A Self-supervised Deep Learning Model for Diagonal Sulcus Detection with Limited Labeled Data.

Sulci are a fundamental part of brain morphology, closely linked to brain function, cognition, and behavior. Tertiary sulci, characterized as the shallowest and smallest subtype, pose a challenging task for detection. The diagonal sulcus (ds), located in a crucial area in language processing, has a prevalence between 50% and 60%.

Reorganization of pragmatic language networks in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.

Objective: To investigate the neural networks involved in idiomatic expressions (IE) comprehension in healthy controls and patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), with a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) task.

Methods: Thirty-two patients with TLE (left or right) and seventeen healthy controls were evaluated. Activated nodes in the fMRI task were defined as Regions of Interest (ROIs) for a posterior functional connectivity analysis.

[Frontal aslant tract: Anatomy and implications in brain glioma neurosurgery].

The frontal aslant tract (FAT) connects the supplementary motor area (SMA) with the pars opercularis. Its role in language and its implications in glioma surgery remain under discussion. We present an anatomosurgical study of three cases with surgical resolution.

Association between lumbar intervertebral vacuum phenomenon severity and posterior paraspinal muscle atrophy in patients undergoing spine surgery.

Purpose: Intervertebral vacuum phenomenon (IVP) and paraspinal muscular atrophy are age-related changes in the lumbar spine. The relationship between both parameters has not been investigated. We aimed to analyze the correlation between IVP and paraspinal muscular atrophy in addition to describing the lumbar vacuum severity (LVS) scale, a new parameter to estimate lumbar degeneration.

Hemispheric asymmetries in cortical grey matter of gyri and sulci in modern human populations from South America.

Structural asymmetries of brain regions associated with lateralised functions have been extensively studied. However, there are fewer morphometric analyses of asymmetries of the gyri and sulci of the entire cortex. The current study assessed cortical asymmetries in a sample of healthy adults (N = 175) from an admixed population from South America.

Association Between Osteoarthritis Burden and Intervertebral Disk Degeneration in Patients Undergoing Lumbar Spine Surgery for Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis.

Study Design: A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data.

Objective: To assess the association between intervertebral disk degeneration and hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA) in patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis.

Background: The co-occurrence of hip OA and degenerative spinal pathologies was first described as the "hip-spine syndrome" and has also been observed in knee OA.

Association between Modic changes and intervertebral vacuum phenomenon severity in patients undergoing percutaneous cement discoplasty.

Background: Modic changes and intervertebral vacuum phenomenon (IVP) are considered spinal degenerative changes. The correlation between Modic and IVP has not been analyzed in the literature.

Purpose: To analyze the correlation between IVP severity, Modic changes, and subchondral sclerosis across the lumbar spine in patients with lumbar degeneration.

NORHA: A NORmal Hippocampal Asymmetry Deviation Index Based on One-Class Novelty Detection and 3D Shape Features.

Radiologists routinely analyze hippocampal asymmetries in magnetic resonance (MR) images as a biomarker for neurodegenerative conditions like epilepsy and Alzheimer's Disease. However, current clinical tools rely on either subjective evaluations, basic volume measurements, or disease-specific models that fail to capture more complex differences in normal shape. In this paper, we overcome these limitations by introducing NORHA, a novel NORmal Hippocampal Asymmetry deviation index that uses machine learning novelty detection to objectively quantify it from MR scans.

Influence of accessory sulci of the frontoparietal operculum on gray matter quantification.

The perisylvian region is the cortical core of language and speech. Several accessory sulci have been described in this area, whose presence could modify the results of the automatic quantification of gray matter by popularly used software. This study aimed to assess the expression of accessory sulci in the frontoparietal operculum (FPO) and to evaluate their influence on the gray matter volume estimated by an automatic parcellation of cortical gyri and sulci.

Frontal Aslant Tract and Its Role in Language: A Journey Through Tractographies and Dissections.

Background: The frontal aslant tract (FAT) is a bilateral tract located within each frontal lobe. It connects the supplementary motor area in the superior frontal gyrus with the pars opercularis in the inferior frontal gyrus. There is a new and broader conceptualization of this tract called the extended FAT (eFAT).

Intervertebral vacuum phenomenon - prevalence and severity CT-scan analysis in patients older than 50 years: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Chronic low back pain secondary to degenerative changes in the spine is a common cause of disability, and disc degeneration is one of the most frequent imaging findings. Intervertebral vacuum phenomenon (IVP) is usually observed in advanced degeneration. Recently, this phenomenon has gained interest due to a relatively new surgical technique called percutaneous discoplasty, aimed at treating low back pain secondary to degenerative disc disease in elderly patients.

Brain mapping of emotional prosody in patients with drug-resistant temporal epilepsy: An indicator of plasticity.

Introduction: Emotional prosody, a suprasegmental component of language, is predominantly processed by right temporo-frontal areas of the cerebral cortex. In temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), brain disturbances affecting prosody processing frequently occur. This research assesses compensatory brain mechanisms of prosody processing in refractory TLE using fMRI.

Three-Dimensional Anatomy of the Anterior Commissure: A Tractography and Anatomical Study.

Background: The anterior commissure (AC) is one of the main commissural fibers of the brain. The commissural fibers are involved in bilateral integration and coordination of any normal brain activity. The AC is an important interhemispheric structure that forms a bidirectional communication channel between the frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes bilaterally.

Accuracy of intraoperative neuromonitoring during percutaneous cement discoplasty.

Introduction: Percutaneous cement discoplasty is a minimally invasive procedure to treat low back pain due to advanced degenerative disc disease in elderly patients. Complications of this procedure has been described such as infection, vertebral fracture, cement leakage and nerve injury. Intraoperative neuromonitoring is used to detect the latter.

Percutaneous Cement Discoplasty for Degenerative Low Back Pain with Vacuum Phenomenon: A Multicentric Study with a Minimum of 2 Years of Follow-Up.

Background: To report clinical results after percutaneous cement discoplasty (PCD) in a multicentric case series with a minimum of 2 years of follow-up.

Methods: Between December 2014 and January 2019, 180 patients with low back pain and advanced degeneration were treated with percutaneous discoplasty in 2 centers. The inclusion criteria were as follows: patients 65 years or older, with mechanical low back pain with or without spinal stenosis, who did not respond to conservative management.

Functional anatomy of idiomatic expressions.

Idiomatic expressions (IE) are groups of words whose meaning is different from the sum of its components. Neural mechanisms underlying their processing are still debated, especially regarding lateralization, main structures involved, and whether this neural network is independent from the spoken language. To investigate the neural correlates of IE processing in healthy Spanish speakers.

Machine learning for filtering out false positive grey matter atrophies in single subject voxel based morphometry: A simulation based study.

Single subject VBM (SS-VBM), has been used as an alternative tool to standard VBM for single case studies. However, it has the disadvantage of producing an excessively large number of false positive detections. In this study we propose a machine learning technique widely used for automated data classification, namely Support Vector Machine (SVM), to refine the findings produced by SS-VBM.

Development of a New Therapy-Oriented Classification of Intervertebral Vacuum Phenomenon With Evaluation of Intra- and Interobserver Reliabilities.

Study Design: Diagnostic study, level of evidence III.

Objectives: Low back pain is a common cause of disability among elderly patients. Percutaneous discoplasty has been developed as a tool to treat degenerative disease when conservative management is not successful.

Percutaneous Cement Discoplasty for the Treatment of Advanced Degenerative Disc Conditions: A Case Series Analysis.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis. Level of evidence III.

Objectives: To describe the results after a minimum 1-year follow-up in patients treated with percutaneous discoplasty (PD), a minimally invasive technique to treat low back pain in elderly patients with advanced degenerative disc disease.

Lumbosacral plexus root thickening: Establishing normal root dimensions using magnetic resonance neurography.

Disorders affecting the lumbosacral plexus (LSP) can alter root diameter. Our aim was to determine normal LSP nerve root dimensions using magnetic resonance neurography (MRN). Eleven asymptomatic patients (ages: 18-53, mean: 34 years) underwent MRN of the LSP on a 3 T scanner with an 8-channel torso-PA coil.