Microbiome characteristics and in colorectal cancer patients pre- and post-chemotherapy.

Background: With the development of next generation sequencing technology, a lot of research has focused on the role of human microbiome in regulating immunity. The present study evaluated microbiome changes of colorectal cancer patients who received XELOX regimen (capecitabine plus oxaliplatin) without requiring antimicrobials.

Methods: Stool samples from 7 patients (3 females/4 males) after screening of 11 patients before and after XELOX chemotherapy were subjected to 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing and flora dynamics compared at baseline and after 8 weeks of chemotherapy.

Expression of GCRG213p, LINE-1 endonuclease variant, significantly different in gastric complete and incomplete intestinal metaplasia.

Background: Intestinal metaplasia (IM) of the gastric mucosa is classified as complete (Type I) and incomplete IM (Type II and III) subtypes, which showed significantly different risk for developing to gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). GCRG213, a variant of L1-endonuclease (L1-EN), first identified in our lab, was upregulated in GAC tissue. However, the relationship between GCRG213 and IM subtypes is not clear.

and Alimentary Tract Diseases: A Review of Its Biological Functions and Pathology.

are nonmotile, filamentous, Gram-positive bacteria that cause actinomycosis in immunodeficiency patients. Although the prognosis of actinomycosis is good, the diagnosis of actinomycosis is quite difficult. Recent studies on actinomycosis have shown that play an important role in various biological and clinical processes, such as the formation of dental plaque and the degradation of organics in the gastrointestinal tract.

Management and survival analysis of elderly patients with a cancer in the digestive system who refused to receive anticancer treatments.

Treatment and management of cancers in elderly patients require some special considerations. A better understanding of how cancers progress in those elderly patients who have not received any anticancer treatments could better help us in treating these patients and in making end-of-life decisions. Over the past years, we had encountered 57 elderly patients, aged 75 to 94 years (87.

Gene expression profiling of the mouse gut: Effect of intestinal flora on intestinal health.

The present study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms, including potential genes, pathways and interactions, underlying the effect of intestinal flora on intestinal health. The gene expression profiles of GSE22648 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery was used for Gene Ontology (GO) functional and pathway enrichment analysis of the DEGs.

Transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization and sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind controlled trials.

We performed a meta-analysis of transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which included 4 double-blind, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effects of TACE combined with sorafenib (experimental groups) on time to disease progression (TTP), overall survival (OS), and various sorafenib-related adverse events, compared to those in the placebo (control) groups. A total of 877 HCC cases from 14 countries, including China and the USA, were included in our meta-analysis. The TTP increased significantly in the experimental groups (hazard ration [HR]: 0.

Taurine and tea polyphenols combination ameliorate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in rats.

Background: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, for which there is currently no safe and effective drug for therapy. In this study, we explored the effects of taurine, tea polyphenols (TPs), or a combination thereof, on NASH rats.

Methods: Rats were divided into a normal group, a high-fat diet induced model group and a treatment group (including taurine, TPs, or taurine + TPs treatment for 8 weeks).

MicroRNA-31 inhibits tumor invasion and metastasis by targeting RhoA in human gastric cancer.

Previous studies have shown that microRNA-31 (miR-31) functions as a tumor-suppressor in various types of cancer. In the present study we found that miR-31 was significantly downregulated in gastric cancer (GC) as determined by microRNA (miRNA) array screening analysis. Although aberrant expression of miR-31 has been found in different types of cancer, its pathophysiological effect and role in tumorigenesis still remain to be elucidated.

Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Gene-Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Acute Radiation-Induced Lung Injury.

Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a major clinical complication for radiotherapy in thoracic tumors. An immediate effect of lung irradiation is the generation of reactive oxygen that can produce oxidative damage to DNA, lipids, and proteins resulting in lung cell injury or death. Currently, the medical management of RILI remains supportive.

MicroRNA-137 represses FBI-1 to inhibit proliferation and in vitro invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

The pro-oncogene factor that binds to inducer of short transcripts-1 (FBI-1), which is encoded by ZBTB7A gene and belongs to POK (POZ/BTB and KrÜppel) protein family, has been shown to enhance hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells proliferation and multi-drug resistance (MDR) process. However, the possibility that FBI-1 is a therapeutic target for further HCC treatment remains poorly determined. In the current study, two microRNA (miRNA) target prediction programs (TargetScan and MiRanda) were used to identify miR-137 as a potential regulator of FBI-1.

Rifaximin for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials.

The current treatments for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are suboptimal. The findings of previous studies of rifaximin treatment for IBS may have differed due to variations in study design. Our study aimed to determine the therapeutic and adverse effects of rifaximin treatment for IBS based on a meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

The role of serum intestinal fatty acid binding protein levels and D-lactate levels in the diagnosis of acute intestinal ischemia.

Background And Objective: To evaluate the clinical usefulness of serum intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) and D-lactate measurements in the early diagnosis of acute intestinal ischemia.

Methods: A total of 272 patients with a clinical diagnosis of acute abdomen were recruited for this trial over a 24-month period, and 37 healthy people were included in the study as controls. Serum I-FABP and D-lactate levels were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared in patients with intestinal ischemia vs.

[Effect of miR-92b on migration, adhesion and invasion of human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901].

Objective: To investigate the effect of miR-92b on the migration, adhesion and invasion of gastric cancer cell line SGC7901.

Methods: The miR-92b inhibitor and mimics were transiently transfected in SGC7901 cells. The changes in the migration, adhesion and invasion of the transfected cells were tested with wound healing assay, Transwell migration assay, matrigel adhesion and Transwell invasion assay.

[An analysis of clinical characteristics and risk factors for ulceration in ischemic colitis].

Objective: To investigate the clinical manifestations and risk factors related to ulcer in patients with ischemic colitis (IC).

Methods: Clinical data of sixty-three IC patients with definite diagnosis from June 2002 to June 2012 in the PLA General Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were classified into ulcer group (23 cases) and non-ulcer group (40 cases) according to the presence of ulcer or not.

Application of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of radiation-induced Gastrointestinal syndrome.

Nuclear accidents and terrorism present a serious threat for mass casualty. Accidental or intended radiation exposure leads to radiation-induced gastrointestinal (GI) syndrome. However, currently there are no approved medical countermeasures for GI syndrome.

[The clinical analysis for 43 cases of acute superior mesenteric artery thrombosis confirmed by angiography and surgery].

Objective: To investigate the clinical manifestations and mortality related risk factors in patients with acute superior mesenteric artery embolism (ASMAE).

Methods: Clinical data of forty-three confirmed ASMAE patients in the PLA General Hospital from June 2002 to June 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were classified into the survival group (28 cases) and the death group (15 cases) according to the prognosis.

Classification, clinicopathologic features and treatment of gastric neuroendocrine tumors.

Gastric neuroendocrine tumors (GNETs) are rare lesions characterized by hypergastrinemia that arise from enterochromaffin-like cells of the stomach. GNETs consist of a heterogeneous group of neoplasms comprising tumor types of varying pathogenesis, histomorphologic characteristics, and biological behavior. A classification system has been proposed that distinguishes four types of GNETs; the clinicopathological features of the tumor, its prognosis, and the patient's survival strictly depend on this classification.

[Expression of Foxa2 and its early alarm value of cancerous in gastric polyps].

Objective: To explore the expression of Foxa2 in different pathological types of gastric polyps and examine the correlation with cancerous risk.

Methods: According to computerize random number, a total of 2000 patients were selected to receive endoscopic biopsy during November 2011 to October 2012. Tissues were harvested from 170 with gastric polyps and suspicious cancerous lesions and their histological types detected.

Manganese superoxide dismutase gene therapy protects against irradiation- induced intestinal injury.

Radiation-induced intestinal injury is a common complication in radiotherapy for solid organ malignancies in abdomen or pelvis. However, currently there are no approved medical countermeasures for radiation-induced intestinal injury. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new treatments for radiation-induced intestinal injury.

[Oxymatrine could promote mesenchymal stem cell therapy in hepatic fibrosis rats: an experimental research].

Objective: To investigate whether oxymatrine (OM) could promote mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy in CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis (HF) in rats and to initially explore its mechanisms.

Methods: Totally 50 male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups,i.e.

[Differential proteomic analysis of rat hepatic stellate cells treated by oxymatrine liposomes using two-dimensional electrophoresis].

Objective: To analyze differentially expressed proteins of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) treated with oxymatrine (OMT) liposomes, thus further exploring the molecular mechanism of OMT liposomes for treating liver fibrosis.

Methods: A rat model of CCl4 induced chronic liver fibrosis was established. HSCs were perfusion isolated from modeled SD rats and cultured in vitro .

[Lgr5 and CD44 expressions in different types of intestinal polyps and colorectal cancer].

Objective: To study the expression of tumorigenesis-related stem cell markers Lgr5 and CD44 in different pathological types of intestinal polyps and their clinical significance in predicting tumorigenesis.

Methods: A total of 145 cases of colorectal polyps, adenomas and cancer tissues were obtained by colonoscopy biopsy. Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the expression of Lgr5 and CD44 to analyze their relationship with the occurrence and prognosis of colon and rectal cancer.

S100P predicts prognosis and drug resistance in gastric cancer.

Purpose: S100P has been shown to participate in processes of various human malignancies. In this study, we analyzed the tissue expression of S100P in gastric cancer and evaluated its significance.

Methods: We determined the S100P expression in 156 gastric cancer patients by quantitative RT-PCR.

Expression of a LINE-1 endonuclease variant in gastric cancer: its association with clinicopathological parameters.

Background: Long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1 or L1), the most abundant and only autonomously active family of non-LTR retrotransposons in the human genome, expressed not only in the germ lines but also in somatic tissues. It contributes to genetic instability, aging, and age-related diseases, such as cancer. Our previous study identified in human gastric adenocarcinoma an upregulated transcript GCRG213, which shared 88% homology with human L1 sequence and contained a putative conserved apurinic/apyrimidinic endonucleas1 domain.

Suppression of CB1 cannabinoid receptor by lentivirus mediated small interfering RNA ameliorates hepatic fibrosis in rats.

It is recognized that endogenous cannabinoids, which signal through CB1 receptors in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), exert a profibrotic effect on chronic liver diseases. In this study, we suppressed CB1 expression by lentivirus mediated small interfering RNA (CB1-RNAi-LV) and investigated its effect on hepatic fibrosis in vitro and in vivo. Our results demonstrated that CB1-RNAi-LV significantly inhibited CB1 expression, and suppressed proliferation and extracellular matrix production in HSCs.