Paeoniflorin inhibits APEC-induced inflammation in HD11 cells through the NF-κB signaling pathway by activating CBR.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a bacterial pathogen that threatens poultry reproduction by inciting systemic inflammation and leading to chicken colibacillosis. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is an immunomodulator system that regulates inflammatory responses. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of paeoniflorin on APEC-infected HD11 cells and its underlying mechanism.

Paeoniflorin protects chicken against APEC-induced acute lung injury by affecting the endocannabinoid system and inhibiting the PI3K/AKT and NF-κB signaling pathways.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the causative agent of chicken colibacillosis. Paeoniflorin, a natural ingredient extracted from Paeonia lactiflora, has a variety of pharmacological effects including anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory. However, its effects and mechanism in APEC-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in chicken is not clear.

Mogroside V reduced the excessive endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitigated the Ulcerative colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium in mice.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic, chronic inflammatory condition of the colon, characterized by repeated attacks, a lack of effective treatment options, and significant physical and mental health complications for patients. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a vital intracellular organelle in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is induced when the body is exposed to adverse external stimuli.

Naringenin Improves Innate Immune Suppression after PRRSV Infection by Reactivating the RIG-I-MAVS Signaling Pathway, Promoting the Production of IFN-I.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) has been prevalent for nearly forty years since it was first reported. It has been one of the major diseases jeopardizing the healthy development of the world swine industry, as well as causing great economic losses to the industry's economic development. Furthermore, no way has been found to combat the disease due to the immunosuppressive properties of its pathogen porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection.

Tangeretin attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the PI3K/Akt pathway.

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a terminal pathological change in a variety of lung diseases characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix, for which effective treatment is lacking. Tangeretin (Tan), a flavonoid derived from citrus, has been shown to have a wide range of pharmacological effects. This study aimed to investigate the role and potential mechanisms of Tan on pulmonary fibrosis.

Xiaochaihu Decoction Treatment of Chicken Colibacillosis by Improving Pulmonary Inflammation and Systemic Inflammation.

Chicken colibacillosis-the most common disease of poultry, is caused mainly by avian pathogenic (APEC). It has a major impact on the poultry industry worldwide. The present study was conducted to investigate the therapeutic effects of Xiaochaihu Decoction (XCHD) supplementation on clinical manifestation, organ index, bacterial load in organ and inflammatory mediators in a chicken model challenged with APEC.

The role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in regulation of intestinal barrier and inflammatory bowel disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease involving the digestive tract, characterized by abdominal pain, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and so on, which can make patients physically weakened and live difficultly. Although IBD has been recognized for many years, the pathogenesis of IBD has not yet been established and damage to intestinal barrier is thought to be closely associated with IBD. Intestinal barrier is an innate barrier that maintains the homeostasis of the intestinal environment and impedes pathogenic bacteria and toxins, and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has recently been found to be involved in maintaining the integrity of intestinal barrier.

Baicalin inhibits APEC-induced lung injury by regulating gut microbiota and SCFA production.

Baicalin is a plant-derived flavonoid from Georgi with multiple bioactivities and has a protective effect against avian pathogenic (APEC) infection. However, the underlying mechanism of baicalin against APEC infection is still unknown. Therefore, we aimed to explore whether the protective effects and mechanisms of baicalin on APEC-induced lung inflammation were related to the regulation of gut microbiota.

Polymer Optical Waveguide Grating-Based Biosensor to Detect Effective Drug Concentrations of Ginkgolide A for Inhibition of PMVEC Apoptosis.

In this work, we successfully developed a fluorinated cross-linked polymer Bragg waveguide grating-based optical biosensor to detect effective drug concentrations of ginkgolide A for the inhibition of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell (PMVEC) apoptosis. Fluorinated photosensitive polymer SU-8 (FSU-8) as the sensing core layer and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as the sensing window cladding were synthesized. The effective drug concentration range (5-10 µg/mL) of ginkgolide A for inhibition of PMVEC apoptosis was analyzed and obtained by pharmacological studies.

Protective effects of gut microbiota and gut microbiota-derived acetate on chicken colibacillosis induced by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli.

Chicken colibacillosis is caused by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), and results in huge economic losses to the poultry industry. With the investigation of the gut-lung axis, more studies have demonstrated the important role of gut microbiota in lung inflammation. The precise role of the gut microbiota in chickens-associated colibacillosis, however, is unknown.

Sesamin protects against DSS-induced colitis in mice by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.

Objective: To investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of sesamin (SES) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis in mice.

Methods: SES (50, 100, and 200 mg kg-1) were orally administered to C57BL/6 male mice after DSS instillation. The anti-inflammatory effect of SES on colonic damage was assessed by clinical, macroscopic, microscopic, and inflammatory signaling pathways.

Madecassoside Protects Against LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury Inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB Activation and Blood-Air Barrier Permeability.

Madecassoside (MA), a crucial ingredient of , has been reported to exhibit a variety of bioactivities, including antipulmonary fibrosis, and antiinflammatory effects. Here we aimed to elucidate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of MA on LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI). The mice were treated with MA for one week and then received intratracheal of LPS to establish the ALI model.

Schizandrin attenuates inflammation induced by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in chicken type II pneumocytes.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a kind of highly pathogenic parenteral bacteria, which adheres to chicken type II pneumocytes through pili, causing inflammatory damage of chicken type II pneumocytes. Without affecting the growth of bacteria, anti-adhesion to achieve anti-inflammatory effect is considered to be a new method for the treatment of multi-drug-resistant bacterial infections. In this study, the anti-APEC activity of schizandrin was studied in vitro.

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties of helicid protect against CCl induced acute liver injury in mice.

Acute liver injury can be caused by chemicals and can lead to liver failure. We investigated the protective effect of helicid (HEL) on acute liver injury caused by CCl in mice. We found that ALT and AST levels as well as hepatic pathological damage in mice treated with CCl was increased significantly, while the effects were decreased by HEL treatment.

Schizandrin attenuates lung lesions induced by Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in chickens.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) can cause serious pathological changes and inflammation in chickens. Schizandrin has anti-inflammatory activity and can prevent damage to various tissues and organs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of schizandrin on APEC-induced lung lesions in chickens and explore the potential mechanism of schizandrin protection.

Protective Effect of Piceatannol Against Acute Lung Injury Through Protecting the Integrity of Air-Blood Barrier and Modulating the TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway Activation.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common and complex inflammatory lung syndrome with higher morbidity and mortality rate. Piceatannol (PIC) has anti-inflammation and anti-oxidant properties. The study was designed to explore the effect and the action mechanisms of PIC on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI.

RNA-seq profiles of chicken type II pneumocyte in response to Escherichia coli infection.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes great economic loss to the poultry industry worldwide. Chicken type II pneumocytes (CP II cells) secrete surfactants and modulate lung immunity to decrease the infection of the invading pathogen. Nevertheless, the pathogenesis of CP II cells to APEC infection remains poorly understood.

Baicalin alleviated APEC-induced acute lung injury in chicken by inhibiting NF-κB pathway activation.

Bacterial pneumonia is a leading cause of death in the animal husbandry. Acute lung injury (ALI), most often seen as a part of systemic inflammatory process, characterized by progressive hypoxemia, edema, and neutrophil accumulation in the lung. Baicalin has been reported to inhibit inflammatory response, but its role in ALI remains unknown.

Canine distemper virus increased the differentiation of CD4CD8 T cells and mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood lymphocyte from canine.

Background: Canine distemper virus (CDV) can cause a highly contagious disease to canid. However, how CDV affects peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) remains unclear.

Methods: In this study, CDV infected PBL was cultured to investigate the effect of CDV on the differentiation of lymphocytes and the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines in PBL.

Anti-bacterial activity of baicalin against APEC through inhibition of quorum sensing and inflammatory responses.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), collectively known as causative agent of extraintestinal infections, is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in poultry. Currently, quorum sensing (QS), biofilm formation and virulence factors are considered as novel prospective targets for antimicrobial therapy to control APEC invasion. In addition, inflammatory responses are also served as the major pathological features of APEC invasion.

Rutin inhibits quorum sensing, biofilm formation and virulence genes in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli.

The study aimed to investigate whether rutin affects the quorum sensing (QS) of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). In this study, APEC-O78 was selected as the test strain. We mainly examined the effects of rutin on the AI-2 secretion by bioluminescence assay, biofilm formation through a crystal violet staining method, and expression of virulence genes of APEC by qRT-PCR.

In vitro antiviral efficacy of caffeic acid against canine distemper virus.

Canine distemper (CD) is a highly contagious disease caused by the canine distemper virus (CDV), and mortality can be as high as 100%. However, there is no specific treatment for CD. In this study, the antiviral activity of the caffeic acid against CDV was evaluated in vitro.

Oroxylin A inhibits HO-induced oxidative stress in PC12 cells.

Oroxylin A, a natural flavonoid isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. However, suppression of oxidative stress and neuroapoptosis by oroxylin A is largely uninvestigated. To investigate the protective effects of oroxylin A, PC12 cells were exposed to oroxylin A and hydrogen peroxide solutions and measured.

Cinobufagin enhances the protective efficacy of formalin-inactivated Salmonella typhimurium vaccine through Th1 immune response.

Cinobufagin (CBG), one active ingredient isolated from Venenum Bufonis, has been demonstrated to have immunoregulatory effect. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CBG can enhance the protective efficacy of formalin-inactivated Salmonella typhimurium (FIST) in mice. ICR mice were immunized with FIST (10 CFU/mouse) alone or mixed with CBG (10, 20, and 40 μg) or alum (200 μg) on day 1 and day 15.

Autoinducer-2 of quorum sensing is involved in cell damage caused by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) infections are responsible for great losses in the poultry industry. Quorum sensing (QS) acts as a global regulatory system that controls genes involved in bacterial pathogenesis, metabolism and protein biosynthesis. However, whether QS of APEC is related to cell damage has not been elucidated.