Prospects for application of microorganisms in bioremediation of soils contaminated with pesticides.

The contamination of soil with residual amounts of pesticides remains an urgent challenge for human community. The most efficient approach to address this challenge is the direct microbial degradation of a pesticide in agricultural lands. To this end, the selected microorganisms, which quickly and completely utilize pesticides, are employed.

Detection of gene clusters for biodegradation of alkanes and aromatic compounds in the Rhodococcus qingshengii VKM Ac-2784D genome.

Bacterial species of the genus Rhodococcus are known to be efficient degraders of hydrocarbons in contaminated soil. They are also employed for bioremediation of polluted environments. These bacteria are widely met in soil, water and living organisms.

Design of novel water-soluble isoxazole-based antimicrobial agents and evaluation of their cytotoxicity and acute toxicity.

Based on the readily available 3-organyl-5-(chloromethyl)isoxazoles, a number of previously unknown water-soluble conjugates of isoxazoles with thiourea, amino acids, some secondary and tertiary amines, and thioglycolic acid were synthesized. The bacteriostatic activity of aforementioned compounds has been studied against Enterococcus durans B-603, Bacillus subtilis B-407, Rhodococcus qingshengii Ac-2784D, and Escherichia coli B-1238 microorganisms (provided by All-Russian Collection of Microorganisms, VKM). The influence of the nature of the substituents in positions 3 and 5 of the isoxazole ring on the antimicrobial activity of the obtained compounds has been determined.

Phosphine chalcogenides and their derivatives from red phosphorus and functionalized pyridines, imidazoles, pyrazoles and their antimicrobial and cytostatic activity.

Tertiary phosphine oxides, phosphine sulfides, and phosphine selenides containing pyridine, imidazole, and pyrazole groups have been synthesized via the reaction of elemental phosphorus or secondary phosphine oxides with functional pyridines, imidazoles, and pyrazoles. Alkyl tris(2-pyridylethyl)phosphonium iodide and bromide are also obtained by quaternization of the corresponding phosphine. Antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds, including nitrogen-containing heterocycles, phosphorus, selenium, and sulfur, with respect to Enterococcus durans, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa microorganisms is evaluated.

Effect of colchicine on physiological and biochemical properties of Rhodococcus qingshengii.

The genus Rhodococcus includes polymorphic non-spore-forming gram-positive bacteria belonging to the class Actinobacteria. Together with Mycobacterium and Corynebacterium, Rhodococcus belongs to the Mycolata group. Due to their relatively high growth rate and ability to form biof ilms, Rhodococcus are a convenient model for studying the effect of biologically active compounds on pathogenic Mycolata.

A Novel Family of [1,4]Thiazino[2,3,4-]quinolin-4-ium Derivatives: Regioselective Synthesis Based on Unsaturated Heteroatom and Heterocyclic Compounds and Antibacterial Activity.

A novel family of [1,4]thiazino[2,3,4-]quinolin-4-ium derivatives was synthesized by annulation reactions of 8-quinolinesulfenyl chloride with unsaturated heteroatom and heterocyclic compounds. It was found that the reactions with 4-pentenoic and 5-hexenoic acids, allyl chloride and bromide, allyl cyanate and vinyl heterocyclic compounds (-vinyl pyrrolidin-2-one and 1-vinylimidazole) proceeded in a regioselective mode but with the opposite regiochemistry. The reactions with vinyl heterocyclic compounds included electrophilic addition of the sulfur atom of 8-quinolinesulfenyl chloride to the β-carbon atom of the vinyl group.

Complete Genome Sequence of Rhodococcus qingshengii Strain VKM Ac-2784D, Isolated from Elytrigia repens Rhizosphere.

Rhizosphere bacteria are considered to be promising destructors of oil and its components. Bacterial species of the genus can degrade a variety of hydrocarbons and are widely used for the bioremediation of polluted environments. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of strain VKM Ac-2784D.

Arabinogalactan propargyl ethers: Au-catalysed hydroamination by imidazols.

A method for the synthesis of pharmacologically prospective arabinogalactan (AG) imidazole- and benzimidazole derivatives in a yield of up to 97 % via Au(III)-catalyzed hydroamination of AG propargyl ethers has been developed. It is found that in the presence of 5 mol% HAuC1 and 10-fold excess imidazole relative to the propargyl groups, the hydroamination successfully competes with cross-linking processes to afford products soluble in DMSO and aqueous HC1 solutions (degree of substitution of imidazolylpropenyl fragments 0.5-1.

[Ability of opportunistic enterobacteria to adapt to different temperatures].

Aim: To study variability of enzymatic apparatus of opportunistic enterobacteria.

Materials And Methods: Clinical strains of Morganella morganii, Citrobacter freundii, Proteus mirabilis isolated from patients treated in Irkutsk Regional Hospital for Infectious Diseases. Activity of cellulase and lipase as well as amount of auxins and gibberellins was studied in these bacteria at different cultivation temperatures.

[Microbiological and biochemical study of lignocompost during succession].

The investigation of microbiological succession and changes in the enzymatic activity, temperature, pH, and phytotoxicity of lignin during its composting showed that the addition of a starter culture (a specially developed association of microorganisms) affects degradational succession in the compost pile. The process of composting can be monitored either microbiologically or biochemically, by measuring the activity of some enzymes. The compost is ready for use when the activity of oxidoreductases (particularly polyphenol oxidases) falls and the activity of invertase stabilizes at a certain level.