Minimally Invasive Distal Metatarsal Diaphyseal Osteotomy (MIS-DMDO) for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Plantar Diabetic Foot Ulcers.

Background: Diabetic foot is one of the major complications of diabetes, affecting 15% of patients with diabetes. This study aims to evaluate and compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of patients with diabetes affected by forefoot plantar preulcerative or ulcerative lesions who have undergone minimally invasive distal metatarsal diaphyseal osteotomy (MIS-DMDO) to assess its efficacy in the prevention and treatment of chronic plantar diabetic foot ulcers (CPDFUs).

Methods: The study included 60 patients, 38 with preulcers and 22 with ulcers, with at least 2 years of clinical and radiologic follow-up.

Nursing Leadership in a Post-Pandemic Elective Orthopaedic Theatre Department: A Detailed Thematic Analysis of an Open-Ended Qualitative Survey.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted nursing theatre staff, departmental activity, and delivery of services to patients. This work-based project aimed to investigate the challenges of nursing leadership in an elective orthopaedic department at current times.

Methods: The study collected qualitative data exploring theatre staff's expectations from leadership, offering insight on how the pandemic has influenced the way of working and exploring how the future in this unit may look.

Musculoskeletal Diseases: From Molecular Basis to Therapy.

Musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) comprise a plethora of different disorders (more than 150 conditions) affecting the locomotor system [...

Biomechanics of Chondrocytes and Chondrons in Healthy Conditions and Osteoarthritis: A Review of the Mechanical Characterisations at the Microscale.

Biomechanical studies are expanding across a variety of fields, from biomedicine to biomedical engineering. From the molecular to the system level, mechanical stimuli are crucial regulators of the development of organs and tissues, their growth and related processes such as remodelling, regeneration or disease. When dealing with cell mechanics, various experimental techniques have been developed to analyse the passive response of cells; however, cell variability and the extraction process, complex experimental procedures and different models and assumptions may affect the resulting mechanical properties.

An Institutional Standardised Protocol for the Treatment of Acute Displaced Midshaft Clavicle Fractures (ADMCFs): Conservative or Surgical Management for Active Patients?

Background And Objectives: The treatment of acute displaced midshaft clavicle fractures (ADMCFs) is still under debate. The aim of this study was to verify the effectiveness of our institutional protocol by comparing the clinical and radiographic outcomes of two groups of patients with ADMCFs treated operatively and non-operatively.

Materials And Methods: active patients with a traumatic, isolated non-pathological ADMCF with at least 1-year clinical and radiographic follow up were included.

Comparative histological analysis of the alae nasi in French bulldogs with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome and unaffected non-brachycephalic dogs.

Background: Brachycephalic dogs are characterised by a short and flat nose. This cranial conformation is associated with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome, a respiratory syndrome primarily characterised by stenotic nares, a hyperplastic soft palate and a hypoplastic trachea, among other malformations, with secondary abnormalities resulting in upper airway obstruction METHODS: In this study, we aimed to characterise and compare the histological features of tissue samples harvested from the alae nasi of French bulldogs and non-brachycephalic dogs. Samples from the alae nasi of 11 French bulldogs and 13 non-brachycephalic dogs were collected.

Fetuin-A: A Novel Biomarker of Bone Damage in Early Axial Spondyloarthritis. Results of an Interim Analysis of the SPACE Study.

Our study aimed to evaluate the association between fetuin-A levels and the presence of radiographic sacroiliitis and syndesmophytes in patients with early axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and to identify potential predictors of radiographic damage in the sacroiliac joints (SIJs) after 24 months. Patients diagnosed with axSpA in the Italian cohort of the SpondyloArthritis-Caught-Early (SPACE) study were included. Physical examinations, laboratory tests (including fetuin-A), SIJ,+ and spinal X-rays and MRIs at T0 (diagnosis) and at T24 were considered.

Defective excitation-contraction coupling and mitochondrial respiration precede mitochondrial Ca accumulation in spinobulbar muscular atrophy skeletal muscle.

Polyglutamine expansion in the androgen receptor (AR) causes spinobulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA). Skeletal muscle is a primary site of toxicity; however, the current understanding of the early pathological processes that occur and how they unfold during disease progression remains limited. Using transgenic and knock-in mice and patient-derived muscle biopsies, we show that SBMA mice in the presymptomatic stage develop a respiratory defect matching defective expression of genes involved in excitation-contraction coupling (ECC), altered contraction dynamics, and increased fatigue.

Macroscopic Synovial Inflammation Correlates with Symptoms and Cartilage Lesions in Patients Undergoing Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy: A Clinical Study.

Background: The aim of the study was to examine the relationship among patients' characteristics, intraoperative pathology and pre/post-operative symptoms in a cohort of patients undergoing arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for symptomatic meniscal tears.

Methods: Clinical data were collected (age, sex, body mass index, time to surgery, trauma). Intraoperative cartilage pathology was assessed with Outerbridge score.

Infrapatellar Fat Pad-Synovial Membrane Anatomo-Fuctional Unit: Microscopic Basis for Piezo1/2 Mechanosensors Involvement in Osteoarthritis Pain.

The Infrapatellar Fat Pad (IFP) is a fibro-adipose tissue of the knee recently reconsidered as part of a single anatomo-functional unit (AFU) together with the synovial membrane (SM). Several evidence support the role of this unit in the mechanisms that trigger and perpetuate the onset and progression of osteoarthritis (OA) disease. Additionally, the contribution of IFP-SM AFU in OA-associated pain has also been supposed, but this assumption still needs to be fully elucidated.

Exploring Anatomo-Morphometric Characteristics of Infrapatellar, Suprapatellar Fat Pad, and Knee Ligaments in Osteoarthritis Compared to Post-Traumatic Lesions.

Several studies have investigated cartilage degeneration and inflammatory subchondral bone and synovial membrane changes using magnetic resonance (MR) in osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Conversely, there is a paucity of data exploring the role of knee ligaments, infrapatellar fat pad (IFP), and suprapatellar fat pad (SFP) in knee OA compared to post-traumatic cohorts of patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the volumetric and morphometric characteristics of the following joint tissues: IFP (volume, surface, depth, femoral and tibial arch lengths), SFP (volume, surface, oblique, antero−posterior, and cranio−caudal lengths), anterior (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) (volume, surface, and length), and patellar ligament (PL) (volume, surface, arc, depth, and length).

Management of Displaced Midshaft Clavicle Fractures with Figure-of-Eight Bandage: The Impact of Residual Shortening on Shoulder Function.

The treatment of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures (MCFs) is still controversial. The aims of our study were to evaluate clinical and radiological outcomes and complications of patients with displaced MCFs managed nonoperatively and to identify potential predictive factors of worse clinical outcomes. Seventy-five patients with displaced MCFs were enrolled and treated nonoperatively with a figure-of-eight bandage (F8-B).

Anti-Inflammatory and Pro-Regenerative Effects of Hyaluronan-Chitlac Mixture in Human Dermal Fibroblasts: A Skin Ageing Perspective.

Inflammation and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the structural and functional modifications leading to skin ageing. The reduction of inflammation, cellular oxidation and dermal extracellular matrix (ECM) alterations may prevent the ageing process. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of pro-inflammatory markers and ECM molecules in human dermal fibroblasts derived from young and middle-aged women and the effects of lactose-modified chitosan (Chitlac, CTL), alone or in combination with mid-MW hyaluronan (HA), using an in vitro model of inflammation.

Do Synovial Inflammation and Meniscal Degeneration Impact Clinical Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy? A Histological Study.

The menisci exert a prominent role in joint stabilization and in the distribution of mechanical loading. Meniscal damage is associated with increased risk of knee OA. The aim of this study was to characterize the synovial membrane and meniscal tissues in patients undergoing arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for meniscal tear and to evaluate association with clinical outcomes.

Application of a bilateral temporal fascia free graft in a dog with multifragmented frontal sinus and nasal bone fracture.

Objective: To describe the use of temporal fascia free grafts to treat dorsal open comminuted frontal sinus and nasal fractures.

Animal: One Belgian shepherd dog.

Study Design: Case report METHODS: A 5-year-old spayed female Belgian shepherd was admitted with severe facial deformation due to trauma.

Erosive hand osteoarthritis: latest findings and outlook.

Osteoarthritis (OA) most commonly affects knee joints, and the next most commonly affected sites are the hands and hips. Three distinct hand OA phenotypes have been described: erosive hand OA (EHOA), nodal hand OA - also known as non-erosive hand OA (non-EHOA) - and first carpometacarpal joint OA. EHOA predominantly affects women and is the most aggressive form of hand OA, characterized by a severe clinical onset and progression, leading to joint damage, disability and reduction of quality of life.

Mechanical behavior of infrapatellar fat pad of patients affected by osteoarthritis.

The infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) is an adipose tissue present in the knee that lies between the patella, femur, meniscus and tibia, filling the space between these structures. IFP facilitates the distribution of the synovial fluid and may act to absorb impulsive actions generated through the joint. IFP in osteoarthritis (OA) pathology undergoes structural changes characterized by inflammation, hypertrophy and fibrosis.

Prevalence of chronic pain syndrome in patients who have undergone hallux valgus percutaneous surgery: a comparison of sciatic-femoral and ankle regional ultrasound-guided nerve blocks.

Background: Chronic pain syndrome (CPS) is a common complication after operative procedures, and only a few studies have focused on the evaluation of CPS in foot-forefoot surgery and specifically on HV percutaneous correction. The objective of this study was to compare postoperative pain levels and incidence of CPS in two groups of patients having undergone femoral-sciatic nerve block or ankle block regional anaesthesia before hallux valgus (HV) percutaneous surgery and the association between postoperative pain levels and risk factors between these patient groups.

Methods: A consecutive patient series was enrolled and evaluated prospectively at 7 days, 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery.

Long Term Clinical-Functional and Ultrasound Outcomes in Recreational Athletes after Achilles Tendon Rupture: Ma and Griffith versus Tenolig.

: The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the long-term clinical-functional and ultrasound outcomes of recreational athletes treated with two percutaneous techniques: Ma and Griffith (M&G) and the Tenolig technique (TT). : recreational athletes, between 18 and 50 years of age, affected by acute Achilles tendon rupture (AATR), treated by M&G or Tenolig techniques were recruited. Clinical-functional outcomes were evaluated using Achilles Tendon Rupture Score (ATRS), AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot score, VAS (for pain and satisfaction) questionnaires, and ultrasound analysis (focal thickening, hypoechoic areas, presence of calcifications, tendinitis and alteration of normal fibrillar architecture).