Limited applicability and implementation of the international oncology treatments guidelines in low- and middle-income countries, an example from the Mediterranean area borders.

The quality of cancer care in the modern era is based on a precise diagnosis and personalized therapy according to patients and their disease based on validated guidelines with a high level of evidence. During cancer patients' management, the objective is first to make an accurate diagnosis and then offer the best treatment, validated beforehand in a multidisciplinary board meeting, with the best benefit/risk ratio. In the context of many low- and middle-income countries, the limited available means do not allow an adequate offer, resulting in non-optimal patients' care.

Economic burden of lung cancer in Morocco: A cost of illness study.

Introduction: Lung cancer is the most common cancer in men and the second most common cancer in women. It is associated with substantial economic impact in terms of direct and indirect costs. The main objective of this study is to estimate the direct medical cost of lung cancer management in Morocco MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cost-of-illness study was conducted among patients treated at the Mohammed VI Center of Cancer (Casablanca) in 2019.

FETAL DOSE ESTIMATION DURING PREGNANCY USING GATE MONTE CARLO SIMULATION: APPLICATION OF HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA RADIOTHERAPY.

The aim of this study is to estimate the fetal radiation dose for a pregnant patient treated for Hodgkin's lymphoma. Due to the supradiaphragmatic extensions, two plans are used for this treatment, one for supra-clavicular and the other for cervical lymph nodes, with beam energies of 18 and 6 MV, respectively. We model the ELEKTA accelerator (Versa HD Ltd, Crawly, UK) and the pregnant patient using GATE code.

[Treatment de-intensification strategies for HPV-driven oropharyngeal cancer: A short review].

The incidence of oropharyngeal cancer induced by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is steadily increasing in developed countries. These tumors are more chemoradiosensitive and have a better prognosis than HPV-negative one. In addition, they occur in younger and better-off patients with longer life expectancy.

[Breast cancer in men: about 40 cases and literature review].

Breast cancer in men is rare, accounting for approximately 1% of all breast cancers and less than 1% of all neoplasias in men. This study aimed to highlight the clinical histological, prognostic and therapeutic features of this rare tumor in order to contribute to improve the management of these patients. We conducted retrospective study of 40 patients whose data were collected at the Mohammed VI Center for Cancers Treatment in Casablanca from January 2000 to December 2012.

Metachronous bilateral isolated adrenal metastasis from rectal adenocarcinoma: a case report.

We report a case of adrenal metastasis from colorectal cancer in a 54-year-old woman. Nine months after resection for advanced rectal carcinoma, a computed tomography scan revealed bilateral adrenal metastasis. The level of serum carcinoembryonic antigen was normal.

[Granular cell tumor: report of a complicated vulvar localization of pulmonary metastases].

Granular cell tumour, or Abrikossoff's tumour, is a rare, ubiquitous tumour, with mostly benign evolution. The malignant forms represent 1-3% of the cases. The vulvar localization is exceptional.

[Bilateral stellate neuroretinitis as presenting sign of pheochromocytoma].

We report the case of a 21-year-old male patient admitted emergently with progressive bilateral severe visual loss for 1 month. Posterior segment examination revealed bilateral stellate neuroretinitis. Infectious serologies were negative, and brain CT was normal.

[Bilateral sphenoid sinus mucocele presenting as abducens nerve palsy: case report].

Mucocele is a rare, benign, cystic tumor affecting primarily adults. It arises within the sphenoid sinus and invades the orbit through bony destruction. The most frequent locations are frontal and fronto-ethmoidal; sphenoidal forms are rarer, and bilaterality is exceptionally rare.

[Retrobulbar optic neuropathy secondary to an undifferentiated carcinoma of the sphenoid sinus].

Undifferentiated carcinoma of the paranasal sinuses is a rare malignant tumor, characterized by rapid growth, local/regional invasion, metastatic potential and poor prognosis despite aggressive treatment. Clinically, this tumor may manifest as episodes of epistaxis, headache or ophthalmic signs, particularly oculomotor nerve palsies, optic atrophy or even proptosis in the case of orbital extension. We report the case of a patient admitted with a left retrobulbar optic neuropathy, which led to a diagnosis of undifferentiated carcinoma of the sphenoid sinus.

[Double prepapillary arterial loop and arterial occlusion].

The prepapillary vascular loops are rare congenital vascular anomalies. Often unilateral and asymptomatic, they may be complicated by ischemic events by twisting or thrombosis of the loop. We report a rare case of double prepapillary arterial loop complicated by left retinal ischemia due to thrombosis of the loop.

Status of p16(INK4a) and E-cadherin gene promoter methylation in Moroccan patients with cervical carcinoma.

Aberrant methylation of tumor suppressor gene promoters has been extensively investigated in cervical cancer. Transcriptional silencing, as a main consequence of hypermethylation of CpG islands, is the predominant mechanism of p16(INK4a) and E-cadherin gene inactivation in malignant epithelial tumors. This study was conducted to evaluate the promoter methylation status of p16(INK4a) and E-cadherin genes in 22 specimens of cervical carcinomas, four cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa, SiHa, Caski, C33A), and 20 human papillomavirus negative specimens, obtained from normal cervical swabs, using the methylation-specific PCR approach.

Molecular detection and genotyping of human papillomavirus in cervical carcinoma biopsies in an area of high incidence of cancer from Moroccan women.

Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in developing countries, and the human papillomavirus (HPV) is linked etiologically to cervical cancer. Eighty nine cervical carcinoma biopsies collected from women visiting the Oncologic Center in Casablanca (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Rochd, Morocco) for cervical cancer symptoms, were screened for HPV DNA by polymerase chain reaction amplification with subsequent typing by hybridization with specific oligonucleotides for HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, and 59. Using very high stringency hybridization the HPV types could be easily distinguished.

Differences in Reliability of Reproductive History Recall Among Women in North Africa.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in North Africa. Women in this region have unique reproductive profiles. It is essential to obtain reliable information on reproductive histories to help better understand the relationship between reductive health and breast cancer.

[Clear cell carcinoma of the parotid gland].

Objectives: Clear cell carcinomas of the parotid gland are hardly reported only fifty cases are known. They are characterized by a proliferation of acinic epithelial cells and of clear myo epithelial cells. What makes them remarkable is a slow process of evolution.

[Association of fallopian tube cancer and polymyositis. Apropos of 1 case].

A 51-year-old woman consulted for pelvic pain, metrorrhagia and leukorrhea. Physical examination revealed a renitent and mobile mass in the pelvis. A right lateral uterine mass with hydroxalpinx was found at ultrasonography.

[Nephroblastoma in adults. Three case reports].

The authors report three nephroblastoma's cases occurred in adult and treated at Ibn Rochd Oncology Center at Casablanca. The average of age was 24 years (19-29 years) and the delay of diagnosis was five months (3-8 months). The most frequent clinical sign was a lumbar fossa mass.

[Primitive seminoma of the mediastinum: a case report].

In this study, the case has been reported of a 36-year old male who was treated at the Ibn Rochd Oncology Center in Casablanca for a primary mediastinal seminoma revealed by a symptomatology including cough, dyspnea, laterocervical swelling, rachidial pain and gait disorder. The preliminary investigation showed significant mediastinal enlargement with a right pleuritis and vertebral metastases; tumor markers were normal. The diagnosis of seminoma was confirmed by pathological and immunohistochemical analysis of the cervical adenopathy.

[Papillary carcinoma from the thyroglossal duct cyst: review of the literature and report of a case].

Cancer of a thyroglossal duct cyst is very rare. Clinical presentation is identical that of a benign cyst, and the diagnosis is histopathological. We report the case of 36 year-old woman treated for papillary carcinoma of a thyroglossal duct cyst.

Cytotoxicity and DNA damage associated with pyrazoloacridine in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

We examined the effects of pyrazoloacridine (PZA), an investigational anticancer agent in clinical trials, on cytotoxicity, DNA synthesis, and DNA damage in MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells. With PZA concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 50 microM for durations of 3-72 hr, cytotoxicity increased in proportion to the total PZA exposure (concentration x time).

[Retinal vasculitis].

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine aetiologies of vasculitis of retina in Morocco.

Material And Methods: This is a retrospective study on 108 cases of vasculitis of retina admitted in the ophthalmology department, for a 5-year period (1987-1993). Our patients had a complete ophthalmological examination : fluorescine angiography, colour vision, general examination and biological study.

[Outcome of Behçet disease in ophthalmological milieu in Morocco].

We treated 123 patients with Behçet's disease during a period of 10 years (1984-1993). The ocular lesions include uveal lesions especially the posterior lesions and vascular retinal. Uveitis was total in 72% of cases.

[Outcome of Behçet disease in ophthalmologic practice in Morocco].

We treated 123 patients with Behçet's disease during a period of 10 years (1984-1993). The ocular lesions include uveal lesions especially the posterior lesions and vascular retinal. Uveitis was total in 72% of cases.

Free radical formation by ansamycin benzoquinone in human breast tumor cells: implications for cytotoxicity and resistance.

The benzoquinonoid ansamycin antibiotics, geldanamycin and herbimycin A, are potent cytotoxins against tumor cells in vitro. We have examined the mechanism of their in vitro cytotoxicity against human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells and we have found that multidrug-resistant MCF-7/ADRR cells that exhibit the MDR phenotype and the overexpression of P-170-glycoprotein, were cross-resistant to geldanamycin and herbimycin A. Verapamil, which binds competitively with P-170-glycoprotein, enhanced geldanamycin cytotoxicity 12-fold only in resistant cells, suggesting that geldanamycin may interact with the drug efflux protein.