Perspectives on low-value care and barriers to de-implementation among primary care physicians: a multinational survey.

Background: Healthcare costs are rising worldwide. At the same time, a considerable proportion of care does not benefit or may even be harmful to patients. We aimed to explore attitudes towards low-value care and identify the most important barriers to the de-implementation of low-value care use in primary care in high-income countries.

Examining potential Long COVID effects through utilization of healthcare resources: a retrospective, population-based, matched cohort study comparing individuals with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Background: A significant proportion of individuals reports persistent clinical manifestations following SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) acute infection. Nevertheless, knowledge of the burden of this condition-often referred to as 'Long COVID'-on the health care system remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate healthcare utilization potentially related to Long COVID.

Prolonged Social Withdrawal During Adolescence: Transdiagnostic Syndrome or a New Psychiatric Entity?

The Japanese term Hikikomori is used to describe a clinical condition in which young people present a prolonged social withdrawal and isolation. Hikikomori syndrome represents an emergent worldwide phenomenon but is still poorly reported and often misdiagnosed. This study investigates and describes an Italian hikikomori adolescent group.

Covid-19 pandemic, diabetes and glycemic control: Results of a retrospective cohort study of 230.000 persons with diabetes in tuscany.

Background And Aims: The COVID-19 pandemic affected the processes of routine care for chronic patients due to disrupted delivery care. The aim of the present study is to verify the COVID-19 pandemic effects on diabetes control and management.

Methods And Results: The study was designed as a retrospective observational study, performed on two cohorts of patients with diabetes in 2019 and 2020.

[Audit & Feedback: an example of use to improve adherence to therapies.].

Although the Audit & Feedback (A&F) strategy is widely used in the healthcare context, a margin of uncertainty remains regarding the actual effectiveness in actually improving healthcare quality. Effectiveness research on A&F should be improved, without replicating studies and results already consolidated over the years. Comparative efficacy studies are needed in order to evaluate A&F strategies in poorly explored research areas, such as community care or home care.

Prevalence and clustering of chronic diseases in Tuscany (Central Italy): evidence from a large administrative data warehouse.

Background: chronic diseases and multimorbidity are on the rise and have a great impact on health and services.

Objectives: to assess the prevalence and patterns of chronic diseases.

Design: cross-sectional population-based study on administrative data.

Obesity as a risk factor for hospitalization in COronaVirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) patients: Analysis of the Tuscany regional database.

Background And Aims: Aim of the present study is to determine the role of obesity as a risk factor for COronaVirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) hospitalization.

Methods And Results: This observational study was performed using Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS) Tuscany COVID-19 database by the Agenzia Regionale Sanità (ARS), including all COVID-19 cases registered until April 30th, 2020, with reported information on chronic diseases. The principal outcome was hospitalization.

Alexithymia, Metacognition, and Theory of Mind in Children and Preadolescents With Migraine Without Aura (MWoA): A Case-Control Study.

Some studies have demonstrated the high impact of headache and migraine in several areas of children and adolescents' life. In recent years, there has been an increase in scientific interest in the relationship between migraine and emotional regulation, investigating the possible consequences of emotional dysregulation on physical and mental health. While some studies have been carried out on the relationship between alexithymia and headache or migraine (especially in adults), no data exist on relationship between Theory of Mind (TOM), metacognition, and alexithymia in children and adolescents with migraine.

The role of attachment insecurity in the emergence of anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents with migraine: an empirical study.

Background: It is widely recognised that there are associations between headache, psychiatric comorbidity and attachment insecurity in both adults and children. The aims of this study were: 1) to compare perceived attachment security and anxiety in children and adolescents with migraine without aura and a healthy control group; 2) to test whether the child's perceived security of attachment to the mother and the father mediated the association between migraine and anxiety.

Methods: One hundred children and adolescents with Migraine without Aura were compared with a control group of 100 children without headache.

Headache and comorbidity in children and adolescents.

Headache is one of the most common neurological symptom reported in childhood and adolescence, leading to high levels of school absences and being associated with several comorbid conditions, particularly in neurological, psychiatric and cardiovascular systems. Neurological and psychiatric disorders, that are associated with migraine, are mainly depression, anxiety disorders, epilepsy and sleep disorders, ADHD and Tourette syndrome. It also has been shown an association with atopic disease and cardiovascular disease, especially ischemic stroke and patent foramen ovale (PFO).

Headache and sleep in children.

Several scientific studies report a close relationship between sleep and headache: sleep changes may reflect the onset and increase of both duration and frequency of headache attacks. Variations in sleep architecture, together with a poor sleep hygiene in children, may indeed be responsible for the onset of headache and its development into a chronic disease. For a correct clinical management of children with headache, it is therefore fundamental to investigate their sleep habits, architecture and potential disturbances, in order to develop adequate therapeutic plans for both sleep and headache.

Managing sleep disorders in children: which is the best strategy?

This review aims to critically analyze the literature studies showing the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral strategies in the treatment of sleep disorder during the developmental age. About 15-35% of children suffer from sleep disorder. If they are not treated right away, it can persist into adulthood.