[Lipid peroxidation markers in the exhaled breath and microsomal oxidation in patients with chronic diffuse liver diseases].

Low-molecular hydrocarbons (butan, pentan) from the exhaled air as lipid peroxidation (LPO) markers were quantified in patients with chronic diffuse liver diseases. The study was also made of microsomal oxidation enzymic activity by antipirin metabolism. The above parameters were followed up in the course of antioxidant treatment.

[Functional state of the liver in workers exposed to multi-component chemical mixture in the production of plastic construction materials].

The examination covered 52 workers engaged into production of linoleum and polyvinylchloride self-sticking coating. The workers were exposed to mixture of chemicals, especially to low concentrations of diethylhexyl phthalate (dioctyl phthalate). Detoxication in the liver was assessed through developed antipyrine test with detection of total and free derivatives of antipyrine in the urine.

[Intrahepatic circulation in participants of clean-up after the Chernobyl Atomic Energy Plant accident].

Examination of 42 liquidators of Chernobyl power station accident consequences, which was conducted in 5-6 years after the work in Chernobyl, proved 66.7% of examinees to have hypervolemia of hepatic circulation. These changes are due to hyperkinetic type of central hemodynamics.

[Antipyrine metabolism and rat liver ultrastructure in single and combined action of trichlorodiphenyl and dioctyl phthalate].

As shown by animal experiments, low-dose trichlorodophenyl and dioctyl phthalate induce microsomal cytochrome P-450-dependent enzymes and ultrastructural changes in hepatocytes. This evidences hepatotoxicity of the compounds.

[The function of the small intestine based on hydrogen test data in men who have been exposed to small doses of ionizing radiation in the cleanup of the sequelae of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station].

Sixty-seven participants of the elimination of Chernobyl accident sequels were examined. Of these, 30 persons (44.8%) showed normal characteristics of the three small intestinal functions studied: activity of the intestinal enzyme beta-galactosidase, motility and microbial dissemination, 23 (34.

[The effect of trofopar, AICA phosphate and Essentiale on the detoxifying function and blood circulation of the liver in lesions in man].

The comparative clinicopharmacological studies established the ability of hepatotropic agents with the membrane stabilizing properties and metabolic activity--trophopar, aika-phosphate and essential to stimulate to various degrees the processes of microsomal oxidation of antipyrine in hepatocytes at their insufficiency in patients with lesions of the hepatobiliary system of the alcohol and viral etiology. The studied drugs improve also the condition of the intrahepatic hemodynamics according to the findings of rheohepatography. The correlations between the positive dynamics of the values of antipyrine clearance, the degree of arterial blood filling (the rheographic index) and the increase of serum albumin content were found that confirms the ability of trophopar, aika-phosphate and essential to exert the complex influence on the systems and mechanisms of the realization of the liver antitoxic function.

Trofopar treatment of chronic liver diseases.

The clinical study on the Romanian product Trofopar was performed on 71 patients affected by chronic liver diseases; of them 30 patients suffered from cirrhosis decompensated at the parenchymal and vascular level. The clinical results corroborated with laboratory tests substantiate the efficacy of Trofopar, which improves liver blood circulation, increases the capacity of hepatocyte regeneration, detoxification and metabolization.

[Effects of repeated skin applications of heavy pyrolysis resin on cytochrome P-450 level and glutathione transferase activity in liver microsomes and cytosol in rats in relation to the level of toxic effects of pyrolysis resin on internal organs].

Rats received 20 skin applications of heavy pyrolysis resin, containing about 30% of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The every exposure duration was 4 hours a day. Applications have been carried out daily 5 days a week in the course of 4 weeks.

[Preventive chemotherapy of duodenal ulcer].

An attempt was made to solve the problem in preventive drug therapy for duodenal ulcer in terms of various types of the course of the disease, its heterogeneity, features of metabolic processes, a patient's age, individual selection of the optimal drug, its dosage, regimen, intake duration, which would provide a differential individual design of drug therapy and change multicomponent drug therapy by mono- or diet therapy. Pharmacokinetic features of currently available antiulcer agents of groups of pyrenezepine or H2-blockers of histamine are presented, which should be taken into account when these drugs are used. A relationship is shown between the pharmacokinetics of drugs to an immune response as production of specific anti-drug++ antibodies that occasionally cause inefficiency of the therapy performed and a relapse of the disease during continuous treatment.

[Changes in the content of cytochrome P-450 and the activity of microsomal and cytosolic glutathione transferases in the liver of guinea pigs undergoing cutaneous application of various doses of mineral oil made from petroleum containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons].

Guinea pigs received skin application of petroleum-derived mineral oil distillate, containing about 10% of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with the 4 hours exposure time everyday during 20 days. 100% distillate preparation and it's 50%, 3% or 0.5% solutions in furfurol and ethanol are used.

[Preparations of alpha-lipoic acid: the dynamics of their content in the blood and their effect on hemostasis in lesions of the human liver].

The changes in blood coagulating activity before and after treatment with alpha-lipoic acid drugs as compared with blood lipoic acid content were studied in 130 patients with chronic diffuse diseases of the liver of the virus and alcohol etiology. A moderate correlation between the increase in blood alpha-lipoic acid concentration in patients with the liver diseases during the replacement therapy with alpha-lipoic acid drugs and a number of parameters of thrombelastogram was established. It was shown that relief of coenzyme deficit against the background of treatment with lipoic acid is associated with relief of hypocoagulative syndrome and an elevation of the blood ATP level.

[The characteristics of gastrozepin pharmacokinetics in patients with gastric and duodenal peptic ulcers].

The individual variations in the blood concentrations of gastrocepine, the period of its half-life and clearance in patients with peptic ulcers of the stomach and the duodenal bulb were determined. The patients having combined forms of peptic ulcer with chronic liver diseases exhibited most often an increase of gastrocepine half-life. A new metabolite of gastrocepine was identified by using the chromato-mass-spectral analysis.

[Pharmacokinetics of preparations of lipoic acid and their effect on ATP synthesis, processes of microsomal and cytosol oxidation in hepatocytes in liver damage in man].

The features of the pharmacokinetics of preparations of alpha-lipoic acid (lipoic acid, thioctacide) as compared with their pharmacodynamic effects were studied in 125 patients with chronic diffuse diseases of the liver of viral and alcohol etiology. After a single administration of the preparations, the authors found an elevation of the maximal blood concentrations and an increase of alpha-lipoic acid elimination half-life in patients with liver cirrhosis as compared with chronic hepatitis patients. During the replacement therapy and elimination of alpha-lipoic acid deficiency by using the preparations containing lipoic acid, there is commonly an increase ATP content, an elevation of functioning mass of hepatocytes and activation of liver detoxifying function according to the data of the tests of galactose cytosol oxidation, microsomal oxidation of antipyrine and conjugation of bilirubin.

[Detoxifying function of the liver in patients with rubromycosis during treatment with antimycotics].

Oral therapy with nizoral and griseofulvin influences the system of cytochrome P = 450-dependent monoxygenases of the liver, this resulting in the depression of antipyrine microsomal oxidation. Recommendations are given on how to regard the data of antipyrine test over the course of therapy with oral antimycotic drugs.

[The activity of the liver monooxygenase system in workers in contact with inorganic substances (metals, fluorine)].

The liver monooxygenase system activity was studied in 100 workers by measuring the half-life period of antipyrine and its clearance from saliva. The examined contacted with lead (22 cases), vanadium (11 cases), manganese (14 cases), fluorine (53 cases). In average, in a half of those examined the antipyrine half-life period shortened to less than 10 hours.

[Monooxigenase activity in liver diseases (study based on data of antipyrine metabolism)].

Hydroxylase and demethylase activity of cytochrome P450-dependent liver monooxygenases was estimated in healthy persons and patients with chronic diseases of the hepatobiliary system. Metabolite urine content and 4-hydroxyantipyrine and norantipyrine clearance were measured within 24 h after oral antipyrine administration (10 mg/kg). It was shown that progressive antipyrine metabolic derangements depended on the form and stage of chronic diffuse liver lesion, which was especially marked in patients with chronic active viral hepatitis, liver cirrhosis with or without ascites and with signs of encephalopathy.

[Experimental study of the use of colchicine in alcoholic liver diseases].

Rats kept on a standard diet were subdivided into several experimental groups: group 1, control; group 2, animals receiving ethyl alcohol for 10 days; group 3, animals receiving ethyl alcohol for 3 months; group 4, animals receiving colchicine; group 5, animals receiving alcohol in combination with colchicine; group 6, animals receiving alcohol in combination with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4); and group 7, animals receiving alcohol in combination with CCl4 and colchicine. Electron microscopy of the rat liver has shown that colchicine inhibited significantly the onset of hepatic fibrosis and degenerative changes in hepatocyte organells induced by hepatotoxins (alcohol alone or alcohol in combination with CCl4). Colchicine also inhibited monooxygenase activity in the liver homogenate of experimental rats.

[Treatment of chronic diseases of the liver with catergen].

Fifty-seven patients with chronic liver diseases of different etiology were treated with catergen ((+)-cyanidanol 3) given in a dose of 1.5 g (3 tablets) a day throughout 3 months. The findings were compared with those derived in the control groups of patients (82) who received vitamins or essentiale.

[Comparative study of zixoryn and phenobarbital as enzyme inducers of the liver mono-oxygenase system].

It has been shown in rat experiments that administration of zixoryn brings about an increase in the liver weight and the content of cytochromes P-450 and b5, and activates the aniline-hydroxylase reaction. The induction activity pattern of zixoryn is similar to that of phenobarbital-type inducers. However, it is inferior to phenobarbital in the degree of activity and causes an atypically dramatic increment of the content of cytochrome b5.

[Activity of microsomal enzymes and lipid peroxidation in the liver in galactosamine injury].

Galactosamine injury of rat liver brings about induction of microsomal oxidation enzymes after 24 hours. Such a conclusion may be arrived at on the basis of an analysis of variation in the activity of cytochrome P-450, cytochrome b5, and NADH ferricyanide reductase while comparing normal and galactosamine-treated rats. In vitro galactosamine leads to activation of enzymatic lipid peroxidation.