Antimicrobial isoflavans and other metabolites of Dalea nana.

The phytochemical investigation of extracts from Dalea nana roots and aerial parts led to the isolation of thirteen phenolic compounds. Three previously undescribed isoflavans, named verdeans A-C (1, 3, and 7), were characterized. Two additional isoflavans (2 and 5) were previously undescribed enantiomers of known compounds.

Antimicrobial Isoflavans and Other Metabolites of Dalea jamesii.

The phytochemical investigation of extracts of root and aerial portions led to the isolation of ten phenolic compounds. Six previously undescribed prenylated isoflavans, summarily named ormegans A - F (1 - 6: ), were characterized, along with two new arylbenzofurans (7, 8: ), a known flavone (9: ), and a known chroman (10: ). The structures of the new compounds were deduced by NMR spectroscopy, supported by HRESI mass spectrometry.

Investigation of Dalea parryi (Fabaceae) metabolites for anthelmintic activity against the human pathogenic hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum.

The US Southwest plant Dalea parryi (Fabaceae) was investigated as part of an ongoing study of the potential of plant compounds for anthelmintic activity to the human pathogenic hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum. This has resulted in the isolation of three previously undescribed isoflavonoid metabolites, denoted parryans A-C, a chalcone, six pterocarpans, and three known compounds from the roots of D. parryi.

Phenolic Metabolites of Dalea ornata Affect Both Survival and Motility of the Human Pathogenic Hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum.

Hookworms are ubiquitous human parasites, infecting nearly one billion people worldwide, and are the leading cause of anemia and malnutrition in resource-limited countries. Current drug treatments rely on the benzimidazole derivatives albendazole and mebendazole, but there is emerging resistance to these drugs. As part of a larger screening effort, using a hamster-based ex vivo assay, anthelmintic activity toward Ancylostoma ceylanicum was observed in the crude extract of aerial parts of Dalea ornata.

Antimicrobial and antiinsectan phenolic metabolites of Dalea searlsiae.

Continued interest in the chemistry of Dalea spp. led to investigation of Dalea searlsiae, a plant native to areas of the western United States. Methanol extractions of D.

Fungal ABC transporter-associated activity of isoflavonoids from the root extract of Dalea formosa.

New potential treatments for disseminated fungal infections are needed, especially for infections caused by the commonly drug-resistant pathogens Candida albicans and C. glabrata. These pathogens cause systemic candidiasis, a significant cause of mortality in immune-compromised patients.

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effect of EFF1001, an Actinidia arguta (hardy kiwi) preparation, on CADESI score and pruritus in dogs with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis.

Canine atopic dermatitis (AD) is common and new therapies are beneficial. This multicentric, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study tested the efficacy of Actinidia arguta (hardy kiwi) (EFF1001) in dogs with mild/moderate AD. The study was divided into two stages.

Clinical study of the effects on asthma-related QOL and asthma management of a medical food in adult asthma patients.

Background: Asthma can have a negative impact on quality of life although this is not well correlated with objective evaluations of pulmonary function. A medical food, EFF1009, containing the fatty acids gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) decreases leukotriene B(4) synthesis in patients with asthma. Two previous clinical studies with EFF1009 provided preliminary evidence that the medical food improves asthma-related quality of life (ARQOL) and asthma management.

Activity of isoflavans of Dalea aurea (Fabaceae) against the opportunistic ameba naegleria fowleri.

One new and one known isoflavan, 3 S(+)-7-methoxymanuifolin K (1) and manuifolin K (2), respectively, were isolated from methanolic extracts of Dalea aurea (Fabaceae). Isoflavans 1 and 2 exhibited significant in vitro activity against the ameba Naegleria fowleri, an organism responsible for an infrequent but rapidly fatal form of primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). At concentrations of 30 microM, both 1 and 2 caused growth inhibition of N.

Metabolites of the "smoke tree", Dalea spinosa, potentiate antibiotic activity against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Two new 2-arylbenzofuran aldehydes (1 and 2) and three known phenolic compounds (3-5) were isolated from organic extracts of Dalea spinosa. These compounds were evaluated for their intrinsic antimicrobial activity and their ability to perform as multidrug-resistance inhibitors by potentiating the activity of known antimicrobials against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. Compound 1 and its acetate derivative 6 exhibited no direct antimicrobial activity but enhanced the effect of the weak plant antimicrobial berberine when tested against Staphylococcus aureus.

Phenolic metabolites of Dalea versicolor that enhance antibiotic activity against model pathogenic bacteria.

A new flavonoid (1) was isolated from organic extracts of Dalea versicolor, along with six known phenolic compounds (2-7). The structures of the seven compounds were determined by NMR and HRMS methods. These compounds were evaluated for direct activity against a variety of organisms in vitro, including the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus.

New geranyl stilbenes from Dalea purpurea with in vitro opioid receptor affinity.

Three new geranyl stilbenes, pawhuskins A, B, and C (1, 2, and 3), were isolated from organic extracts of Dalea purpurea. The structures of the three compounds were determined by NMR and HRMS methods. The activities of these compounds, along with that of the known compound petalostemumol (4), were evaluated in an opioid receptor assay in vitro.

Oxepinamides A-C and fumiquinazolines H--I: bioactive metabolites from a marine isolate of a fungus of the genus Acremonium.

Three new oxepin-containing natural products (1-3) and two new fumiquinazoline metabolites (4-5) have been isolated from organic extracts of the culture broth and mycelia of an Acremonium sp., a fungus obtained from the surface of the Caribbean tunicate Ecteinascidia turbinata. The structures of the five compounds were determined through extensive analysis of 1D- and 2D-NMR data, and mass spectrometry.

New p-terphenyl and polyketide metabolites from the sclerotia of Penicillium raistrickii.

Three new p-terphenyls (1-3), a new xanthone derivative (4), and two known fungal metabolites (5 and 6) have been isolated from the sclerotia of Penicillium raistrickii (NRRL 2039). The structures for 3,3"-dihydroxy-6'-desmethylterphenyllin (1); 3'-demethoxy-6'-desmethyl-5'-methoxycandidusin B (2); 6'-desmethylcandidusin B (3); and 1,3,5, 6-tetrahydroxy-8-methylxanthone (4) were determined on the basis of HRMS and NMR data. Although compounds 1 and 4 exhibited mild antiinsectan and antibacterial activity, griseofulvin (5) was responsible for most of the activity of the sclerotial extract in dietary assays against the corn earworm Helicoverpa zea.

Sandramycin, a novel antitumor antibiotic produced by a Nocardioides sp. II. Structure determination.

The structure of sandramycin, a novel antitumor antibiotic, was established by spectroscopic analysis and chiral chromatography of its acid hydrolysate. It was determined to be a cyclic decadepsipeptide with a two-fold axis of symmetry and 3-hydroxyquinaldic acid as an appended chromophore.

Quinolizidine alkaloids obtained byPedicularis semibarbata (Scrophulariaceae) fromLupinus fulcratus (Leguminosae) fail to influence the specialist herbivoreEuphydryas editha (Lepidoptera).

Pedicularis semibarbata is apparently an obligate hemiparasite of coniferous trees. It is also a facultative parasite ofLupinus fulcratus from which we find that it obtains quinolizidine alkaloids, principally α-isolupanine. As a result, a single population ofP.