Effect of elevated incubation temperatures on learning and brain anatomy of hatchling and juvenile lizards.

Global warming is a major threat to reptiles because temperature strongly affects their development. High incubation temperatures reduce hatchling body size and physiological performance; however, its effects on brain development and learning abilities are less well understood. In particular, it remains unclear if the effects of elevated temperatures on learning are restricted to hatchlings or instead will persist later in life.

Atomic Hydrogen Interaction with Transition Metal Surfaces: A High-Throughput Computational Study.

Hydrogen adatoms are involved in many reactions catalyzed by Transition Metal (TM) surfaces, such as the Haber-Bosch process or the reverse water gas shift reaction, key to our modern society. Any rational improvement on such a catalyst requires an atomistic knowledge of the metal↔hydrogen interaction, only attainable from first-principles calculations on suited, realistic models. The present thorough density functional theory study evaluates such H interaction at a low coverage on most stable surfaces of , , and TMs.

Long-term safety of OnabotulinumtoxinA treatment in chronic migraine patients: a five-year retrospective study.

Background: Real-world studies have shown the sustained therapeutic effect and favourable safety profile of OnabotulinumtoxinA (BoNTA) in the long term and up to 4 years of treatment in chronic migraine (CM). This study aims to assess the safety profile and efficacy of BoNTA in CM after 5 years of treatment in a real-life setting.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of patients with CM in relation to BoNTA treatment for more than 5 years in 19 Spanish headache clinics.

Novel Microsatellite Tags Hold Promise for Illuminating the Lost Years in Four Sea Turtle Species.

After hatching, sea turtles leave the nest and disperse into the ocean. Many years later, they return to their natal coastlines. The period between their leaving and their returning to natal areas, known as the "Lost Years", is poorly understood.

Influence of key factors on ammonia and nitrous oxide emission factors for excreta deposited by livestock and land-applied manure.

Ammonia (NH) and nitrous oxide (NO) emissions from livestock manure management have a significant impact on air quality and climate change. There is an increasing urgency to improve our understanding of drivers influencing these emissions. We analysed the DATAMAN ("DATAbase for MANaging greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions factors") database to identify key factors influencing (i) NH emission factors (EFs) for cattle and swine manure applied to land and (ii) NO EFs for cattle and swine manure applied to land, and (iii) cattle urine, dung and sheep urine deposited during grazing.

A CURE on the Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance in Improves Student Conceptual Understanding.

We developed labs on the evolution of antibiotic resistance to assess the costs and benefits of replacing traditional laboratory exercises in an introductory biology course for majors with a course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE). To assess whether participating in the CURE imposed a cost in terms of exam performance, we implemented a quasi-experiment in which four lab sections in the same term of the same course did the CURE labs, while all other students did traditional labs. To assess whether participating in the CURE impacted other aspects of student learning, we implemented a second quasi-experiment in which all students either did traditional labs over a two-quarter sequence or did CURE labs over a two-quarter sequence.

Assessing how well students understand the molecular basis of evolution by natural selection.

Researchers have called for undergraduate courses to update teaching frameworks based on the Modern Synthesis with insights from molecular biology, by stressing the molecular underpinnings of variation and adaptation. To support this goal, we developed a modified version of the widely used Assessing Conceptual Reasoning of Natural Selection (ACORNS) instrument. The expanded tool, called the E-ACORNS, is explicitly designed to test student understanding of the connections among genotypes, phenotypes, and fitness.

DATAMAN: A global database of methane, nitrous oxide, and ammonia emission factors for livestock housing and outdoor storage of manure.

Livestock manure management systems can be significant sources of nitrous oxide (N O), methane (CH ), and ammonia (NH ) emissions. Many studies have been conducted to improve our understanding of the emission processes and to identify influential variables in order to develop mitigation techniques adapted to each manure management step (animal housing, outdoor storage, and manure spreading to land). The international project DATAMAN (http://www.

Omicron Breakthrough Infection After Heterologous Prime-Boost Vaccination Induces a Vigorous Antibody Response.

Infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant is usually asymptomatic or mild and appears to be poorly immunogenic at least in unvaccinated individuals. Here, we found that health care workers vaccinated with 2 doses of Sputnik V and a booster dose of ChAdOx1 mount a vigorous neutralizing-antibody response after Omicron breakthrough infection.

(Very) long-term transport of Silurus glanis, Carcharhinus melanopterus, Scomber colias, Trachurus picturatus, Polyprion americanus, Rhinoptera marmoratus, Salmo salar, Scomber scombrus, Sardina pilchardus, and others, by land, water and air.

In this paper, we cover 4 years of live fish transports that ranged from 14 to 200 h (8 days), and bioloads from 3.8 to 76.9 kg/m .

MAB-MIG: registry of the spanish neurological society of erenumab for migraine prevention.

Background: Erenumab was approved in Europe for migraine prevention in patients with ≥ 4 monthly migraine days (MMDs). In Spain, Novartis started a personalized managed access program, which allowed free access to erenumab before official reimbursement. The Spanish Neurological Society started a prospective registry to evaluate real-world effectiveness and tolerability, and all Spanish headache experts were invited to participate.

Behavioral Thermoregulation by Mothers Protects Offspring from Global Warming but at a Cost.

AbstractThermal conditions during embryonic development affect offspring phenotype in ectotherms. Therefore, rising environmental temperatures can have important consequences for an individual's fitness. Nonetheless, females have some capacity to compensate for potential negative consequences that adverse developmental environments may have on their offspring.

Ammonia and nitrous oxide emission factors for excreta deposited by livestock and land-applied manure.

Manure application to land and deposition of urine and dung by grazing animals are major sources of ammonia (NH ) and nitrous oxide (N O) emissions. Using data on NH and N O emissions following land-applied manures and excreta deposited during grazing, emission factors (EFs) disaggregated by climate zone were developed, and the effects of mitigation strategies were evaluated. The NH data represent emissions from cattle and swine manures in temperate wet climates, and the N O data include cattle, sheep, and swine manure emissions in temperate wet/dry and tropical wet/dry climates.

Are ectotherm brains vulnerable to global warming?

Elevated temperatures during development affect a wide range of traits in ectotherms. Less well understood is the impact of global warming on brain development, which has only rarely been studied experimentally. Here, we evaluate current progress in the field and search for common response patterns among ectotherm groups.

DATAMAN: A global database of nitrous oxide and ammonia emission factors for excreta deposited by livestock and land-applied manure.

Nitrous oxide (N O), ammonia (NH ), and methane (CH ) emissions from the manure management chain of livestock production systems are important contributors to greenhouse gases (GHGs) and NH emitted by human activities. Several studies have evaluated manure-related emissions and associated key variables at regional, national, or continental scales. However, there have been few studies focusing on the drivers of these emissions using a global dataset.

PPARα and PPARβ/δ are negatively correlated with proinflammatory markers in leukocytes of an obese pediatric population.

Background: Obesity configures a pathophysiological profile that predisposes the development of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, critically impacting public health. The chronic dysregulation of immuno-metabolic components triggered by pediatric obesity is a common but scarcely understood aspect of the disease. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of transcription factors essential for energy and immune homeostasis of different tissues.

Effect of early thermal environment on the morphology and performance of a lizard species with bimodal reproduction.

Early developmental environments influence life-history traits and survival of reptiles. In fact, rising global temperatures have already caused widespread extinctions among lizards. Viviparous species might be more susceptible to increasing temperatures because of their inability to meet their energetic demands following rapid environmental changes.

Milk production responses, rumen fermentation, and blood metabolites of dairy cows fed increasing concentrations of forage rape (Brassica napus ssp. Biennis).

The aim of this study was to determine animal performance, rumen fermentation, and health-related blood metabolites of dairy cows in mid lactation fed with increasing levels (30 and 45%) of forage rape (FR) in the diet. Twelve pregnant multiparous lactating Holstein-Friesian dairy cows were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 dietary treatments in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design. The experiment was divided into three 21-d periods.

Association between benzodiazepine use and development of dementia.

Objective: To evaluate the association between use of benzodiazepines and incident dementia.

Methods: Analytical prospective nested case-control study for which the Spanish database for pharmacoepidemiological research in primary care (BIFAP) of the Spanish Agency of Medicines and Medical Devices (AEMPS) was used. A total of 15,212 subjects diagnosed with dementia of the Alzheimer type and 62,397 controls were identified.

Diurnal Concentration of Urinary Nitrogen and Rumen Ammonia Are Modified by Timing and Mass of Herbage Allocation.

The objective of this work was to evaluate whether changes in time of herbage allocation and herbage mass (HM) (low (L) or medium (M)) modify the diurnal pattern of urinary nitrogen (N) concentration and ruminal ammonia (NH) of lactating dairy cows. Four Holstein-Friesian cows fitted with rumen cannula were randomly allocated to one of four treatments: 1) low herbage mass in the morning (L-AM) (Access to new herbage allocation after morning milking with a herbage mass (HM) of 2000 kg DM/ha); 2) low herbage mass in the afternoon (L-PM) (Access to new herbage allocation after afternoon milking with a HM of 2000 kg DM/ha); 3) medium herbage mass in the morning (M-AM) (Access to new herbage allocation after morning milking with a HM of 3000 kg DM/ha); and 4) medium herbage mass in the afternoon (M-PM) (Access to new herbage allocation after afternoon milking with a HM of 3000 kg DM/ha). A four by four Latin Square design with four treatments, four cows, and four experimental periods was used to evaluate treatment effects.

A new species of Pristimantis (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the cloud forests of Colombian western Andes.

The frogs of the genus Pristimantis are recognized for their characteristic reproductive mode and for their incredible diversity of species, becoming the genus with the highest number of species within tetrapod vertebrates. We describe here a new species of Pristimantis from the northwestern Andes of Colombia. The species was found between 2000-2500 m.

The Order of Grass and Maize Silage Supplementation Modifies Milk Yield, Grazing Behavior and Nitrogen Partitioning of Lactating Dairy Cows.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the order of grass silage (GS) and maize silage (MS) supplementation on milk yield, grazing behavior and nitrogen (N) partitioning of lactating dairy cows during autumn. Thirty-six Holstein-Friesian dairy cows were randomly assigned to one of three treatments, and cows remained on these treatments for a 62 days period: (1) MIX; cows supplemented with 3 kg of dry matter (DM) of silage containing 1.5 kg DM of MS and 1.

One-year prognosis of non-traumatic cortical subarachnoid haemorrhage: A prospective series of 34 patients.

Introduction: Cortical subarachnoid haemorrhage (cSAH) has multiple aetiologies. No prospective study has reported the long-term progression of the condition. The objective of this study is to describe the clinical and aetiological characteristics of patients with cSAH and to gain insight into prognosis.