary behavior and multimorbidity remains less clear.

Objective: To identify the predictive power of various intensities of physical activity versus sedentary behavior, as discriminatory factors for cardiometabolic multimorbidity (cardiovascular diseases and diabetes) in the elderly.

Is Cu instability during the CO reduction reaction governed by the applied potential or the local CO concentration?

Cu-based catalysts have shown structural instability during the electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR). However, studies on monometallic Cu catalysts do not allow a nuanced differentiation between the contribution of the applied potential and the local concentration of CO as the reaction intermediate since both are inevitably linked. We first use bimetallic Ag-core/porous Cu-shell nanoparticles, which utilise nanoconfinement to generate high local CO concentrations at the Ag core at potentials at which the Cu shell is still inactive for the CORR.

Controlling hydrogen evolution reaction activity on Ni core-Pt island nanoparticles by tuning the size of the Pt islands.

Pt islands with different sizes were grown on amorphous Ni nanoparticles, allowing the tuning of the Pt-Ni interface without changing the hydrogen binding energy of the Pt sites. As a result, the HER activity of the electrocatalysts increases by decreasing the size of the Pt islands due to the greater surface area of the Pt-Ni interfaces.

Similar functional capacity and handgrip strength of trained elderly women with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study.

Background: This study compares the functional capacity and handgrip strength of older women with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D) who practiced physical exercises.

Methods: Twenty-six older women who practiced physical exercises participated in the study (13 with T2D - DM; 13 without T2D - CON). Functional capacity and handgrip strength were assessed.

Controlling the Number of Branches and Surface Facets of Pd-Core Ru-Branched Nanoparticles to Make Highly Active Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalysts.

Producing stable but active materials is one of the enduring challenges in electrocatalysis and other types of catalysis. Producing branched nanoparticles is one potential solution. Controlling the number of branches and branch size of faceted branched nanoparticles is one of the major synthetic challenges to achieve highly active and stable nanocatalysts.

Predicting needlestick and sharps injuries in nursing students: Development of the SNNIP scale.

Aim: To develop an instrument to investigate knowledge and predictive factors of needlestick and sharps injuries (NSIs) in nursing students during clinical placements.

Design: Instrument development and cross-sectional study for psychometric testing.

Methods: A self-administered instrument including demographic data, injury epidemiology and predictive factors of NSIs was developed between October 2018-January 2019.

Increased length of active labor is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes among nulliparous women undergoing labor induction.

Objective: Evaluate the association between current recommendations for active labor duration in nulliparous women undergoing labor induction and adverse perinatal outcomes.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study from 2012 to 2015. Subjects were nulliparous, 18-44 years, cephalic, singleton ≥37 weeks undergoing labor induction who reached active labor.

Faceted Branched Nickel Nanoparticles with Tunable Branch Length for High-Activity Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Biomass.

Controlling the formation of nanosized branched nanoparticles with high uniformity is one of the major challenges in synthesizing nanocatalysts with improved activity and stability. Using a cubic-core hexagonal-branch mechanism to form highly monodisperse branched nanoparticles, we vary the length of the nickel branches. Lengthening the nickel branches, with their high coverage of active facets, is shown to improve activity for electrocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), as an example for biomass conversion.