The Advance of Magnetic Resonance Elastography in Tumor Diagnosis.

The change in tissue stiffness caused by pathological changes in the tissue's structure could be detected earlier, prior to the manifestation of their clinical features. Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is a noninvasive imaging technique that uses low-frequency vibrations to quantitatively measure the elasticity or stiffness of tissues. In tumor tissue, stiffness is directly related to tumor development, invasion, metastasis, and chemoradiotherapy resistance.

Basal ganglia-orbitofrontal circuits are associated with prospective memory deficits in Wilson's disease.

Degenerative changes in the basal ganglia (BG) are thought to contribute to neurological symptoms in Wilson's disease (WD). However, very little is known about whether and how the BG have an influence on prospective memory (PM) by interacting with the cerebral cortex. Here, we employed structural magnetic resonance imaging to systematically examine the effect of volume atrophy of BG on cortical thickness and to evaluate the relationships between cortical thickness of regions associated with BG atrophy and PM performance in WD.

Publisher Correction: A neural circuit for comorbid depressive symptoms in chronic pain.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Transfer learning on T1-weighted images for brain age estimation.

Due to both the hidden nature and the irreversibility of Alzheimers disease (AD), it has become the killer of the elderly and is thus the focus of much attention in the medical field. Radiologists compare the predicted brain age with the ground truth in order to provide a preliminary analysis of AD, which helps doctors diagnose AD as early in its development as possible. In this paper, a transfer learning-based method of predicting brain age using MR images and dataset of a public brain was proposed.

A neural circuit for comorbid depressive symptoms in chronic pain.

Comorbid depressive symptoms (CDS) in chronic pain are a common health problem, but the neural circuit mechanisms underlying these symptoms remain unclear. Here we identify a novel pathway involving 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) projections from the dorsal raphe nucleus (5-HT) to somatostatin (SOM)-expressing and non-SOM interneurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA). The SOM neurons project directly to the lateral habenula, an area known involved in depression.

Enhancing tumor chemotherapy and overcoming drug resistance through autophagy-mediated intracellular dissolution of zinc oxide nanoparticles.

Autophagy may represent a common cellular response to nanomaterials. In the present study, it was demonstrated that zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZON)-elicited autophagy contributes to tumor cell killing by accelerating the intracellular dissolution of ZONs and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. In particular, ZONs could promote Atg5-regulated autophagy flux without the impairment of autophagosome-lysosome fusion, which is responsible for ZON-elicited cell death in cancer cells.