Integration of Metabolomics and Transcriptomics to Reveal the Antitumor Mechanism of Polysaccharide-Based Nanocarriers in Enhancing Photodynamic Immunotherapy in Colorectal Cancer.

: The mechanism of polysaccharide-based nanocarriers in enhancing photodynamic immunotherapy in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains poorly understood. : The effects of TPA-3BCP-loaded cholesteryl hemisuccinate- polysaccharide nanoparticles (DOP@3BCP NPs) and their potential molecular mechanism of action in a tumor-bearing mouse model of CRC were investigated using non-targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics. Meanwhile, a histopathological analysis (H&E staining, Ki67 staining, and TUNEL assay) and a qRT-PCR analysis revealed the antitumor effects of DOP@3BCP NPs with and without light activation.

Thrombopoietin improves the functions of bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells via METTL16/Akt signalling of haematological patients with chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia.

Bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells (BM EPCs) are crucial in supporting haematopoietic regeneration, while the BM EPCs of haematological patients with chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) are unavoidably damaged. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the effect of thrombopoietin (TPO) on the recovery of BM EPCs of CIT patients and to identify the underlying mechanisms. The cell functions were determined by 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (Dil)-acetylated low-density lipoprotein (Dil-Ac-LDL) uptake and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled Ulex europaeus agglutinin-I (FITC-UEA-I) binding assay, as well as proliferation, migration and tube formation experiments.

Ficus hirta Vahl. ameliorates liver fibrosis by triggering hepatic stellate cell ferroptosis through GSH/GPX4 pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ficus hirta Vahl., a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used in the Lingnan region, has been extensively used for liver disease treatment in China. Its notable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties have been reported in previous studies.

Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction and Gut Microbiota in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Assessment, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Considerations.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a type of metabolic stress liver injury closely related to insulin resistance (IR) and genetic susceptibility without alcohol consumption, which encompasses a spectrum of liver disorders ranging from simple hepatic lipid accumulation, known as steatosis, to the more severe form of steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), posing significant health risks. As a multisystem disease, NAFLD is closely associated with systemic insulin resistance, central obesity, and metabolic disorders, which contribute to its pathogenesis and the development of extrahepatic complications, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and certain extrahepatic cancers.

Endothelial DR6 in blood-brain barrier malfunction in Alzheimer's disease.

The impairment of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) has been increasingly recognised as a critical element in the early pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), prompting a focus on brain endothelial cells (BECs), which serve as the primary constituents of the BBB. Death receptor 6 (DR6) is highly expressed in brain vasculature and acts downstream of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway to promote BBB formation during development. Here, we found that brain endothelial DR6 levels were significantly reduced in a murine model of AD (APP/PS1 mice) at the onset of amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation.

Hugan Qingzhi tablets attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease rats by regulating PERK and ATF6 pathways.

Background: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, promoting lipid metabolism disorders and steatohepatitis, contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hugan Qingzhi tablets (HQT) has a definite effect in the clinical treatment of NAFLD patients, but its mechanism is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of HQT on ER stress in the liver tissues of NAFLD rats and explore the underlying mechanism.

Berberine alleviates inflammation and suppresses PLA2-COX-2-PGE2-EP2 pathway through targeting gut microbiota in DSS-induced ulcerative colitis.

Berberine, isolated from Coptis chinensis and Phellodendron amurense, can attenuate colonic injury and modulate gut microbiota disorders in ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the mechanism and causal relationship between gut microbiota and the efficacy of Berberine on UC are still unclear, which were investigated by pseudo-germ-free (PGF) mice, 16S rRNA gene analysis and transcriptome analysis in this study. The results demonstrated that Berberine improved gut microbiota disorders, colon damage, tight-junction proteins, inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in DSS-induced colitis mice with intact gut microbiota but not in PGF mice.

Dual-Targeting Nanovesicles Carrying CSF1/CD47 Identified from Single-Cell Transcriptomics of Innate Immune Cells in Heart Transplant for Alleviating Acute Rejection.

Although immunosuppressive drugs for targeting T cells are the standard of care in acute transplantation rejection, the role of innate immune cells should not be ignored. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and flow cytometry are performed to reveal the dynamic changes of innate immune cells within the acute rejection time and find a significantly-increased presence of Ly6G Ly6C inflammatory macrophages and decreased presence of neutrophils among all types of immune cells. Next, to further explore potential targets regulating Ly6G Ly6C inflammatory macrophages, scRNA-seq is used to analyze the reciprocal signaling of both neutrophils and macrophages, along with the surface genes of macrophages.

Isoliquiritigenin suppresses the progression of malignant melanoma via targeting H2A.Z.1-E2F1 pathway.

Cutaneous melanoma is one of the most prevalent tumors, and it is still a huge challenge in the current clinical treatment. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL), which is isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., has been reported for its anti-tumor effect.

Alisol B 23-Acetate Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction by Inhibiting TLR4-NOX1/ROS Signaling Pathway in Caco-2 Cells.

Alisol B 23-Acetate (AB23A) is a naturally occurring triterpenoid, which can be indicated in the rhizome of medicinal and dietary plants from Alisma species. Previous studies have demonstrated that AB23A could inhibit intestinal permeability by regulating tight junction (TJ)-related proteins. Even so, the AB23A protective mechanism against intestinal barrier dysfunction remains poorly understood.

Vahl. Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through Regulating Lipid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has gradually become one of the most serious liver diseases threatening human health in the world. Currently, Chinese herbal medicine is a potentially important treatment option for NAFLD, and the development of effective Chinese herbal medicine has a good prospect. Previous studies have suggested that Vahl.

The probiotic effects of AB23A on high-fat-diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice may be associated with suppressing the serum levels of lipopolysaccharides and branched-chain amino acids.

Alisol B 23-acetate (AB23A) is a natural triterpenoid isolated from Rhizoma alisamatis that has been widely used as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Previous studies have documented the beneficial effect of AB23A on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the functional interactions between gut microbiota and the anti-NAFLD effect of AB23A remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the benefits of experimental treatment with AB23A on gut microbiota dysbiosis in NAFLD with an obesity model.

Gut microbiota as a target for prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes: Mechanisms and dietary natural products.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is among the most remarkable public health concerns globally. Accumulating research evidence documents that alteration of gut microbiota has an indispensable role in the onset and progression of obesity and T2DM. A reduced microbial diversity is linked to insulin resistance and energy metabolism, especially for the rise of the / ratio.

No association between recent antibiotic use and risk of rheumatoid arthritis: results from two prospective cohort studies.

Background: Retrospective research partly characterizes the link between antibiotic use and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) development. This prospective cohort study may help reassess the association.

Research Design And Methods: We included 133,125 participants from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHS II databases.

Hugan Qingzhi medication ameliorates free fatty acid-induced L02 hepatocyte endoplasmic reticulum stress by regulating the activation of PKC-δ.

Background: Previous studies have found that Hugan Qingzhi tablet (HQT) has significant lipid-lowering and antioxidant effects on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Moreover, the results of proteomic analysis confirmed that various proteins in endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathway were activated and recovered by HQT. However, its mechanism remains confused.

The dietary flavonoid isoliquiritigenin induced apoptosis and suppressed metastasis in melanoma cells: An in vitro and in vivo study.

Aims: This study aimed to explore the role of Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) in the proliferation and invasion of melanoma cells and investigate the mechanism of action of this compound.

Main Methods: The functional roles of ISL in melanoma cells were determined by CCK8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry and wound healing assay. The antitumor activity of ISL was assessed in vivo in a mouse xenograft model using A2058 cells.

Discovery of Quality Markers in Hugan Qingzhi Formula by Integrating a Lipid-Lowering Bioassay with UHPLC-QQQ-MS/MS.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent chronic liver disease. The Hugan Qingzhi formula (HGQZ) has been proven effective in treating NAFLD through clinical and pharmacological mechanism studies. A screening study of the chemical components was carried out to better control the quality of this formula.

Sodium aescinate significantly suppress postoperative peritoneal adhesion by inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway.

Background: Although mechanical barriers and modern surgical techniques have been developed to prevent postoperative adhesion formation, high incidence of adhesions still represents an important challenge in abdominal surgery. So far, there has been no available therapeutic drug in clinical practice.

Purpose: In this study, we explored the efficacy of sodium aescinate (AESS) treatment against postoperative peritoneal adhesions, the potential molecular mechanism was also investigated.

Berberine ameliorates colonic damage accompanied with the modulation of dysfunctional bacteria and functions in ulcerative colitis rats.

Intestinal flora imbalance is one of the potential pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases, and the study aims to discover the effect of berberine on the composition and function of gut microbiota in ulcerative colitis (UC) rats. UC rats were induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and administrated with berberine. Colonic morphological changes and claudin-1 protein of colon tissues were primarily examined to validate the protective effects brought by berberine treatment.

Modulation of the Gut Microbiota in Rats by Hugan Qingzhi Tablets during the Treatment of High-Fat-Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Background: Accumulative evidence showed that gut microbiota was important in regulating the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hugan Qingzhi tablet (HQT), a lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory medicinal formula, has been used to prevent and treat NAFLD. However, its mechanism of action is unknown.

Experimental and simulation research on the screening effect of the pixelated CZT imaging detector.

Massive efforts have been made to investigate the characteristics of the CdZnTe detector under different extreme conditions. In this paper, we experimented with different radiation sources to investigate the imaging screening effect of the pixelated CdZnTe detector under ultrahigh irradiance. A donut-shaped irradiation image was obtained due to the increase in the X-ray tube current or the tube voltage.

Data for iTRAQ-based quantification of the effect of HuganQingzhi on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats.

The data presented in this article are related to the research article entitled "Isobarictags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) -based proteomics for the investigation of the effect of HuganQingzhi on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats" (Yao et al., 2017) [1]. This article describes the effect of HuganQingzhi on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats at the level of the proteome (HFD: control, HH: control, HH: HFD, respectively).

Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based proteomics for the investigation of the effect of Hugan Qingzhi on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Hugan Qingzhi tablet (HQT), a traditional Chinese medicine formula has been adopted for preventing and treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Aim: In order to explore the anti-NAFLD mechanisms of HQT, iTRAQ-based proteomic was employed to investigate the expression profiles of proteins in NAFLD rats induced by high-fat diet after HQT treatment.

Materials And Methods: The NAFLD rat model was administrated with high-fat diet (HFD) for 12weeks.

Efficacy and safety of Reduqing granules in the treatment of common cold with wind-heat syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, positive-controlled trial.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of Reduqing granules in patients with common cold with wind-heat syndrome (CCWHS).

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel, positive- controlled trial included 72 CCWHS patients was performed. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups, Reduqing (RDQ) group and Lianhuaqingwen (LHQW) group, in a 1:1 ratio.

Isobaric Tags for Relative and Absolute Quantitation (iTRAQ)-Based Proteomic Analysis of Hugan Qingzhi and Its Protective Properties against Free Fatty Acid-Induced L02 Hepatocyte Injury.

In previous research, Hugan Qingzhi, a traditional Chinese medicine, was shown to have protective effects against hepatic steatosis. However, its activity against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the mechanisms by which it exerts its effects remain unknown. In the present study, the effects of Hugan Qingzhi on free fatty acid (FFA)-induced L02 cells were examined.