Transcriptome Profiling Associated with Overexpression in Colorectal Cancer Implicates a Potential Role for Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Cancer Pathways Modulation via NF-κB.

The immune system plays a critical role in inflammation by initiating responses to infections or tissue damage. The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway plays a key role in inflammation and innate immunity, as well as other cellular activities. Dysregulation of this well-choreographed pathway has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer.

Incidence and risk factors of prostate cancer among the Northern and Eastern parts of the United Arab Emirates population.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a prevalent disease worldwide. However, the incidence and patient-specific risk factors of PCa in the Middle East, specifically in the United Arab Emirates, have not been previously reported.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study on 2377 men diagnosed with either benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or PCa in the Northern and Eastern regions of the United Arab Emirates, excluding the Western part, which includes Abu Dhabi.

Risks of prostate cancer and mortality in the city of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.

Background: Prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) are common age-related diseases in men. According to World Health Organization (WHO), PCa is the second most common cancer among Emirati men. This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with PCa and mortality in a cohort diagnosed with PCa between 2012 and 2021 in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Association Between Expression of Vitamin D Receptor and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor Among Breast Cancer Patients.

Background: Vitamin D receptor (VDR) and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) are known to be involved in breast cancer (BC) progression. Our previous work reported a correlation of differential localization of IGF1R with hormone receptor status in BC. A recent report described VDR and IGF1R as potential indicators of BC prognosis, but their interplay was not discussed.

Transcriptomic Changes Associated with Overexpression in Colorectal Cancer Implicate a Potential Role of the Wnt Signaling Pathway in Tumorigenesis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Precision medicine using OMICs guided by transcriptomic profiling has improved disease diagnosis and prognosis by identifying many CRC targets. One such target that has been actively pursued is an erbb2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 () (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2)), which is overexpressed in around 3-5% of patients with CRC worldwide.

Peripheral blood cell anomalies in COVID-19 patients in the United Arab Emirates: A single-centered study.

Introduction: In this study, we aimed at exploring the morphologic and quantitative abnormalities in the peripheral blood counts of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.

Methods: A cohort of 131 COVID-19 patients was recruited at University Hospital Sharjah (UHS), UAE. Their peripheral blood smears were examined for morphological evaluation.

Expression of immune checkpoints (PD-L1 and IDO) and tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) has become the most common cancer globally in 2020 as well as in the United Arab Emirates. The breast tumor microenvironment is composed of various immune cell types, including lymphocytes. Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) play a crucial role in tumor eradication and progression.

Ferritin, blood urea nitrogen, and high chest CT score determines ICU admission in COVID-19 positive UAE patients: A single center retrospective study.

Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by WHO in March 2020. Since then, additional novel coronavirus variants have emerged challenging the current healthcare system worldwide. There is an increased need for hospital care, especially intensive care unit (ICU), for the patients severely affected by the disease.

Thyroid cancer incidence in the United Arab Emirates: a retrospective study on association with age and gender.

Thyroid cancer is the ninth most common malignancy worldwide, but the third most common malignancy in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) To our knowledge, this is the first UAE nationwide study aimed at presenting incidence rates of thyroid cancer at the national level of UAE based upon data from the national cancer registry and GLOBOCAN. Between 2011 and 2017, a total of 2036 thyroid cancer cases from UAE patients were registered, of which 75.3% were female and 24.

Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Tumor Removal and Percutaneous Stabilization for Extradural Tumors: Technical Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Extradural spinal tumors arise from soft or bony tissues in the spine and account for majority of spinal tumors. Interest in the unilateral biportal endoscopic (UBE) technique is rising, because it can easily decompress the bony spinal canal and accommodate all open surgical instruments under endoscopic guidance. However, reports of this technique have been limited to certain diseases.

In silico Analysis of Publicly Available Transcriptomics Data Identifies Putative Prognostic and Therapeutic Molecular Targets for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. However, the molecular mechanism involved in its pathogenesis is not well characterized.

Purpose: The objective of this study is to identify key cellular pathways and differentially expressed genes along the thyroid cancer pathogenesis sequence as well as to identify potential prognostic and therapeutic targets.

Psychological Distress and Anxiety Levels Among Health Care Workers at the Height of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United Arab Emirates.

Providing medical care during a global pandemic exposes healthcare workers (HCW) to a high level of risk, causing anxiety and stress. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety and psychological distress among HCWs during COVID-19. We invited HCWs from 3 hospitals across the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to participate in an anonymous online survey between April 19-May 3, 2020.

Determinants of healthcare workers perceptions, acceptance and choice of COVID-19 vaccines: a cross-sectional study from the United Arab Emirates.

Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine among health-care workers (HCWs) is crucial for controlling the pandemic and ensuring HCW and patient safety. Information on the acceptance of different COVID-19 vaccines is lacking. Despite the United Arab Emirates (UAE) having vaccinated most of its population, vaccine acceptance still raises concerns.

HER2 overexpression is a putative diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for late-stage colorectal cancer in North African patients.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading cancers in the world. Even though its mortality and pathophysiology are well documented in the US and the European countries, it is seldom studied in North African population. Recent studies have shown link of HER2 overexpression in oesophageal and gastric cancers.

Molecular Examination of Differentially Expressed Genes in the Brains of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Mice Post Herceptin Treatment.

Objective: Herceptin (trastuzumab) is an approved drug for treating HER2 breast cancer patients, but its use for other diseases is not established. We sought to investigate the effects of Herceptin on ameliorating experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and to examine its effects on the expression of various genes.

Methods: We used in-silico analysis of publicly available data, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to determine the expression of HER2 cells in the brains of EAE mice.

Immunohistochemical Assessment of TNFAIP3/A20 Expression Correlates With Early Tumorigenesis in Breast Cancer.

Background/aim: Limited data exist on the expression pattern of TNFAIP3/A20, as assayed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), in breast cancer tissues. This study aimed to assess A20 expression pattern in breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: The expression of A20 was analysed using IHC in 50 breast cancer cases retrieved from the Sharjah Breast Cancer Center at the University Hospital Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.

Systems Immunology Analysis Reveals an Immunomodulatory Effect of Snail-p53 Binding on Neutrophil- and T Cell-Mediated Immunity in KRAS Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Immunomodulation and chronic inflammation are important mechanisms utilized by cancer cells to evade the immune defense and promote tumor progression. Therefore, various efforts were focused on the development of approaches to reprogram the immune response to increase the immune detection of cancer cells and enhance patient response to various types of therapy. A number of regulatory proteins were investigated and proposed as potential targets for immunomodulatory therapeutic approaches including p53 and Snail.

Incidence and Clinicopathological Features of Breast Cancer in the Northern Emirates: Experience from Sharjah Breast Care Center.

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequently reported cancer among women in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. However, the available data about women breast cancer from the MENA and particularly from the Northern Emirates region of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) are scarce and inconsistent. Therefore, this study estimated the incidence, patient-specific factors including 25(OH)D levels, and clinicopathological features of breast cancer in women from the Northern Emirates.

The State of Cancer Care in the United Arab Emirates in 2020: Challenges and Recommendations, A report by the United Arab Emirates Oncology Task Force.

With cancer being the third leading cause of mortality in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), there has been significant investment from the government and private health care providers to enhance the quality of cancer care in the UAE. The UAE is a developing country with solid economic resources that can be utilized to improve cancer care across the country. There is limited data regarding the incidence, survival, and potential risk factors for cancer in the UAE.

Rituximab Prevents the Development of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE): Comparison with Prophylactic, Therapeutic or Combinational Regimens.

Objective: To investigate, in detail, the effects of rituximab (RTX), an off-label drug for treating multiple sclerosis (MS) disease on preventing and/or ameliorating experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).

Methods: Using bioinformatics analysis of publicly available transcriptomics data, we determined the accumulation of B cells, plasma cells and T cells in different compartments of multiple sclerosis patients (MS) and healthy individual brains. Based on these observations and on the literature search, we dosed RTX in EAE mice either orally, or injected intraperitoneally (IP).

Correlation of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor Expression With Different Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer in the UAE.

Background: Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) activation triggers multiple signaling pathways involved in proliferation and anti-apoptosis in breast cancer (BC).

Materials And Methods: Immunohistochemistry for IGF1R was performed on 50 BC cases; expression was assessed for staining intensity and localization pattern (mixed, membranous, and cytoplasmic) which was correlated to hormone receptor status.

Results: Of estrogen receptor-positive (ER) cases, 97.

Integrative systematic review meta-analysis and bioinformatics identifies MicroRNA-21 and its target genes as biomarkers for colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Advanced colorectal has poor survival and are difficult to treat. Therefore, there is an urgent need for biomarkers to diagnose this cancer at earlier manageable stages. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are amongst the most significant biomarkers that have shown promise in improving management and early detection of different types of cancers.

Cytoplasmic E-Cadherin Expression Is Associated With Higher Tumour Level of VEGFA, Lower Response Rate to Irinotecan-based Treatment and Poorer Prognosis in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Background: The prognostic value of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA) and epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) expression in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is controversial.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective study, patients diagnosed with mCRC between August 1, 1998, and August 30, 2003, at the Turku University Hospital, Finland were included. Expression of E-cadherin (membranous and cytoplasmic pattern) and VEGFA in tumour samples was assessed by immunohistochemistry.

Patients with hMLH1 or/and hMSH2-deficient Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Are Associated with Reduced Levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-1 Expression and Higher Response Rate to Irinotecan-based Regimen.

Background/aim: The benefit of IFL (irinotecan, fluorouracil and leucovorin) regimen for metastatic colorectal cancer patients (mCRCs) with high levels of microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or loss of mismatch repair (dMMR) protein expression, is uncertain. This study investigated the association of tumour MMR-status and VEGF-1 expression with response to first-line IFL regimen in mCRCs.

Patients And Methods: This prospective study analyzed patients diagnosed with mCRC between August 1st, 1998, and August 30th, 2003, at the Turku University Hospital, Finland.