Evaluation of Root and Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular First and Second Molars in a Greek Population: A CBCT Study.

Objective: Τo study the number of roots, canal configurations, and frequency of morphological variations in mandibular first and second molars in a Greek population.

Methods: This study examined 478 mandibular first molars and 524 mandibular second molars using a high-resolution cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The number of roots was recorded and the root canal configuration was categorized based on the classification by Vertucci.

Mandibular canines with additional roots: An ex vivo study of the external and internal morphology.

The aim of this study was to investigate the root and root canal morphologies of mandibular canines with additional roots using cone-beam computed tomography. Seventy-seven extracted two-rooted and one-three-rooted permanent human mandibular canines were selected. Aspects of the external morphology evaluated were crown length, root length, total length, root bifurcation distance from the cementoenamel junction, root size, and direction of the root curvature in the apical third.

3-Rooted Maxillary First Premolars: An Ex Vivo Study of External and Internal Morphologies.

Introduction: This study aimed to analyze the external and internal morphologies of 3-rooted maxillary first premolars using cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) imaging.

Methods: Fifty-six three-rooted maxillary first premolars were imaged by CBCT imaging and classified into 4 groups on the basis of external root morphology. Internal morphologic features, including the shapes of the buccal and palatal orifices and distances of bifurcation of the buccal-palatal and mesiobuccal-distobuccal root canals from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ), were measured.

Spectrophotometric analysis of crown discoloration induced by MTA- and ZnOE-based sealers.

Unlabelled: Crown discoloration can be induced by root canal sealer remnants following root canal treatment.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate chromatic alterations in human tooth crowns induced by a Mineral Trioxide Aggregate-based sealer (MTA Fillapex®) and a commonly used ZnOE-based sealer (Roth-811). The tested null hypothesis was that the application of the materials did not induce clinically perceptible crown discoloration (Ho: CIE color difference ΔE<3.

Validation and spectrophotometric analysis of crown discoloration induced by root canal sealers.

Objectives: A major cause of crown discoloration is root canal sealer remnants in the pulp chamber, after root canal obturation. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the chromogenic effect of common and new-generation root canal sealers. The tested null hypothesis was that none of the sealers induced clinically perceptible crown discoloration, ex vivo (H(0): CIE color difference ∆Ε < 3.

Endodontic management and cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of seven maxillary and mandibular molars with single roots and single canals in a patient.

Introduction: The knowledge of root canal morphology and the existing anatomical variations is essential for successful endodontic therapy.

Methods: This report presents an extraordinary case of unusual tooth morphology involving the bilateral existence of 7 maxillary and mandibular first and second molars with a single root and a single canal in a patient.

Results: Endodontic retreatment of the affected teeth #15, #19, and #18 was performed.

Fluid-transport evaluation of lateral condensation, ProTaper gutta-percha and warm vertical condensation obturation techniques.

The purpose of this study was to compare the microleakage of four obturation techniques (lateral condensation, lateral condensation of ProTaper Gutta-percha, single ProTaper Gutta-percha and warm vertical condensation) over a 3-month period. A fluid-transport model was used to measure microleakage. Sixty human-extracted teeth, divided into four groups, were prepared with ProTaper rotary instruments before the root canals were filled by one of the four examined techniques.

Comparative study of the cytotoxic effect of Resilon against two cell lines.

Resilon is a new material that is a candidate to replace gutta-percha as a root filling material. This study evaluated the antiproliferative effect of Resilon and two commercially available gutta-percha points (Roeko, Dentsply). Two established cell lines (L929 and RPC-C2A) were used for the experiment.

In vitro evaluation of the cytotoxicity of ProRoot MTA and MTA Angelus.

The purpose of the present in vitro study was to compare the cytotoxic effect of two commercially available brands of mineral trioxide cement (ProRoot MTA and MTA Angelus), modified zinc oxide-eugenol cement (SuperEBA) and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Vitrebond) using rat pulp cells (RPC-C2A) and human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5). The cells were cultured in typical culture conditions and exposed to the tested materials by adaptation of insert wells. The cytotoxic effect was recorded at two observation periods (24 and 72 h) by using a colorimetric assay of tetrazolium reduction (XTT method) in reference to controls.

Shear bond strength of AH-26 and Epiphany to composite resin and Resilon.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative bond strengths of AH-26 and Epiphany sealers to both Resilon and composite resin. Four groups of substrate/bonded sealer combinations were tested: group A, composite resin substrate + Epiphany sealer; group B, composite resin substrate + AH-26 sealer; group C, Resilon substrate + Epiphany sealer; and group D, Resilon substrate + AH-26 sealer. Bond strength was evaluated in shear mode by using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.

Effect of heat application on adhesion of epoxy resin sealer.

Sealers are subjected to high temperatures during the warm condensation of gutta-percha; however, there are few reports on the impact of this temperature rise on the physical properties of a sealer. The purpose of this study was to compare the bond strength of AH26 to human dentin substrates, with or without heat application, by measuring the shear bond strength with a single plane shear test assembly. The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the shear bond strength of AH26 with or without heat application, indicating that the use of this sealer with all warm compaction techniques might be considered safe from this perspective.

Comparative study of the sealing ability of a polydimethylsiloxane-based root canal sealer.

The purpose of this study was to compare the sealing ability of three root canal sealers, RSA (polydimethylsiloxane sealer), Endion (glass-ionomer sealer) and Topseal (epoxy resin sealer), with and without smear layer removal. Ninety extracted human teeth were selected and assigned to 6 groups (n=15), according to the following protocols: in 3 groups, the smear layer was left intact and the root canals were obturated with gutta-percha points and RSA, Endion and Topseal, respectively; in the other 3 groups, the smear layer was removed and the root canals were obturated in the same way as described above. Microleakage was measured at 7 days, 1 month and 2 months, using the fluid transport model.

Antiproliferative effect of mineral trioxide aggregate, zinc oxide-eugenol cement, and glass-ionomer cement against three fibroblastic cell lines.

An important requirement for dental materials placed in direct contact with living tissues is biocompatibility. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of three dental materials (mineral trioxide aggregate, zinc oxide-eugenol cement, and glass-ionomer cement) against a panel of established fibroblastic cell lines (L929, BHK21/C13, and RPC-C2A). The materials were prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions and were tested in insert wells for 12, 24, and 48 h.

Comparative study of apical sealing ability of a new resin-based root canal sealer.

The purpose of this study was to compare the microleakage of two root canal sealers, Fibrefill (resin-based sealer) and calciobiotic root canal sealer (CRCS; calcium hydroxide-based sealer), with and without the presence of smear layer. The model used for the measurement of microleakage was a fluid transport model. Sixty human extracted teeth were used in this study.