The role of the circadian clock in cancer hallmark acquisition and immune-based cancer therapeutics.

The circadian system temporally regulates physiology to maintain homeostasis. Co-opting and disrupting circadian signals appear to be distinct attributes that are functionally important for the development of a tumor and can enable or give rise to the hallmarks that tumors use to facilitate their initiation, growth and progression. Because circadian signals are also strong regulators of immune cell proliferation, trafficking and exhaustion states, they play a role in how tumors respond to immune-based cancer therapeutics.

The Impact of Diet on the Involvement of Non-Coding RNAs, Extracellular Vesicles, and Gut Microbiome-Virome in Colorectal Cancer Initiation and Progression.

Cancer is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world today. The third most common cancer and which is most diet related is colorectal cancer (CRC). Although there is complexity and limited understanding in the link between diet and CRC, the advancement in research methods have demonstrated the involvement of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as key regulators of gene expression.

Emerging role of immune checkpoint inhibitors and predictive biomarkers in head and neck cancers.

Head and neck cancers are a group of diverse and heterogeneous tumors, among which squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) is the most prevalent. Current treatment modalities have limited efficacy; therefore, new therapies are being actively developed and evaluated. The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has led to a paradigm shift in the management of difficult-to-treat malignancies.