Analyses of Adverse Drug Reactions to Fluoroquinolones in Spontaneous Reports Before and After the Referral and in Clinical Routine Cases.

Introduction: In November 2018, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) restricted the use of fluoroquinolones (used by mouth, injections or inhalation) in the context of a referral due to long-lasting and potentially irreversible adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Fluoroquinolones should no longer be used to treat mild or moderate bacterial infections unless other antibacterials cannot be used.

Objectives: The first aim of our study was to analyze whether in the period before compared with after the referral the characteristics of spontaneous ADR reports related to fluoroquinolones differed and whether specific ADRs were more frequently reported for fluoroquinolones compared with cotrimoxazole.

Diagnosis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension after acute pulmonary embolism: data from a practice-based longitudinal cohort.

Background: A large prospective multicenter cohort study with systematic follow-up recently reported a 2.3% 2-year cumulative incidence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) after acute pulmonary embolism (PE).

Objectives: The present investigation aimed to determine the reported prevalence and incidence of CTEPH diagnosis after acute PE in real-world practice over a 12-year period.

Trends in antipsychotic use among children and adolescents in Germany: a study using 2011-2020 nationwide outpatient claims data.

Introduction: We aimed to provide an update on trends in antipsychotic (AP) use among children and adolescents in Germany.

Materials And Methods: Based on nationwide outpatient claims data from Germany, we conducted a cross-sectional study. For each year from 2011 to 2020, we determined the prevalence of AP use, defined as the proportion of children and adolescents with at least one AP dispensation.

Identification and comparison of sex-specific serious adverse drug reactions in spontaneous reports and systematically collected reports (ADRED).

Aims: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are known to show sex-specific differences in occurrence and phenotype. The aim of this study was to analyse sex-specific differences in ADR-drug combinations that required hospitalization based on two different datasets.

Methods: We performed a complementary analysis of (i) spontaneously reported (n = 12 564, female = 51.

A complex intervention on vaccination uptake among older adults (≥ 60 years) in Germany - a study protocol with a mixed methods design.

Background: The current uptake of many vaccinations recommended for persons aged 60 and older is unsatisfactory in Germany. Lack of confidence in the safety and efficacy of vaccinations, lack of knowledge and insecurities about possible side effects, and numerous pragmatic barriers are just some of the reasons to be mentioned. General practitioners (GPs) play a central role in the vaccination process.

The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Outpatient Antibiotic Prescription Rates in Children and Adolescents-A Claims-Based Study in Germany.

The aim of the study was to examine whether the COVID-19 pandemic had any effect on antibiotic prescription rates in children in Germany. Using the nationwide outpatient prescription data from the Statutory Health Insurance from 2010 to 2021, changes in the monthly prescriptions of systemic antibiotics dispensed to children aged 0-14 years were examined ( = 9,688,483 in 2021). Interrupted time series analysis was used to assess the effect of mitigation measures against SARS-COV-2, introduced in March and November 2020, on antibiotic prescription rates.

Health outcomes among detoxification patients: The role of chronic pain.

Understanding associations between chronic pain and health outcomes among detoxification patients may help improve treatment outcomes and abstinence rates. Exercise is a modifiable lifestyle factor that may reduce the effect of pain on outcomes in this population. The current study examined whether baseline pain, exercise, and their interaction were associated with psychiatric and medical severity, and abstinence self-efficacy, over six months following detoxification.

Notch Signaling in Breast Cancer: A Role in Drug Resistance.

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that can be subdivided into unique molecular subtypes based on protein expression of the Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, and/or the Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2. Therapeutic approaches are designed to inhibit these overexpressed receptors either by endocrine therapy, targeted therapies, or combinations with cytotoxic chemotherapy. However, a significant percentage of breast cancers are inherently resistant or acquire resistance to therapies, and mechanisms that promote resistance remain poorly understood.

Randomized controlled trial of enhanced telephone monitoring with detoxification patients: 3- and 6-month outcomes.

Telehealth interventions have the potential to deter repeated detoxification episodes and improve outcomes. Using a sample of 298 detoxification inpatients, this randomized controlled trial compared Enhanced Telephone Monitoring (ETM) to usual care (UC) on the primary outcome of reducing subsequent detoxification, and secondary outcomes of linking patients to addiction treatment and mutual-help, and patients' experience of improved substance use and mental health outcomes. At the 3-month follow-up (i.

Effects of high fat or high sucrose diet on behavioral-response to social defeat stress in mice.

Stress increases risk for psychopathology, and diet may moderate the impact of stress on mental health. A "Western" diet has been linked to psychopathology in humans; animal studies also show that diet can influence negative valence behavior in the presence or absence of stress, but findings are inconsistent. Contradictions in existing studies may result from differences in macronutrient content of diets and presence of metabolic syndrome.

Patient and program factors that bridge the detoxification-treatment gap: a structured evidence review.

Although completion of detoxification (detox) and a successful transition from detox to substance use disorder (SUD) treatment and/or mutual-help groups are associated with better SUD outcomes, many patients do not complete detox or do not receive SUD care following detox. The purpose of this structured evidence review, summarizing data extraction on a yield of 26 articles, is to identify patient, program, and system factors associated with the outcomes of completion of alcohol detox and successful transitions from alcohol detox to SUD treatment and mutual-help group participation. The review found wide variability among studies in the rates at which patients complete a detox episode (45 to 95%) and enter SUD treatment or mutual-help groups after detox (14 to 92%).

The effects of alcohol expectancy priming on group bonding.

According to alcohol expectancy theory, drinking-related information is stored in memory and, when cue activated, influences alcohol-related behavior. Priming of alcohol cues and expectancies has been shown to elicit both drinking and nonconsumptive behavior associated with alcohol consumption, such as willingness to meet with a stranger and aggression. These social influence effects have been shown to be moderated by individual differences in alcohol expectancies.

Explicit and implicit measures of expectancy and related alcohol cognitions: a meta-analytic comparison.

Implicit measures assess the influence of past experience on present behavior in the absence of respondents' awareness of that influence. Application of implicit measurement to expectancy and related alcohol cognition research has helped elucidate the links between alcohol-related experiences, the functioning of alcohol-related memory, and alcohol-related behavior. Despite these advances, a coherent picture of the role of implicit measurement has been difficult to achieve because of the diversity of implicit measures used.

[Optimizing radiotherapy for carcinomas of the tongue and floor of the mouth. Measurement of oncoradiogenic enzyme peaks of GPI].

After a first irradiation with 2 and 5 Gy blood samples were collected at 30 minutes' intervals for 24 hours in 19 tongue cancer patients to assess the activity of the glycosis enzyme glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) and the creatine kinase (CK). In all patients the GPI activity exhibited peaks at reproducible points in time. Observed for the very first time, this GPI peak had a height at 15 to 18 hours following radiation that correlated with the tumor volume and the irradiation dose.

[Detection of early tumor reactions in irradiation of tumors of the gastrointestinal tract by measuring the onco-radiogenic enzyme peak of glucosephosphate isomerase].

In 43 patients with oesophageal, pancreatic and rectal carcinoma blood samples were taken after the first irradiation and the activity of the glycolytic enzyme glucose-6-phosphate isomerase was measured. In all patients GPI peaks occurred at reproducible time intervals. The height of the enzyme peak occurring 15.

[Possibilities for optimizing radiotherapy of cancers of the ENT area by measuring oncoradiogenic enzyme peaks of glucose-6-phosphate isomerase].

Blood samples were taken from 39 patients with head and neck carcinomas after the initial irradiation, and the activity of the glycolytic enzyme glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) was measured. All patients showed GPI peaks at reproducible times. The height of the enzyme peak occurring 15.

[Possibilities for optimizing radiotherapy of cervix cancers by measuring the enzyme peak of GPI after initial irradiation].

Following the first irradiation with a dose of 1.6 respectively 2 Gy we determined the activity of glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) and of creatine kinase in intervals of 30 minutes for 24 hours. In all patients we could observe peaks of GPI-activity 15.

[Possibilities for optimization of radiotherapy of esophageal carcinoma through measurement of the oncoradiogenic enzyme peak of glucosephosphate isomerase].

In 20 patients with oesophageal carcinoma blood samples were taken after the first irradiation and the activity of the glycolytic enzyme glucose-6-phosphate isomerase was measured. In all patients there occur GPI peaks at reproducible times. The height of the enzyme peak occurring 15.

[Radiotherapy of benign non-tumorous diseases from the viewpoint of the Hospital for Oncology (Charité): experiences, possibilities and limitations].

With the development of the state of medical knowledge in the special subjects and the increase of medicamentous and physiotherapeutic possibilities the indications of radiotherapy of benign nontumourous diseases changed. The application of radiotherapy altogether decreased in benign diseases. In tabular form the basic rules radiation technique of benign diseases, the indications and possibilities as well as the contraindications of the radiotherapy of benign non-tumourous diseases are described.

Reversible cortical blindness (Anton's syndrome) associated with bilateral occipital EEG abnormalities.

A 50-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus was admitted in an obtunded state. An EEG recorded while she was unconscious demonstrated one episode of rhythmic sharp wave activity in the left occipital area that lasted for 5 minutes and was followed later in the same recording by an episode of high amplitude sharp wave discharges in the right posterior temporal and occipital areas. When the patient regained consciousness, she had an Anton's syndrome of cortical blindness with denial.