Serum Concentration at 24 h With Intensive Beta-Lactam Therapy in Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Prospective Study: Beta-Lactam Blood Levels in Sepsis.

Early administration of appropriate antibiotics has been shown to be among the most effective interventions to reduce mortality in septic patients. We evaluated the attainment of efficacy and safety targets at 24 h associated with the use of intensive beta-lactam therapy in patients admitted to the intensive care unit for sepsis. This was a prospective study with patients who received beta-lactams for sepsis or septic shock between February 2023 and September 2023.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Among Very Premature Infants in a Tunisian Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Introduction: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) stands as the primary chronic respiratory complication in premature infants, posing a substantial public health concern due to its rising prevalence, potential mortality, and socioeconomic burden.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of BPD in very preterm infants and identify its associated risk factors.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, and analytical study including all premature infants born between 26 and 31 weeks of gestation age (GA) who survived beyond the 28th day of life, over a five-year period (2017-2021).

2D Rhenium- and Niobium-Doped WSe Photoactive Cathodes in Photo-Enhanced Hybrid Zn-Ion Capacitors.

Designing a multifunctional device that combines solar energy conversion and energy storage is an appealing and promising approach for the next generation of green power and sustainable society. In this work, we fabricated a single-piece device incorporating undoped WSe, Re- or Nb-doped WSe photocathode, and zinc foil anode system enabling a light-assisted rechargeable aqueous zinc metal cell. Comparison of structural, optical, and photoelectric characteristics of undoped and doped WSe has further confirmed that ionic insertion of donor metal (rhenium and niobium) plays an important role in enhancing photoelectrochemical energy storage properties.

Regulatory T-cell dysfunction and cutaneous exposure to Staphylococcus aureus underlie eczema in DOCK8 deficiency.

Background: Dedicator of cytokinesis 8 (DOCK8)-deficient patients have severe eczema, elevated IgE, and eosinophilia, features of atopic dermatitis (AD).

Objective: We sought to understand the mechanisms of eczema in DOCK8 deficiency.

Methods: Skin biopsy samples were characterized by histology, immunofluorescence microscopy, and gene expression.

CAR-T-Cell Therapy in Multiple Myeloma: B-Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA) and Beyond.

Significant progress has been achieved in the realm of therapeutic interventions for multiple myeloma (MM), leading to transformative shifts in its clinical management. While conventional modalities such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy have improved the clinical outcomes, the overarching challenge of effecting a comprehensive cure for patients afflicted with relapsed and refractory MM (RRMM) endures. Notably, adoptive cellular therapy, especially chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, has exhibited efficacy in patients with refractory or resistant B-cell malignancies and is now also being tested in patients with MM.

Diagnostic challenge in a series of eleven patients with hyper IgE syndromes.

Hyper IgE syndromes (HIES) is a heterogeneous group of Inborn Errors of Immunity characterized by eczema, recurrent skin and lung infections associated with eosinophilia and elevated IgE levels. Autosomal dominant HIES caused by loss of function mutations in Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 () gene is the prototype of these disorders. Over the past two decades, advent in genetic testing allowed the identification of ten other etiologies of HIES.

Ultrasound guidance versus anatomical landmarks for subclavian vein catheterization: a prospective study.

Background: Several clinical practice guidelines strongly support the use of ultrasound guidance (USG) for internal jugular vein catheterization. The level of evidence concerning the use of USG for subclavian vein (SCV) cannulation remains low.

Aim: To compare the effectiveness and safety of USG and anatomical landmarks approaches for cannulation of SCV.

Ambient-pressure lignin valorization to high-performance polymers by intensified reductive catalytic deconstruction.

Chemocatalytic lignin valorization strategies are critical for a sustainable bioeconomy, as lignin, especially technical lignin, is one of the most available and underutilized aromatic feedstocks. Here, we provide the first report of an intensified reactive distillation–reductive catalytic deconstruction (RD-RCD) process to concurrently deconstruct technical lignins from diverse sources and purify the aromatic products at ambient pressure. We demonstrate the utility of RD-RCD bio-oils in high-performance additive manufacturing via stereolithography 3D printing and highlight its economic advantages over a conventional reductive catalytic fractionation/RCD process.

Consumer demand for novel fruit and vegetable products with extended shelf lives in East Africa: a multinational multi-product analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the potential of products made out of underutilised fruits and vegetables for closing seasonal nutritional gaps among rural and urban consumers in East Africa.

Design: The multinational analysis combines sensory testing and experimental auctions to assess consumers' perceptions and willingness to pay (WTP) for 6 different fruit and vegetable products.

Setting: Open markets in rural and urban areas in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda.

Profound differences in IgE and IgG recognition of micro-arrayed allergens in hyper-IgE syndromes.

Background: The specificities of IgE and IgG for allergen molecules in patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) have not been investigated in detail.

Objective: To study IgE and IgG antibody specificities in patients with defined hyper-IgE syndromes (HIES) using a comprehensive panel of allergen molecules.

Methods: We used chips containing micro-arrayed allergen molecules to analyze allergen-specific IgE and IgG levels in sera from two groups of HIES patients: Autosomal recessive mutations in phosphoglucomutase-3 (PGM3); Autosomal dominant negative mutations of STAT3 (STAT3); and age-matched subjects with allergic sensitizations.

Effect of a strutted intradiscal spacer (DIVA®) on disc reherniation following lumbar discectomy: A 2-year retrospective matched cohort study.

Introduction: Discectomy for lumbar disc herniation has a high rate of reoperation and recurrent herniation.

Methods: Retrospectively matched cohort of patients undergoing lumbar discectomy alone or with a strutted intradiscal spacer.

Results: 133 discectomy and 112 patients with discectomy plus spacer were included.

[The consequences of the lockdown on cardiovascular diseases].

Background: The Sars COV-2 infection causing the covid-19 disease has started in December 2019 inWuhan, China, then spread quickly to more than 100 countries in less than 3 months. On March, 11th the WHO declared officially the pandemic of Covid 19. In the absence of an effective treatment of the SARS-Cov2 the measures of social distancing and lockdown remain the most effectives ways against the pandemic.

Facet Arthrodesis with the FFX Device: One-Year Results from a Prospective Multicenter Study.

Background: Facet osteosynthesis can be performed to treat facet syndrome (FS) and reduce spinal instability following laminectomy in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). The present study evaluated clinical and radiological outcomes following facet osteosynthesis with the FFX device.

Methods: Patients with FS or LSS were prospectively enrolled in a single-arm, multicenter study.

Experimental and computer aided solubility quantification of diverse lignins and performance prediction.

Trial-and-error approaches for lignin applications and new product development is resource intensive. By quantifying the solubility parameters for 45 different lignins encompassing all sources as well as existing commercial scale processes for their recovery, computer-based predictions of lignin solvent-based fractionation and compatibility with various polymers are now possible, paving a pathway for improved chemical analytics and industrial applications.

Yersinia pestis detection using biotinylated dNTPs for signal enhancement in lateral flow assays.

Due to the extreme infectivity of Yersinia pestis it poses a serious threat as a potential biowarfare agent, which can be rapidly and facilely disseminated. A cost-effective and specific method for its rapid detection at extremely low levels is required, in order to facilitate a timely intervention for containment. Here, we report an ultrasensitive method exploiting a combination of isothermal nucleic acid amplification with a tailed forward primer and biotinylated dNTPs, which is performed in less than 30 min.

New Insight in the Q^{2} Dependence of Proton Generalized Polarizabilities.

Virtual Compton scattering on the proton has been investigated at three yet unexplored values of the four-momentum transfer Q^{2}: 0.10, 0.20, and 0.

Genetic Approaches for Definitive Diagnosis of Agammaglobulinemia in Consanguineous Families.

Autosomal recessive agammaglobulinemia (ARA) is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by absent peripheral B cells, severe hypogammaglobulinemia, and absent BTK gene mutations. In ARA, mutations occur in genes encoding the pre-B cell receptor (pre-BCR) or downstream signaling proteins. In this work, we used candidate gene and whole-exome sequencing to investigate the molecular basis of ARA in 6 patients from 4 consanguineous North-African families.

Green solvents-based fractionation process for kraft lignin with controlled dispersity and molecular weight.

The aim of this work is to develop a novel green solvent based sustainable process to refine lignin into low molecular weight (LMW) and high molecular weight (HMW) fractions. Lignin dispersity reduction were experimentally determined using four solvent mixtures, and benchmarked against eight pure solvents. Data outputs were used for modelling the integrated fractionation process.

Effect of oral exposure to acrylamide on biochemical and hematologic parameters in Wistar rats.

The toxic effects of ACR monomer include carcinogenesis, cellular genotoxic, and neurotoxicity. In this study, we examined the effect of acrylamide on biochemical and hematologic parameters in Wistar rats and explored the renal and hepatic function of these animals through a complementary anatomopathologic study. For it, thirty female Wistar rats aged 4 weeks and weighing 100 ± 10 g were housed six animals per cage and divided as follows: two groups were exposed for 2 months to drinking water containing 5 mg (Group 2) or 10 mg acrylamide (Group 3); one group of 12 rats received the median lethal dose of acrylamide by gavage (Group 4); and the control group (Group 1) received pure water.

Quantification and Variability Analysis of Lignin Optical Properties for Colour-Dependent Industrial Applications.

Lignin availability has increased significantly due to the commercialization of several processes for recovery and further development of alternatives for integration into Kraft pulp mills. Also, progress in lignin characterization, understanding of its chemistry as well as processing methods have resulted in the identification of novel lignin-based products and potential derivatives, which can serve as building block chemicals. However, all these have not led to the successful commercialization of lignin-based chemicals and materials.