Polyvinyl alcohol nanoparticles loaded with propolis extract: Fabrication, characterization and antimicrobial activity.

Background And Purpose: Propolis has high potential beneficial bioactive properties such as anti-oxidative, antimicrobial, and anti-tumour activities. However, the bitter taste and the insolubility nature of propolis in water lead to some limitations in their usage in functional food applications.

Experimental Approach: Herein, we evaluated the effects of nanoencapsulation of propolis at the different concentration levels (0, 0.